Table of Content

15 May 2009, Volume 39 Issue 05

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Perspective of the Comprehensive Utilization of Baiyunerbo's Oxide Ores by Direct Reduction

HAN Yue-Xin, GAO Peng, LI Yan-Jun

2009, 39(05):  1-5+148. 

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The paper describes the characteristics of Baiyunerbo oxide ore resource, the present status of its beneficiation and metallurgical separation technology, discusses the problems in BaoSteel's conventional beneficiation-blast furnace process such as low rear-earth recovery, not high resource comprehensive utilization rate and serious environment pollution, and analyzes the necessity to make a comprehensive utilization of Baiyunerbo oxide ores. Based on this, a new process of coal-based direct reduction and beneficiation for treating this kind of ore is proposed, and its feasibility and advantages for the comprehensive utilization of Baiyunerbo oxide ores are discussed. It is concluded that this process can recover the valuable elements such as iron, rear-earth, niobium and thorium in a comprehensive way and therefore, has a good development prospect.

Current Problems in the Disposal of Nonferrous Metallic Tailings

SUN Yan, LIU He-Feng, LIU Jian-Ming, MENG Fan-Wei, ZHANG Wei-Qing

2009, 39(05):  6-10+15. 

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The problems caused by nonferrous metallic tailings are increasingly severer with the increase of tailings discharge amount. The paper reviews the current state of the disposal of nonferrous metallic tailings in China, points out the problems in relation to their characteristics, such as fine size, complex valuable element relation, poisonous substance content and large amount, and puts forward the improvement suggestions.

Study on the Classification and Support of the Wall Rock of Mining Roadway Based on Fuzzy Clustering

DING Xin-Qi, QIAO Lan, ZHU Lan-Yang

2009, 39(05):  11-15. 

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The wall rock of mining roadway in Xishimen Iron Ore Mine was seriously deformed and broken in complex forms. Based on a site investigation, the main factors influencing the wall rock stability were found and taken as indicators in the classification of the wall rocks of mining roadways in Xishimen Iron Ore made by a program in VB6.0 and based on fuzzy clustering. Based on this classification of wall rocks, the support methods for the mining roadways were studied and support plans for different wall rocks proposed.

Study on the Surface Movement Law in Strip Mining of Inclined Multiple Coal Seams

WEI Hao, DENG Ka-Zhong

2009, 39(05):  16-19+95. 

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Strip mining is one of the efficient measures for controlling ground subsidence and mining damage. However, there is insufficient study on the ground movement law in strip mining of multiple coal seams, especially for inclined multiple coal seams. Its study is of both great theoretical significance and practical value. Therefore, a systematic study of the effect law of different mining depths, widths, seam spaces and the space positional relation between upper and lower coal pillars on the surface ground subsidence and horizontal movement is carried out by means of PLAC numerical simulation software. As a result, a comprehensive function relation between the maximum subsidence and the maximum horizontal movement of ground surface with the mining depth, width and seam space and their respective staggered values is established.

3D Numerical Simulation Analysis of Small Anti-Slide Piles in Controlling Slope Failure

ZHANG Wen-Hua, SU Hua-You

2009, 39(05):  20-22+49. 

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Numerical simulation is made for the slope under self-gravity by means of ANSYS software. The slope stress-strain image and displacement vectorgraph of X-Component and Y-Component are analyzed and the general situation of slope failure and the layout of small anti-slide piles are determined for slope disaster prevention. The effect of slope control by small anti-slide piles is analyzed by numerical simulation of the slope controlled by such piles so as to provide assistance to the design and construction of the practical application of small anti-slide piles in controlling slopes.

High-Efficient Wet Shotcreting Technology and Its Application in Underground Mines

HAN Bin, WU Shuan-Jun, LI Hong-Ye

2009, 39(05):  23-26. 

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The paper presents the characteristics and mechanism of wet shotcrete, the effect of the characteristics and amount of the wet shotcrete components such as cement, aggregate, silica powder, accelerator and water reducer on the pumpability and mechanical properties of wet shotcrete, and the additive application state and perspective at home and abroad.It also analyzes the respective advantages, application scope and technical process of a wet shotcreting unit and a wet shotcreting vehicle with robot and walking system, and describes the optimal proportioning of the wet shotcrete and wet shotcreting process used at Jinfeng Gold Mine, which is compared with dry shotcrete in terms of technology and economy.Wet shotcrete|Characteristics and

Macroscopic Investigation of the Ground Pressure and Analysis of the Workings Deformation  Law at a Transition from Deep Open-Pit to Underground Mining

WANG Bin, SONG Wei-Dong, DU Jian-Hua

2009, 39(05):  27-32. 

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With the East Mining Workshop of Daye Iron Mine at a transition from deep open-pit to underground mining as the project background, considering the particularity of the appearance of stope ground pressure and the complexity of workings deformation law, several means were used in the systematic study of the microscopic characteristics and preparatory workings deformation law at a transition from deep open-pit to underground mining, including in-situ macroscopic survey, testing of wallrock loosening circle, multi-point displacement meter monitoring and monitoring of mining dynamic stress. The main conclusion achieved is that it is of great guidance significance to determine the support parameters of the bolting & shotcrete net of preparatory workings and to optimize the extraction sequence, which is of reference value to similar mines.

Research and Application of the Cemented Backfilling  Technology with Total Directly Discharged Tailings

LI Xi-Yong, NING Ge, ZHANG Lian-Xin

2009, 39(05):  33-35+142. 

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The cemented backfilling technology with total directly discharged tailings has eliminated the disadvantages in the previous dry backfilling and wet backfilling technologies. The paper presents the size composition of Jinling Iron Mine' s tailings, the proportioning of the tailings used as backfill material and the backfilling system, process and capacity, and highlights the safety and quality management in the backfilling, where water filtering measures such as drill hole water drainage, water source drainage and wall piping were adopted and a closed retaining wall was built. The 0.2 million m3 mined-out area was backfilled reliably and safely in four months. This technology can facilitate the recovery of residual pillars and ore pillars and reduce the tailings pollution to the environment.

Discussion on the Characteristics and Construction of Digital Mine

LUO Li

2009, 39(05):  36-39+59. 

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The construction of digital mine is of very positive significance to fully exploiting and utilizing mine resources, reducing the high danger and great hazard factors in mining process, implementing China's mineral resource exploitation policy and promoting the development of mine science and technology. The paper, based on the analysis of digital mine definition, elaborates the main characteristics of digital mine and proposes the main contents of digital mine construction in China. The four core contents of digital mine construction are analyzed and explained, which include the establishment of digital model of mine geological deposit, the application of mining simulation technology, the automatic control of mine production process and the construction of mine decision-making management system.

Optimization of the Development System in Miaogou Iron Mine

ZHANG Zi-Xiang, XU Yan-Chao

2009, 39(05):  40-42. 

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The production capacity of the concentrator of Miaogou Iron Mine was increased from original 1.22 million t/a to the current 1.90 million t/a at the end of 2008. In view of this, the mining status of Miaogou mine is analyzed in depth. It is pointed out that the 1.54 million t/a mining capacity of the current development system is far from meeting the need of the newly added capacity of the concentrator. A plan for optimizing the development system is proposed from four aspects, the development of the ramp from the east wall, the development of permanent ore-transport road, the selection of the development mode for the hanging wall and footwall south of Line 0 and the transformation of the east dumping site. The implementation and the expected economic results of this optimization plan are described briefly.

Application of High Precision Fuse Blasting Cap and[JZ]Hole-by-hole Detonation Technique

WANG Zhong-Hai, ZHOU Ming-Yi, ZHAO Gai-Chang, TIAN Xin-Bang

2009, 39(05):  43-45. 

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Blasting is one of the four technologies in mining engineering, Drilling and blasting cost takes a great proportion in the mining cost. Therefore, to long for an ideal blasting effect and to realize the optimal matching of blasting parameters have long been the core of blasting operation with real engineering as the case and based on Orica's hole-by-hole detonation technique, the paper describes in detail the program and contents of the optimization of blasting parameters and pointes out that Orica Co's high precision fuse blasting cap is a guarantee for realizing a hole-by-hole detonation and improving the blasting effect.

Collecting Performance of Fatty Acid as Collector for Ilmenite

FENG Qi-Ming, XI Zhen-Wei, ZHANG Guo-Fan, LU Yi-Ping, 欧Le-Ming

2009, 39(05):  46-49. 

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The effects of length and unsaturation degree of the alkyl group of fatty acid on its collecting performance are studied by the flotation tests on several fatty acid collectors for ilmenite and the quantum chemistry calculation of fatty acid molecules. The result shows that the hydrophobicity of fatty acid increases with the increase of its alkyl group length and the fatty acid is prone to dissolve and disperse in water with the increase in the unsaturation degree of its alkyl group, thus enhancing its collecting ability.

Study on the Fluorine Resistance of Thiobacillus Thiooxidans in Uranium Leaching

LIU Jin-Hui, WU Wei-Rong, LIU Ya-Jie, SUN Zhan-Xue

2009, 39(05):  50-52+66. 

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Uranium ore often has a high fluorine content, which will enter the bacteria solution during uranium leaching. Fluorine ions are an important factor depressing the bacteria growth and affecting the acid production ability of bacteria. The test shows that when F- amounts below 16 mg/L, Thiobacillus Thiooxidans can grow well in four days; when F- reaches 30 mg/L, its growth period will exceed 15 days. When F- is below 8 mg/L in the bacteria solution, the acid production ability of bacteria will be little affected, but when F- reaehes up to 16 mg/L, it will be greatly affected. By domestication, the fluorine resistance of Thiobacillus Thiooxidans can be raised to endure a fluorine concentration of 40 mg/L in uranium leaching.

Research on the HIMS-Reverse Flotation Process for a Limonite Ore

LI Feng-Jiu, NIU Fu-Sheng, NI Wen, WU Gen, ZHANG Jin-Xia, LIU Shu-Xian

2009, 39(05):  53-56. 

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The process consisting of one stage grinding-HIMS (high intensity magnetic separation)-reverse flotation was adopted for the beneficiation of a limonite ore according to its properties. The test results show that at a 60.0% -200 mesh grinding fineness, by a closed-circuit process of one rougher of HIMS,  a re-concentration of HIMS concentrate, two scavengers of HIMS tailings, reverse flotation of the tailings of re-concentration of HIMS concentrate and the concentrate of re-concentration of HIMS tailing, and reverse flotation tailing's returning to the re-concentration operation of HIMS tailings, an HIMS concentrate with a 52.24% yield, 54.04% grade and 67.03%recovery and a final tailing with a 47.76% yield, 29.08% grade and 32.97% recovery can be obtained.

Research on the Magnetizing Roasting and Magnetic Separation of an Oolitic Hematite Ore

WANG Cheng-Xing, TONG Xiong, SUN Ji-Peng

2009, 39(05):  57-59. 

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Magnetizing roasting is one of the effective ways to improve the comprehensive utilization of refractory iron ores. The factors influencing the magnetizing-roasting of an oolitic hematite ore were studied and the optimal conditions of the process of magnetizing roasting-low intensity magnetic separation were determined to be: 5% anthracite, 850 ℃ roasting temperature， 60 min roasting time， 70%-0.074 mm grinding size and 145.6 kA/m magnetic field intensity. At these optimal conditions, an iron concentrate grading 58.40% at an 87.86% iron recovery was obtained, with the sulfur content reaching the metallurgical requirement, which can be used as a component. However, it has a phosphorus content exceeding the standard, and a further study has to be made on its use as a direct metallurgical material.

Investigation of the Fluctuation of Flotation Indexes of Qidashan Iron Mine

LIU Gui-Yun, XU Hong-Gang

2009, 39(05):  60-62+106. 

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Based on the recent years' flotation practice of AnSteel Qidashan Iron Mine, the causes for the fluctuation of flotation indexes due to the high return amount of the primary scavenging concentrate are analyzed by investigating the site flotation system capacity or flotation throughput, flotation time, return amount of the primary scavenging concentrate, and product size composition.

Technical Transformation Practice of Miaogou Iron Mine for Iron Increase & Silica Decrease

LI Xin, DING Ya-Zhuo, YIN Wan-Zhong

2009, 39(05):  63-66. 

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Miaogou iron ore has complex properties and extremely fine dissemination size. Its original beneficiation process was long and consumed large amount of energy, with the iron concentrate containing 60%~63% iron and as high as 8.75% SiO₂. A full magnetic separation process with equipment such as magnetic field screen, elutriating machine for cleaning and high frequency vibration mesh screen was adopted to transform the original process, which achieved an iron concentrate having an iron grade as high as above 65.00% and a reduced SiO₂ content of 6.83%. As a result, the objective of iron increase and silica reduction was achieved, improving the comprehensive economic benefit of the concentrator.

Study on the Process Mineralogy of Weakly Magnetic Iron Ore from Meishan

YANG Long, YUAN Zhi-Tao, HAN Yue-Xin

2009, 39(05):  67-72+111. 

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The paper analyzes the mineral composition and contents of Meishan weakly magnetic iron ore, studies in detail the process characteristics of its main iron minerals: magnetite, hematite, semi-martite, martite, siderite, goethite and pyrite, including dissemination and size characteristics, and on this base, points out the main factors influencing the separation of weakly magnetic iron minerals.

Research on the Production of Super Pure Iron Concentrate with a Powder Iron Concentrate

ZHANG Jin-Xia, NIU Fu-Sheng, XU Zhi-Shuai, BAI Li-Mei, NIE Yi-Miao

2009, 39(05):  73-74+87. 

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A super pure iron concentrate containing TFe 72.02% and SiO₂ 0.27% was produced with a common iron concentrate containing TFe 67.70% and SiO₂ 4.88% by a process consisting of grinding, low magnetic separation-magnetic and gravity separation-reverse flotation, and at the same time, a common iron concentrate grading 70.57% iron was also produced, with the total iron recovery reaching 91.96%.

Research on the Comprehensive Recovery of a Copper-Tin Ore

LIU Hou-Ming, DAI Xin-Yu, WANG Chang-Liang, MAO Yi-Lin

2009, 39(05):  75-79+83. 

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A copper-tin ore from Western China belongs to complex refractory ores. In light of its process mineralogy characteristics, flotation is used to recover the sulfide minerals from it, which can obtain a copper concentrate grading more than 15.81% at a recovery of 73.14% and a sulfur concentrate grading 34.59% at a recovery of 70.99%，effectively recovering its copper and sulfur. Then, gravity separation-flotation process is adopted to recover the tin from the tailings of copper flotation, which can get a tin concentrate grading 35.02% at a 20.95% recovery and three kinds of tin middlings. It is shown that the process of flotation-gravity separation-flotation can be used to recover the copper, tin and sulfur from this copper-tin ore.

Research on Deep Reduction of an Oolitic Hematite

SUN Yong-Sheng, LI Shu-Fei, SHI Guang-Quan, HAN Yue-Xin, LI Yan-Jun

2009, 39(05):  80-83. 

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Oolitic hematite is an important iron ore resource. Because of its special feature，it can not be effective- ly separated by the conventional beneficiation method. A new reduction and separation process was used to treat an oolitic hematite. The main factors influencing reduction were determined in the test. The main performance indexes of the product from this process were described as follows:iron grade above 85%;metallization rate up to 97%;iron recovery above 92%.

Research on Purifying Low-grade Quartz Ore by Floatation

DING Ya-Zhuo, LU Ji-Wei, YIN Wan-Zhong, HAN Yue-Xin

2009, 39(05):  84-87. 

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The research on purifying feldspar-quartz ore of Chaoyang District in Liaoning Province was carried out by reverse floatation, which used sodium oleate as activator of feldspar, sodium hexametaphophate as depressor of quartz and lauryl amine hydrocloride as collector for feldspar. The results of flotation at pH=5.0 revealed that the rougher concentrate of desliming-reverse floatation has a 99.62% SiO₂ grade and 60.42% recovery from a feed containing 93.01% SiO₂ and 5.28% Al₂O₃ with a grinding fineness of -0.050 mm 85%, from which, the final product with a 99.95% SiO₂ can be obtained by re-grinding, re-flotation and concentrate desliming. The SEM and EDS results on the floatation products revealed that the key in the powder quartz purification is to remove the fine slime covered on the concentrate.

Research on the Pre-concentration of a Shaanxi Rutile Ore by Reverse Flotation

GAO Li-Kun, CHEN Yun

2009, 39(05):  88-91+118. 

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Slime has a great impact on rutile flotation. In order to efficiently reduce the slime effect on rutile flotation, test research was conducted on rutile depression in reverse flotation. The result shows that a froth product with a yield of 31.34% can be discarded in the reverse flotation with sodium oleate added by starvation method, where rutile is depressed by aluminum sulphate. The froth product of the reverse flotation has a rutile grade of 0.39%, leading to only a low rutile loss of 6.23%. The sand products has a rutile grade that is improved from original 1.96% to 2.68%, and is activated after the reverse flotation and treated by positive flotation, from which a rougher rutile concentrate grading 20.30% at a recovery of 83.88% is obtained. The reverse flotation can remove 74.79% -0.010mm fraction, creating a favorable condition for the positive flotation of rutile.

Design and Implementation of the Mine 3D-GIS Based on ArcGIS Engine

LIU Gui-Ming, ZHANG Wei-Guo, LAN Xiao-Ji

2009, 39(05):  92-95. 

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Based on ArcGIS Engine and Visual C# .NET, the visual system design for mine 3D data display and analysis is implemented by component programming technology. The paper presents the main function of the system, discusses the key techniques of the system integration, and describes the system architecture of ArcGIS Engine-based mine 3D GIS. The critical techniques in the process to realize a visual expression of mine 3D GIS are also discussed.

3D Modeling of Bedded Geologic Body based on Unilateralism TIN

CHENG Da-Yu, ZHANG Hai-Rong, FAN Hong-Dong

2009, 39(05):  96-98+114. 

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Based on the analysis of the status quo of 3D geological modeling research, the 3D modeling of geologic body containing fault information is improved and simplified. The principles, data model and visualization method of unilateralism TIN based 3D modeling of bedded geologic body are studied according to the characteristics and practical need of mine geological data. Finally, the prototype system software for the 3D modeling of bedded geologic body that is based on Windows platform is designed, developed and verified.

Application of the Fault State Equation in Mine Structure Analysis

WANG Zheng-Rong, WANG Shang-Xing

2009, 39(05):  99-102+178. 

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Fault structure is one of the main geological factors influencing coal mining. In order to rapidly and accurately form and identify the fault at underground field to seek the location of tunnels, the paper proposes a state equation for faults which is deduced from fault spatial geometry relation and mathematical analysis using the basic principle of structural geology and the mathematical means, and discuses its application. According to the fault classification by the state equation, the geometry relation among faults can be clearly described, showing the basic fault types in nature. Using the macro-characteristics that is easy to observe and related to the states to identify the faults can rapidly and accurately solve some problems on the fault structures to guide production in time. 

Application of the Zipf's Law in Resource Reserve Prediction of Keketale Lead-zinc Ore

HUANG Wei, SUN Bao-Sheng, Zhou-Ke-Fa, CHANG Xiang-De

2009, 39(05):  103-106. 

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Keletale Lead-zinc ore is a key typical deposit with major characteristics in non-ferrous and precious metals ore-forming in the southern Aletai edge. The current exploration reserves are about 5 million t. In order to further expand the vision of deposit reserves, and according to the proven lead-zinc resources in Keketale lead-zinc deposit, the law zipf's law is applied to predict long-term resources reserves, laying a theoretical basis for further lead-zinc exploration in this region. The prediction results indicate that there is a large prospecting prospect in Keketale lead-zinc deposit with about 15.786 million t of lead-zinc resources required to identify.

A New 3D Tunnel Modeling Method-Symmetrical Modeling

ZHANG Zhi-Hua, HOU 恩Ke, ZHAO Zhou, DENG Nian-Dong, JIA Rui-Tao

2009, 39(05):  107-111. 

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Tunnels are the core of mine projects, and 3D tunnel modeling is an important component of digital mine construction.In light of the 2D tunnel feature of symmetry along tunnel center line and the 3D tunnel feature of symmetry on sections, a new 3D tunnel modeling method-tunnel symmetrical modeling is proposed, which is capable of a correct modeling for cases such as tunnel intersection and has solved the problem in conventional 3D tunnel modeling.Based on this symmetrical modeling, a 3D tunnel data architecture is designed and used, in combination with VC++ and OpenGL, to realize the building and visualization of 3D tunnel modeling for trifurcate shaped and cross shaped tunnels.

Development and Preliminary Application of High Precision Nuclear Densimeter

YANG Huan-Zhang, LAI Wan-Chang, WANG Guang-Xi, SHAO Qi-Wei

2009, 39(05):  112-114. 

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A kind of non-contact high precision nuclear densimeter was developed. Based on the basic principle of interaction betweenγ-ray and substances, the parameters such as density and concentration of the medium in the pipe or vessel were determined by measuring the change of ray intensity. An anticoincidence circuit and high count rate chip were used to reduce the effect of the rise-fall of the ray intensity statistics on the measurement accuracy, leading to a satisfactory measuring accuracy, response speed and stability.

A Study of the Abrasion Form and Mechanism of Backfilling Pipelines

ZHANG Qin-Li, ZHENG Jing-Jing, WANG Xin-Min, WANG Xian-Lai

2009, 39(05):  115-119. 

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In view of the easy abrasion of backfilling pipelines, an investigation is made of the filling drill-holes in Jinchuan mine area. It is found that the abrasion caused by the impact of pulp in free falling is the main wear mode of filling pipeline. The physical and mechanical model for slurry flow is established and the wear mechanism of filling pipeline discussed from the viewpoints of moment and energy. The study indicates that the longer the distance of free falling, the greater the speed for the slurry to arrive at the interface between air and slurry and the more serious the impact abrasion on local pipe wall. A concept of energy consumption of unit area of pipe wall is proposed and it is concluded that the higher the energy per unit area of pipe wall, the faster the pipe wall abrasion.

Fuzzy Control System for the Process Water in Concentrator

CUI Xue-Ru-

2009, 39(05):  119-122. 

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The concentrator process water includes thickening recycling water, static pressure return-water of tailing reservoir and clear water supplement, and the principle for using water is to use more return-water from the tailing reservoir and less clear water, and to realize a zero discharge. In the practice, as the tailing reservoir is generally far away, and the process needed water and the recycling water are instable, it is hard to both satisfy the requirement of process water and realize a zero discharge with the conventional automatic control. Therefore, an expert system based on fuzzy control theory was designed, which makes the judgement and forecast of the water level change of the recycling water tank and the emergency tank by a combination of advanced fuzzy control theory and the empirical method, and adjusts the static pressure return-water control valve based on the forecast result, so as to control the emergency tank level within a rational scope under the prerequisite of ensuring the concentrator's process water, and to realize a real zero discharge, thus reducing the environment pollution and producing great economic and social benefits.

Study on the Hammer Material and Mass of Vertical Impact Crusher

YIN Jin-Guang, YIN Kai, XIONG Xian-Wen-

2009, 39(05):  123-125. 

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The commonly used alloy hammer of vertical impact crusher has poor quality, short life and large consumption, affecting the equipment availability. The hammer material and mass are studied. As a result, high chromium alloy is selected as hammer material, which, when heat treated, has high wear resistance, good ductility and long service life and therefore, is an ideal material for hammer. With respect to the hammer mass, a computation formula of hammer mass is deduced according to the hammer kinetic analysis and crushing conditions, providing a theoretical basis for determining the hammer mass.

Analysis and Measures for Solving the Problems Related to Hydraulic Drive Plunger Diaphragm Pump

HUANG Xiao-Yun, ZHANG Feng-Ci, SUN Ping

2009, 39(05):  126-128+171. 

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The hydraulic drive plunger diaphragm pump is a new type of high-pressure pump for slurry pipe transportation, which is now under development. Based on the analysis of the features of general diaphragm pumps, the paper presents the working principle of the hydraulic drive plunger diaphragm pump, and points out that how to improve the service life of the diaphragm and to avoid slurry-oil mixing are two crucial factors deciding its successful development. Measures are given as a result of study.

DIMINE-based Research and Realization of True 3D Mining Method Design

FANG Zhi-Heng, WANG Li-Guan, HE Yuan-Fu

2009, 39(05):  129-131+137. 

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The key techniques for realizing a true 3D mining method design in building a digital mine are studied and the significance of true 3D mining method design to the construction of a digital mine is analyzed. The true 3D mining method design is realized by means of DIMINE software. It is indicated that it is not very necessary but fully feasible to apply the visualized true 3D technology in mining method design, which has broken through the traditional design modes and methods, and can greatly raise the efficiency of mining method design and make the design more intuitive, vivid and understandable. It will have a wide application prospect.

Multimedia Wireless Communications Network of Digital Mine

ZHAO Xu, GUI Wei-Hua, YANG Chun-Hua, TANG Chun-Xia

2009, 39(05):  132-134+145. 

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The core in digital mine construction is to build an integrated mine communications network for realizingan efficient, safe underground mining and intelligent and informatized enterprise management. The production process of mine enterprises is characterized by discrete time and scattered space and the difficulty in mine underground communication is how to realize a high speed, bi-directional, large capacity mobile communication. A solution is proposed for the integrated communications network of digital mine based on base station. A “multi-in-one network” communication system integrating mobile voice communication, video surveillance, equipment monitoring, environmental monitoring and personnel orientation is constructed. The structure of integrated mine wireless communication network and the architecture of the base station for digital mine multimedia wireless communication are described. Digital mine|Integrated mine wireless communication network|Multimedia wireless communication base station|Multi-in-one network

Adsorption of Uranium from Wastewater by Hydroxyapatite

CHEN Chao-Meng, ZENG Guang-Ming, TANG Chi

2009, 39(05):  135-137. 

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Hydroxyapatite is synthesized by hydrothermal method to remove the uranium from wastewater, and the influence factors in this experiment are discussed. The test results show that the removal efficiency of uranium using HAP reaches up to 95%. The major factors that affect removal efficiency include pH value, temperature, the dosage of HAP and the reaction time. The removal efficiency increases with the reaction time and the dosage of HAP increasing. It is advantageous to the adsorption of uranium by acid or neutral medium. It costs about 60 minutes to meet the adsorption equilibrium.

Study on the Adsorption of Sr²⁺ on Zeolite

WANG Jin-Ming, YI Fa-Cheng

2009, 39(05):  138-142. 

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The paper studies the adsorption capacity of zeolite for simulated nuclide Sr²⁺ under different environment conditions (concentration, temperature, pH, media) and its adsorption mechanism, providing some references to the assessment of the disposal effect of medium and low radioactive radwastes. The experiments indicate that adsorptive equilibrium time of zeolite for Sr²⁺ is about 14 days. Its Sr²⁺ adsorption performance decreases with the rise of liquid phase temperature; is inferior at No.2, 3 and 4 media to that in No.1 medium; is greatly affected by the medium irons; and increases with the rise in solution pH value. The equilibrium adsorption of zeolite for Sr²⁺ increases while the equilibrium adsorption rate and ratio decrease with the rise of solution concentration.

Study on Improving the Acid-Producing Capacity of Acidithiobacillus Thiooxidans

PENG Hui-Qing, ZHAO Yong-Hong

2009, 39(05):  143-145. 

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Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans are often used in the biological hydrometallurgy and metal-containing sludge treatment fields, but their natural bacterial strains have a limited acid-producing capacity. In this experiment, the improvement of the acid-producing capacity of the natural Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans separated from the acid drainage of a mine was studied, including the effect of different initial pH values and energy source of substrate on the acid-producing capacity. Meanwhile, microwave and ultraviolet induction breeding were adopted to further improve the acid-producing capacity of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans.

Modification of Active Bentonite and Its Application in Olefins Removal from Aromatics

WU Wen-Juan, CHEN Chang-Wei, JIANG Zheng-Hong, SHI Li

2009, 39(05):  146-148. 

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Zhejang Linan-produced active bentonite was used as the raw material to produce a modified active bentonite by adding ZnCl2 modifier. The raw bentonite and the modified active bentonite were characterized by BET, XRD and FT-IR, and the results show that, on the surface of the modified active bentonite, the concentration of acid sites has increased while the specific surface area decreased. The modified active bentonite was then used as catalyst to remove the olefins from aromatics, and the result shows an improvement in olefins removal effect and a prolonged service life.

Discussion on the Mechanism of Chitosan Adsorption for Uranium

WANG Jie, HUANG Xiao-Nai, LIU Ying-Jiu, DING De-Xin

2009, 39(05):  149-151+185. 

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The influencing factors, adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm of uranium adsorption on chitosan were investigated by experiments. The result shows that when the solution has an initial uranium mass concentration of 1 000 mg/L, a pH value of around 5, a chitosan dosage of 2.0 g, and a solid-liquid ratio of 1∶50, and the adsorption time is 120 min, the maximum uranium removal by chitosan can be 94% and the adsorption capacity is 1.43 mg/g. Its adsorption process is more like a second-order reaction, with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 2~0.999 7, and its adsorption isotherm is more in conformity with Langmuir equation，with a correlation coefficient of 0.997 2~0.998 4.

Study on the Underground Gas Concentration Standard for Highland Mines

TANG Zhi-Xin, YANG Peng, 吕Wen-Sheng , PAN Gui-Hao

2009, 39(05):  152-154+160. 

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In light of the special plateau conditions, the effect of O₂, CO₂and other harmful gases on human body is analyzed and the applicability of "Safety Rules for Metal and Non-Metal Mines" to the high altitude areas discussed. For areas above 2000m, it is suggested to use the equivalent altitude for setting the minimum concentration of O₂, and the formula for equivalent altitude is proposed. In respect to the human body's sensitivity to partial pressure of CO₂, the exposure limit expressed by mass concentration can satisfy the requirement. For some harmful gases, it is suggested to classify their exposure limits based on altitude.

Study on the Sensitivity Influence Law for the Stability Coefficient of Sliding Belt

REN Fen-Hua, YANG Zhi-Jun, LIU Yan, LUO Jian-Lin

2009, 39(05):  155-157. 

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In view of the complex geological conditions, Janbu slice method of limit equilibrium was used to analyze the pit slope stability of metal mine during the transition from open-pit mining to underground mining.The factors to which the stability coefficient F_s is sensitive were studied.The sensitivity study indicates that the three main influencing factors are soil cohesive force C, internal friction angle   and volume weight γ of sliding body.The change law of F_s with them under different conditions was analyzed and it was concluded that the internal friction angle is the most sensitive one of the three.The analysis of sensitivity influencing factors has provided a theoretical basis for controlling the sliding belt and controlling the pit slope slide.

Principal Component Analysis of Influencing Factors of Key Block Stability

MENG Heng, LI Jian-Lin, WANG Le-Hua, DENG Hua-Feng

2009, 39(05):  158-160. 

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The block theory, which was first proposed by Shi Genhau, a Chinese scholar, is mainly used for analyzing the geometric shape and movement possibility of blocks in 3D space. Its key is to eliminate unlimited blocks and movable blocks, find out and study the key block at free face, and propose rational reinforcement measures for potential instable blocks. There are many factors influencing the stability of key blocks when this theory is used in analyzing the stability of rocky slope. In this paper, the influence of unloading due to the excavation of the rocky slope is considered by using uniform test design method, and the effect of five factors such as cohesion, friction angle and seismic peak acceleration on the stability of key blocks of rocky slope is studied and evaluated, providing some references to practical engineering construction.

Study on the Assessment of Land Destroy Degree in Mine Land Reclamation Design

ZHAO Yan-Ling, HUANG Qin-Huan, XUE Jing, PENG Hai-Yan

2009, 39(05):  161-163+167. 

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Assessment of land destroy degree is an important basis for land reclamation planning. The paper highlights the index system and its acquisition method for assessing the subsidence-caused land destroy degree, and describes the index selection and classification standard for different areas, providing reference to land reclamation planning.

Analysis of the Influence of Surrounding Rock on Mine Inlet Air Temperature

KONG Xiang-Qiang, XIE Fang-Jing, CHEN Xi-Shan, CHEN Li-Xia

2009, 39(05):  164-167. 

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Based on heat transfer theory, and in consideration of the characteristic of moist wall, the mathematical model of heat and moisture transfer between mine inlet air and airway walls was set up and the factors influencing inlet air temperature were analyzed, including tunnel physical dimension, rock thermophysical nature, and initial temperature of inlet air. The results show that rock thermophysical nature is the main factor influencing the inlet air temperature in underground mine; the air flow temperature increases with the depth of mine; the larger the hydraulic radius of tunnel is, the greater the change in the inlet air temperature in drift at the same depth will be; the influence of the initial inlet temperature on the underground air flow decreases with the increase in depth; and at the deep level of temperature increasing zone, the air flow temperature is mostly affected by the rock stratum exothermicity.

Study on the Seepage Field of Tailing Dam Based on Water-Soil Interaction

MA Chi-Xiang, QIN Hua-Li, XU Shu-Fang, LU Dong-Ling

2009, 39(05):  168-171. 

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The seepage stability of tailing dam is of great importance to the dam structure stability and therefore, the analysis of seepage field is an important content of tailing dam engineering research. The theory of water-soil interaction to which seepage is closely related is introduced into the tailing dam seepage analysis. On the basis of the geochemistry and mechanics, and their relative theories, in light of tailing's structural characteristics, the paper discusses, macroscopically and microscopically, the water-soil interaction within tailing dam in terms of water-soil chemical interaction, water-soil physical interaction and seepage mechanical interaction. The seepage field finite element simulation is conducted for a real case of iron ore tailing dam so as to provide the basic primary data for tailing dam stability analysis and also the basic theoretical reference for the study of disaster-causing mechanism of tailing dam.

Application of Fuzzy Grey Incidence Pattern Recognition Method in Rockburst Prediction

WANG Fa-Zhi, WANG Ling-Hui, XIE Xue-Bin

2009, 39(05):  172-174. 

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Pattern recognition method is used to predict rockburst. The rock elastic energy index, rock brittleness coefficient and the ratio of the maximum tangential stress of surrounding rock to the rock uniaxial compressive strength are chosen as the main influencing factors for predicting rockburst. By using grey system and fuzzy mathematics theory, a new rockburst prediction method based on fuzzy grey incidence pattern recognition method is proposed and applied in the prediction research of the rockburst trend and intensity of Dongguashan Copper Mine. The prediction results indicate that the method proposed has a high predication accuracy and a good application prospect.

Research on Making Fired Bricks with High Phosphorous Hematite Tailings from West Hubei

WANG Mei-Ying, ZHANG Yi-Min, CHEN Tie-Jun, CHEN Yong-Liang, CHEN Zhang, ZHAO Yun-Liang

2009, 39(05):  175-178. 

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West Hubei has a large hematite ore reserve, which is a kind of high phosphorous fine-sized refractory oolitic ore. Its beneficiation produces a large amount of hematite tailings that have a fine size, high content of iron which is difficult to recover and low silicon-aluminum content. Their direct disposal can pollute the environment and therefore, a comprehensive utilization of these tailings should be made. Based on the analysis of their basic properties, test research was made on using them to make fired bricks by press-forming. The results show that at the optimal conditions of a 12%～15% forming moisture, 20～25 MPa forming pressure, 950～1 050 ℃ firing temperature, above MU2-class common fired bricks can be made with this kind of hematite tailings, with their fired products having a uniform red color.

Research on the Desulfurization of Pyrite Slag

WANG Hong-Zhong, DONG Feng-Zhi, YAO De

2009, 39(05):  179-182. 

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The paper describes the current development of pyrite slag utilization technology and the characteristics of roasted pyrite slag. The optimal process conditions for pyrite slag treatment by chemical method were determined by experiments, including using aqua regia as the leaching agent at a 5% dosage and a 50 g/L concentration, a 70 ℃reaction temperature and a 2 h leaching time. The iron concentrate obtained by the experiment had a 60.70% iron grade, 98.50% recovery, 62.10％ desulfurization rate and a 0.27%sulfur content. Based on the experiments, the pyrite slag leaching mechanism is analyzed. It is concluded that the leaching agent can promote the dissolution of CaSO₄, oxidation dissolution of metal sulphides and dissolution of basic oxides, and that water rinsing is also the key in the process of treating pyrite slag by chemical method, which can promote the dissolution of soluble substances and also clear off their attachment.