Abstract: The definition of deep mining and its considering influence factors are introduced,which can be helpful to differentitate “deep mining” and “deep shaft”.Meanwhile,the critical depth of ultra-deep shaft also is given according to the requirement of different countries.The key problems of deep mining are high stress induced by deep mining,dynamic controlling and cooling technique.This issue summarizes the basic conditions of deep mining,the development of deep shaft construction,and analyzes also the distinction of deep mining in different countries in the world.The under (proposed) constructions of ultra-deep shaft in China have been statistics and summary.The constructions of deep shaft mainly distribute in the Gold,Non-ferrous and Iron industry,and the depth of shaft construction is about 1 500 m.In contrast to other countries,the deep mines have single kind ore and low grade in China.For theoretical analysis of ultra-deep shaft,the stress analysis of surrounding rockmass,design of cross-section shape and shaft lining respectively have been analyzed,and the key problem of theory and technique have been presented in deep shaft construction in China.For the sinking technique,the problems of drilling and blasting,systematic mechanized construction,platform and steel ropes respectively have been introduced in detail in China.On account of the stability of ultra-deep shaft under the complex stress circumstances,the elliptic structure and energy absorbing lining of shaft has been provided.The research progress of sinking equipment,platform and steel rope was also introduced,which can provide reference for the construction of ultra-deep shaft in China.

Key words: Ultra-deep shaft, Cross section of shaft, Lining structure, Stress analysis, Energy absorbing lining support