能量对某磁铁矿石冲击破碎特性的影响研究

金属矿山 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (12): 94-100.

能量对某磁铁矿石冲击破碎特性的影响研究

贾尚伟1,2　徐壮飞3

1.河南省地质局地质灾害防治中心,河南郑州 450012;2.河南省矿物加工及生物选矿工程技术研究中心,河南郑州 450012; 3.山东黄金矿业(玲珑)有限公司,山东招远 261400

出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2025-12-30
作者简介:贾尚伟(1988—),男,工程师,硕士。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:U1704252)。

Study on the Effect of Energies on the Impact Breakage Characteristic of Magnetite Ores

JIA Shangwei1,2　XU Zhuangfei3

1.The Prevention and Control Center for Geological Disaster of Henan Geological Bureau,Zhengzhou 450012,China; 2.Henan Engineering Research Center of Mineral Processing and Microbe Mineral Processing,Zhengzhou 450012,China; 3.Shandong Gold Mining (Linglong) Co.,Ltd.,Zhaoyuan 261400,China

Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-12-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在磁铁矿石的破碎过程中,能量输入是决定矿物解离效果与磨矿质量的关键因素。然而,由于影响因素复杂,能量与解离特性之间的定量关系尚不明确。为此,研究旨在系统探究冲击能量对磁铁矿破碎特性、粒度分布、断裂形貌及解离行为的影响机制。采用落锤冲击试验机对特定粒级(2.00~1.18 mm)与层厚(1.45 cm)的磁铁矿颗粒群进行冲击破碎试验,运用分形理论对破碎产物的粒度分布进行统计分析,并借助扫描电镜(SEM)与AMICS-Min ing矿物自动分析系统对断裂形貌与解离特性进行观测。结果表明:破碎产物的粒度分布符合分形规律,其分形维数 D与比能呈线性正相关(拟合优度R2=0.95),可作为评估破碎程度的有效指标;随着冲击能量的增加,磁铁矿的断裂模式呈现规律性演变,由沿晶断裂经耦合断裂向穿晶断裂转变;磁铁矿的解离度随比能增加呈单峰分布,在最优比能 0.80 kWh/t下,0.038~0.019 mm粒级获得最高解离度(84.07%),表明适宜的比能可触发界面选择性破碎,从而高效促进矿物解离。研究证实,通过精准调控比能至最优阈值,可在实现解离度最大化的同时抑制过粉碎,为磁铁矿的高效节能碎磨工艺优化提供了重要理论依据。

关键词: 分形维数　矿石破碎特性　粒度分布　矿物解离　断裂形态

Abstract: Energy input during the crushing process is a critical factor determining the liberation efficiency and grinding quality of magnetite ore.However,due to the complexity of influencing factors,the quantitative relationship between energy in put and liberation characteristics remains unclear.This study aims to systematically investigate the effects of impact energy on the breakage characteristics,particle size distribution,fracture morphology,and liberation behavior of magnetite.Drop hammer impact tests were conducted on magnetite particle beds with a specific size fraction (2.00~1.18 mm) and layer thickness (1.45 cm).The particle size distribution of the broken products was statistically analyzed using fractal theory,while the frac ture morphology and liberation characteristics were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an AMICS-Min ing automated mineral analysis system.The results showed that the particle size distribution of the broken products conforms to a fractal pattern,and its fractal dimension (D) exhibits a strong linear positive correlation with specific energy (with a good ness-of-fit R2=0.95),proving it to be an effective indicator for assessing the breakage degree.With increasing impact energy, the fracture mode of magnetite evolves progressively from intergranular fracture through a coupled intergranular-transgranular mode to transgranular fracture.The liberation degree of magnetite follows a unimodal distribution with increasing specific ener gy,reaching a maximum liberation degree of 84.07% in the 0.038~0.019 mm fraction at the optimal specific energy of 0.80 kWh/t,indicating that an appropriate energy input can trigger selective breakage along mineral interfaces,thereby efficiently promoting mineral liberation.This study confirms that precise control of the specific energy to an optimal threshold can maxi mize liberation while suppressing overgrinding,providing a crucial theoretical basis for optimizing energy-efficient comminution processes for magnetite ore.

Key words: fractaldimension,orebreakagecharacteristics,particlesizedistribution,mineral liberation,fracturemorphol ogy

中图分类号:

贾尚伟, 　徐壮飞. 能量对某磁铁矿石冲击破碎特性的影响研究[J]. 金属矿山, 2025, 54(12): 94-100.

JIA Shangwei, 　XU Zhuangfei. Study on the Effect of Energies on the Impact Breakage Characteristic of Magnetite Ores[J]. Metal Mine, 2025, 54(12): 94-100.

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