Abstract: In response to the annual production of over 600 million tons of iron tailings in China,the prominent risks of stockpiling and the waste of resources,a systematic study was conducted on the large-scale management and high-value utilization of iron tailings to address the challenge of coordinated governance of environmental risks and resource recycling. A fullchain technical system of " source reduction,process control,end utilization" was established. It was pointed out that the largescale utilization is restricted by the lack of open-pit mining scenarios and the fine-grained problem for backfilling,and the promotion of building materials is constrained by transportation costs and the absence of standards. However,the prospects for high-value utilization are broad. Finally,it was concluded that the comprehensive utilization of iron tailings relies on the collaborative innovation of technology and policy,the breakthrough of fine-grained tailings activation and modification,and multi-component stepwise recovery technologies,the establishment of cross-domain standard systems,and the core direction of large-scale absorption is ecological utilization. In the future, the goal of full quantification and intelligent management of iron tailings should be focused on. 

Key words: iron tailings,control,comprehensive utilization,restrictive factors,prospects