Abstract: To explore the characteristics of soil microbiota and metabolites in the lead-zinc mine pollution area of
Guizhou,soils from the low-pollution area (LP),high-pollution area (HP),and the rhizosphere of the high-pollution area of
Mangsinensis (HPR) were selected as research objects. Through metagenomics and non-targeted metabolomics techniques,the
characteristics of soil microbiota and metabolites were analyzed. The results indicated that with the intensification of heavy metal
pollution in the soil,the α diversity of both bacteria and fungi decreased significantly (P < 0. 05). The rhizosphere of
Miscanthus significantly increased the diversity of soil flora (P<0. 05). In highly polluted soil,Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria
were the dominant bacterial groups,and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased significantly (P<0. 05). The
fungal colonies were primarily composed of Ascomycota and Mucoromycota,and the relative abundance of Aspergillus in the rhizosphere
soil of Miscanthus increased significantly (P<0. 05). The differential metabolites between HP and LP are mainly
down-regulated,with lipids and lipid molecules accounting for 27. 10%. The differential metabolites between HPR and HP are
mainly down-regulated,with lipids and lipid molecules accounting for 43. 46%. The plant hormone signal transduction and linoleic
acid metabolic pathways in the rhizosphere soil of Miscanthus were significantly enhanced (P<0. 05). The association between
soil microorganisms and differential metabolites shows obvious microbiota differences. Among them,bacteria and metabolites
are mainly negatively correlated,and heavy metal pollution inhibits the growth and metabolic activities of bacteria. Fungi are mainly positively correlated with metabolites and participate in detoxification and the synthesis of symbiotic signaling substances.
Therefore,the rhizosphere of Miscanthus can alleviate the effects of heavy metal pollution by regulating microbial interactions
and metabolite synthesis pathways,providing scientific and technological guidance for soil phytoremediation in lead-zinc
mining areas.