Abstract: In order to further study the metal mine rocking movement law of caving and surface subsidence law，according to the characteristics of rock caving and surface deformation in large-scale deep caving mining in Dahongshan Iron Mine，the influence of deep mining on rock stratum and surface deformation and the space-time relationship are analyzed.Through the long-term on-site observation data in the mine and the similar simulation test in the laboratory，the process of rock stratum caving，movement and deformation and surface collapse，and the law of “three zones” are revealed.It is pointed out that after the large-scale deep mining of the metallurgical mine in the caving method， a crack-oriented subsidence zone is formed on the surface.It is obvious that there exist caving zones and fissure zones，with un-obvious bending deformation zone.But the deformation process of the rock still has“three-zone damage”feature.The overburden rockfall has undergone three processes in sequence，that is，it firstly presents a positive triangular arched upslide，develops upwards to the surface，and then forms a small-scale collapse，then，it expands around the small-scale collapse point，an open development that presents an inverted triangle.Based on the above discussion results，the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock of deep mine roadway and the cause of the damage are analyzed，and the corresponding controlling measures for the surrounding rock deformation are proposed.

Key words: Deep mining, Caving method, Rock layer movement and deformation, Surface subsidence