Abstract: Conductive geopolymer,developed by modifying traditional geopolymer with conductive functional phases,re presents a novel class of materials that combine environmental friendliness with multifunctionality,aiming to overcome its con ductivity limitations and expand its application fields.This paper comprehensively reviews the research progress in this field,fo cusing on the preparation processes,conductivity mechanisms,and the structure-property relationships between microstructure and macroscopic properties.The results indicate that the type and dosage of conductive phase (e.g.,a low percolation thresh old of 0.05% for carbon fibers,a 348-fold increase in conductivity with 1% graphene) and the dispersion technique (e.g., pre-mixing method reducing resistivity by over 99%) are critical for performance regulation.Microscopic analysis,such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM),reveals that the "filler dispersion,interface bonding,network formation" mechanism is central to determining the conductive and mechanical properties.Carbon-based conductive geopolymers,in particular,demon strate outstanding comprehensive performance.Consequently,these materials show great potential in applications such as elec tromagnetic shielding,intelligent sensing,and energy storage.Finally,this paper identifies current challenges,including disper sion techniques,interface control,and long-term stability,and outlines promising future research directions.

Key words: conductive geopolymer,conductivity mechanism,microstructure,macroscopic properties,carbon materials, functional applications