Abstract: A lead dust of bottom blowing furnace，Henan province，contains Pb 44.99%，which can be used as significant resource for preparing high quality ultrafine PbO powders.The optimal technological condition for preparing ultrafine PbO powders are investigated by adopting the process of sulfuric acid roasting-sodium chloride leaching-lead oxide precursor synthesis-generation of lead oxide powder.The results showed that the removing rate of Pb，Cd，As reached 2.67%，96.98%，100.00% through the process of pre-treatment of sulfuric acid roasting-water leaching process，preliminarily removing the impurities of Pb，Cd，As.The leaching rate of Pb and Cd were 97.89% and 98.12% separately by sodium chloride leaching acid process.The conversion rate of Pb was 97.88% by PbO precursor synthesis process.The product crystal morphology was thoroughly changed during generation process of PbO powder，and the product had short clavite sponge porous microstructure，with length of less than 2 μm and PbO of 98.31%，which is considered as high quality of ultrafine PbO powders.To sum up，this process provides a new idea for recycling of lead dust and preparation of ultrafine PbO powders.

Key words: Lead smelting dust, Sulfuric acid roasting, Sodium chloride leaching, Lead oxide precursor synthesis, Ultrafine PbO powder