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Table of Content

    17 September 2007, Volume 37 Issue 09
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    Thought on Reduction of Tailing Discharge from Concentrators
    YIN Wan-Zhong, WU Shi-Wei
    2007, 37(09):  1-7. 
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    The paper reviews the tailing discharge conditions in China, presents the main progress in the discharge reduction technology and equipment including the comprehensive utilization of tailings, thickening and press filtering of tailings and recycling of tailing water, and also considers the ways to reduce the tailing discharge from concentrators from the viewpoint of cyclic economy.The real cases of the discharge reduction are cited, including the zero-discharge of tailing, tailing use as building material, wastewater recycling, and tailing reconcentration and finally, the discharge reduction of concentrators is prospected.
    Characters and Application Prospect of Bauxite Tailings
    HU Xiao-Dong, YANG Hua-Ming, HU Yue-Hua
    2007, 37(09):  8-12. 
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    Aluminum is the most abundant metal element in the earth and is an important resource for the development of national economy. It occurs mainly in the form of bauxite, which is characterized by low aluminum-silicon ratio in China and therefore will produce a large quantity of tailings after beneficiation, leading to a series of problems such as environment pollution and resource waste. In addition, bauxite tailings are difficult to utilize due to their complex mineral composition as they contain diaspore, kaolinite, anatase and silicon dioxide. The mineral composition, crystal structure and thermodynamic behavior of bauxite tailing were characterized by XRD, SEM and TGA-DTA methods. Based on this, the comprehensive utilization and the application prospect of bauxite tailings are discussed, aiming at solving bauxite tailings-related environment pollution and resource waste problem so as to realize a cycle economy and resource cherishment.
    Study on Monitoring Technology of Disaster-inducing Environment in Depth Mining
    WANG Li-Guan, SONG Ming-Jun, JIA Ming-Tao, SHANG Xiao-Ming, GONG Yuan-Xiang
    2007, 37(09):  13-15. 
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    With the development of economy and the depletion of shallow resource, depth mining has become an inevitable selection for acquiring resources. However, rockburst, fire, water inrush, etc. often occur due to high stress, high temperature and high water pressure in depth mining environment. Especially in recent years, China's safety production situation has deteriorated and there have been frequent fatal accidents. Low production efficiency and resource shortage have become the obstacles restricting China's economic development. In light of this, study is made from an integral viewpoint on the disaster formation mechanism, occurrence law, monitoring network, model of data visual analysis, alarm and control technology and emergency evacuation in depth mining. The disaster-inducing environment in depth mining and the orientation of the research on its monitoring technology in China are described in detail.
    Research on Application of Surpac Vision Software in Metal Mines
    CHENG Tian-She, YANG Wen-Jing
    2007, 37(09):  16-19. 
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    The paper describes the main modules and functional characteristics of Surpac, a 3D visualized mine engineering software developed by Australian SSI, compares Surpac Vision with the common GIS softwares and analyzes its specialization and focalization.On this basis, in combination with the main procedure of the mining in metal mines, a comprehensive reasoning is made on the extended application prospect of this software in the digitalization construction of China's metal mines.
    Application of Grey Hierarchical System Theory in Optimization Selection of Mining Method
    LIU Wen-Jian, WU Xiang-Bin, LIU Jiang-Long
    2007, 37(09):  20-23. 
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    In view that the selection of mining method is a systematic issue, gray and hierarchical systematic analysis theory is applied to build a gray hierarchical comprehensive evaluation model for the optimization selection of mining method which considers the safety performance, environment protection and technical performance, and uses the hierarchical method to determine the weight of every factor, the gray relation analysis method to determine the grey incidence degree of evaluation factors and the evaluation mode to determine the best to worst sequence of mining methods. The method was used for selecting the mining method for Huangjindong Gold Mine and as a result, pillarless upward dry-filling stoping method was selected. The practice shows that the application of this method can achieve good economic benefit and environmental protection effect, and can greatly improve the safety of operating workers, demonstrating that the optimization selection of mining method using gray hierarchical theory has advantages of reliable evaluation results and strong adaptability.
    Discussion on Caving Space in Meishan Underground Iron Mine
    FAN Qing-Xia
    2007, 37(09):  24-27. 
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    There is a large difference between the caving space used in the production in Meishan Iron Mine and the optimal caving space, which has certain effect on the main technical and economic performances of the mine.Analysis is made of the caving space used when the stope adopts a 15 m×20 m large space structure.In combination with the results of the industrial ejection body tests made at different production stages and of the tests on the drilling and blasting parameters, a new thought is proposed on the optimization of mine caving space, which can be used as the reference for the similar domestic mines.
    Dynamic Optimization of Drawing Cut-Off Grade in Daye Iron Mine
    TAN Yu-Ye, SONG Wei-Dong, KUANG Zhong-Xiang, YIN Xiao-Peng
    2007, 37(09):  28-31. 
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    In view that the optimization of the cut-off grade in ore drawing involves the whole mine system, a dynamic system study method is adopted. First, a mathematical model for all the dynamic link parameters of Daye Iron Mine is established, followed by establishing a comprehensive tech-economic model closely combining the technical parameters with economical ones. Secondly, What If function was used to make comparative analysis of thousands and hundreds of schemes and the policy-decision target values of all schemes are calculated. Finally, optimization decision-making is made by using twice multi-objective fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The optimized scheme can improve the three-year  total profit, present value and concentrate output by 25.9682 M yuan, 23.9436 M yuan and 0.1568 M t respectively.
    Optimization of Ore Drawing Mode for Transition sublevel in  Pillarless Sublevel Caving
    TU Wen-Zhi, MA Jian-Jun, WANG Wen-Zhong
    2007, 37(09):  32-34. 
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    The development trend of the pillarless sublevel caving method is to increase the structural parameters and therefore, many existing mines have to confront with the transition of the stope structural parameter from the common space to a larger space.With Jinshandian Iron Mine as the case, in view of the ore drawing problem in the transition sublevel and guided by the pillarless low dilution drawing theory, it is suggested to comprehensively consider the optimized ore drawing mode of multiple sublevels and to find a corresponding caving space.On this basis, the optimal drawing measures are put forward, including the blast optimization, the ore drawing management and the control of the cut-off drawing grade.
    Investigation on Flowability of Cement-Tailing Paste and Strength of Harden Paste
    YAN Xiao-Mei, PAN Zhi-Hua, WANG Fang-Han, CAO Wei-Qin
    2007, 37(09):  35-38. 
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    Laboratory investigation is made on the change in the flowability and the harden paste strength of cement-tailing paste at different types of cement, cement addition and solid content. The results show that its flowability will be improved with the decrease in solid content, the flowability of the paste to which Portland cement is added will be better than that of the paste with ordinary Portland cement and the cement amount has small effect on the flowability. The strength of the harden paste will be increased with the increase of cement amount and the solid content, and the strength of the harden paste containing Portland cement will be higher than that of the harden paste with ordinary Portland cement. In tailing back-filling operation, the scheme of high solid content, ordinary Portland cement and appropriate cement addition which is in accordance with the requirement on the strength can be selected for the stopes where there is a small ratio of horizontal distance to vertical distance of the backfilling pipeline, and for the stopes where there is a large ratio, the scheme includes a filling paste with a small solid content and ordinary Portland cement for the bottom filling, and a paste with silicate cement and appropriate cement amount that is in accordance with the requirement on the strength for the upper part filling can be selected.
    Stability Analysis of Intermittent Pillar between Stope Rooms Based on Cusp Catastrophe Theory
    JIANG Wen-Wu, XU Guo-Yuan, MA Chang-Nian
    2007, 37(09):  39-41+45. 
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    To facilitate the analysis, room-pillar system is simplified into a built-in beam-pillar mechanical system and its mechanical model is established.According to the constitutive relation of mechanical system, the cusp catastrophe theoretical mode is built.It is shown through analysis that the instability of pillar is only dependent on its internal conditions and independent of the external function.The energy release mechanism of the pillar sudden instability is also studied, which indicates that the energy release due to instability is also only related to the room-pillar system itself.The conclusion is finally drawn that to rationally optimize the mechanical-geometrical property parameters of the room-pillar system itself so as to destruct the necessary conditions for the pillar sudden instability is the effective means to control the pillar stability so as to ensure a safety production.
    Research on Effect of Rockmass Joints and Fissures on Blasting in Tunneling and Its Practice
    TAN Hai-Wen, WU Zhong-Xiong, MA Rui-Jun
    2007, 37(09):  42-45. 
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    In view of low blasting efficiency and poor quality in tunneling of Longtoushan Gold Mine, the effect of rockmass joints and fissures on tunneling blasting is analyzed. The on-site test results show that some effective measures such as reasonable cutting pattern, blasting parameter improvement, ensured blast-hole quality, etc. can hraise the blasting efficiency and advance per attack, improve the blasting quality and achieve good economic benefit in tunneling in jointed and fissured rockmass.
    3D Numerical Simulation of Stress Status of Wall Rock at Intersection of Preparatory Workings
    KUANG Zhong-Xiang, SONG Wei-Dong, DENG Cheng-Ai
    2007, 37(09):  46-49+100. 
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    There are many intersections due to crisscrossed preparatory workings in the non-pillar sublevel caving in Chengchao Iron Mine, which is taken as the engineering background in the study. They are the most easily deformed and destructed zone in the stope, seriously endangering the underground safety production. FLAC3D analysis software is used to make 3D numerical simulation analysis of the intersections between link roadways that have poor stress status, in which the wall stress and strain distribution character and law are studied. It can not only make up the deficiency in the theoretical analysis and practical site measurement investigation, but also is of great practical significance in ground pressure control.
    Study on Deformation-Destruction Mechanism of High Stress Weak-Rock Tunnel and Control Measures
    WU He-Ping, CHEN Jian-Hong, ZHANG Tao, ZHAO Guo-Yan
    2007, 37(09):  50-54. 
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    Due to high ground pressure and complex geological conditions of high stress soft-rock tunnel, the pre-determined support mode for high stress weak rock tunnel often fails to accord with the characteristics of wall rock deformation and destruction. The floor heave and roof instability in weak rock tunnels occur most ly due to the weak support at tunnel periphery and some local part. The support of weak rock tunnel is a technical challenge faced by the underground mining engineering and the floor heave is a major form of wall rock deformation and destruction. A larger number of practically measured data indicate that 50%~75% approaching amount of tunnel floor and roof is caused by floor heave. Serious floor heave in tunnels can bring a lot of maintenance work and maintenance workers' labor. The paper analyzes the weak support mechanism of high stress weak rock tunnel, expounds the causes for floor heave and roof instability, discusses the destruction characters and deformation law of weak rock tunnels, and puts forward some understanding and measures of support, providing new reference for the support structure design for weak rock tunnels.
    Study on filling ratio of blind mined-out area for surface building protection
    YANG Wei-Zhong, LIU You-Ping, LI Jian-Hua, YAN Rong-Gui
    2007, 37(09):  55-58. 
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    The paper describes the mechanism of protecting the surface buildings by filling the blind mined-out area, deduces the necessary conditions for the surface building not to be destructed and gives out the formulas for the blind mined-out areas of tectonic stress and self-gravity stress destruction types at full extraction and non-full extraction conditions, which can be used in guiding the design for safe and economic protection of surface buildings.
    Application of Flotation Column in Reverse Flotation of Hematite Ore
    LI Lin, LIU Jiong-Tian, WANG Yong-Tian, YOU Xiao-Fang
    2007, 37(09):  59-61. 
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    Research is made on the reverse flotation by flotation column for desilication in order to improve the concentrate of magnetic separation of a hematite ore concentrator.The result indicates that compared to the conventional reverse flotation process consisting of one rougher, one cleaner and three scavengers, the process that adopts cyclonic static micro-bubble flotation column and consists of one rougher and one scavenger can raise the recovery by 8.37%.The application of cyclonic static micro-bubble flotation column has opened a new route for China's hematite reverse flotation.
    Investigation on Stepped-Flotation Process for Donganshan Carbonate-Containing Refractory Iron Ore
    ZHANG Ming, LIU Ming-Bao, YIN Wan-Zhong, HAN Yue-Xin, LI Yan-Jun
    2007, 37(09):  62-64. 
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    The paper describes the technological mineralogy and flotation-separation characteristics of Donganshan carbonate-containing refractory iron ore and puts forward a new process for treating this kind of ore, stepped flotation. It consists of first separating the siderite by direct flotation in neutral medium and then separating hematite by indirect flotation. The closed-circuit laboratory test results show that an iron concentrate grading 66.34% iron with an iron recovery of 71.6% can be obtained from a flotation feed grading 52.3% by stepped flotation process.
    Synthesis of Dialkylbenzene Sulphonate and Study on Its Performances
    ZHANG Li-Ming, SUN De-Si, ZHANG Qiang
    2007, 37(09):  65-67. 
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    Dialkylbenzene sulfonic acid was synthesized by olefin sulphonate and alkyl benzene using sulfuric acid as the catalyst and the effect of the temperature and the mol-ratio of the reactant and the catalyst, air, etc. on the final product was investigated. The results show that an optimal product can be obtained at the conditions of a temperature of 138 ℃, a mol ratio between alkyl benzene, olefin sulphonate and sulfuric acid of 1.05:1:0.1 and an oxygen introduction. The synthesized dialkylbenzene sulfonic acid was then neutralized and purified to obtain dialkylbenzene sulphonate, which is proved to contain a low cmc(0.11mM) by a performance test.
    Catalytic Effect of Active Carbon on Low-Grade Copper Sulfide Ore
    ZHANG Wei-Min, GU Shi-Fei, SUN Zhan-Xue
    2007, 37(09):  68-70. 
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    The catalytic effect of adding active carbon on improving the efficiency of the bioleaching of low-grade primary copper sulfide ore using mixed thiobacillus ferrooxidans and thiobacillus thiooxidans was investigated. The results show that, in the initial stage of bioleaching, active carbonated addition can greatly accelerate the copper dissolution velocity and rate, where a dosage of 3.0g/L of active carbon is most beneficial to the copper dissolution, which is increased from 11% to 79% after 600h bioleaching, an increase of 68 percentage points compared to that in the absence of active carbon. The enhanced dissolution velocity and rate of copper can be attributed to the galvanic interaction between active carbon and chalcopyrite. The addition of activated carbon can obviously depress the iron dissolution and the bacterial oxidation of Fe2+ in solution. At the presence of active carbon, a low redox potential is more favorable to the copper dissolution than a high one for low-grade primary copper sulfide ores.
    Analysis of A Concentrator's Existing Technological Process and Investigation on Its Optimization
    YANG Xiao-Feng, LIANG Song
    2007, 37(09):  71-73+96. 
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    A concentrator treats a lean magnetite ore and it has changed its original single magnetic separation process into a magnetic-gravity combined separation flowsheet due to the property change of the mill feed. The transformation has improved the production's metallurgical performances but the production is not stable and the concentrate has failed to attain the predetermined index. Through the investigation of the existing production and flowsheet and the analysis of the main factors influencing the production indexes and flowsheet stability, the key problems existing in the production flowsheet and each operation have been found and an optimization flowsheet consisting of staged grinding, coarse-fine separate treatment and magnetic-gravity combined separation is proposed.
    Measurement of Sulfur in Chromium Ores and Concentrates by  High Frequency Combustion Infrared-Adsorption Method
    YU Qing, WANG Yan, REN Chun-Sheng, YING Hai-Song
    2007, 37(09):  74-75+89. 
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    The measurement of the sulfur in chromium ores and concentrates using high frequency combustion infrared-adsorption method is studied. The instrument working parameters, optimal testing conditions and disturbance of impurities are discussed. This method, simple and rapid, can greatly improve the working efficiency, with the measurement scope of 0.001% ~ 0.004%.
    Ore-Controlling Factor of Jiangxi Wushan Copper Deposit and Ore-Prospecting Orientation
    XU Tang-Guang
    2007, 37(09):  76-78. 
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    Starting From the geological background of mineralization, deposit geological characters, ect., the ore-controlling factors of the deposit are analyzed. It is concluded that this deposit is controlled by the stratum lithology, structure and magmatic rock, and that medium acidic porphyry rockmass, skarnization, and gossan are the ore-prospecting indicators. It is preliminarily considered that the depth of this deposit, the east Shizidao region, the heave area at the south syncline axial part are the important orientation in the future ore-prospecting.
    Groundwater Blockage by Grouting Curtain in Dahongshan Mine and Its Evaluation
    ZHU Shi-Ping, WANG Fu-Chun, ZENG Xia-Sheng
    2007, 37(09):  79-83+93. 
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    Developed marble karst in Dahongshan Mine has led to a great deal of water burst in mine shaft and rapid groundwater table lowering, resulting in a large scale of surface subsidence. Through the survey on the site, design and construction of grouting curtain and the evaluation of the effect of water blockage by grouting curtain by various means such as analysis of drilling unit grouting amount, observation of the groundwater tables inside and outside the curtain, water extraction test, electromagnetic wave perspective of drill-hole, drill-hole inspection, etc., it is considered that grouting curtain has an evident water blockage effect and fine quality grouting curtain can play a significant role in water flow interception.
    Study and Application of Virtual Roaming Technology Based on OpenGL
    SENG De-Wen, LI Zhong-Xue, WANG Hong-Xia
    2007, 37(09):  84-86+122. 
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    Combined with the demand of the development of mining industry and the presently feasible technology, the paper discusses the technical keys and challenges in developing a real-time roaming system based on OpenGL technology and conventional development platform , and describes the methods of the construction, calling and optimization of geological, deposit and terrain models. Based on Visual C++6.0 integral development environment, a real-time roaming system oriented to geological and mining engineering is developed.
    Geological Characteristics of West Zhangying Gold Deposit of Mingguan City, Anhui Province and Its Ore-Prospecting Potential
    WANG Jia-Lou, JIN Neng-Qi, WANG Yun
    2007, 37(09):  87-89. 
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    The paper outlines the geological characteristics, geology and ore formation conditions of West Zhangying gold deposit and analyzes the ore-prospecting potential in this area. It is considered that there is good ore-prospecting potential at the south-west depth of II orebody and at the depth of the contact belt with rockmass in the Shangcheng zone in the south of the area.
    Status Quo of Tramp Iron Remover Application and Its Development Trend
    DAI Hui-Xin, HAO Xian-Yao, ZHAO Zhi-Qiang
    2007, 37(09):  90-93. 
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    The paper presents the application of electromagnetic and permanent magnetic tramp iron removers,analyzes briefly the merits and defects of electromagnetic ones (air cooled,water cooled,oil cooled,vibration type,super conducting type,etc.)and permanent magnetic ones (belt type,plate type,turnover type,pipe type,grid frame type,drum type,etc.)and discusses its research orientation.
    Experimental Research on Hematite Ore Concentration by High Intensity Wet Permanent Magnetic Separator
    CAO Zhi-Liang, XU Yong-Ren, ZHAN Hai-Qing, LI Gui-Liang
    2007, 37(09):  94-96. 
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    The structure and working principles of the generalized separation space high intensity wet permanent magnetic separator are presented. It was used in the beneficiation test on the hematite ore from Wangjiatan area, Shangchang Iron Mine, Kun Steel. As a result, an iron concentrate grading 53.03% with a recovery of 83.32% was obtained from a -6mm feed by one roughing, one scavenging and one cleaning separation process using this machine, thus providing an effective way for the beneficiation of the hematite ore of Wangjiatan mining district.
    Study on Fuzzy Control Arithmetic for Classification Pump-Sump Pulp Level in Beneficiation
    HU Dan, YU Jun-Qi, GUO Chun-Yan
    2007, 37(09):  97-100. 
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    A fuzzy intelligent control arithmetic was proposed for the control of the pulp level of the classification pump-sump in metal mineral processing. It has solved the problem of the variation of pump throughput due to the sharp variation of the pump-sump pulp level that can lead to a reduction of the hydrocyclone classification efficiency. The simulation results indicate that the system steady error is below 0.53% and compared to the existing production process, it can greatly reduce the production cost, improve the product quality and satisfy the product process requirements.
    Research on Treating Rare-Earth Ammonia Chloride Wastewater by Blow-Off Method
    CHEN Li-Rong, DAI Bao-Cheng, WU Wen-Fei, WANG Li-Ping
    2007, 37(09):  101-102+112. 
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    Blow-off method was used to treat rare-earth ammonia chloride waste water and the optimal process parameters achieved in the experiment include a pH value of 12, blow-off temperature of 30 ℃, blow-off time of 3h and gas-liquid ratio of 6000. At these conditions, an ammonia-nitrogen removal rate of 97.20% can be obtained and its concentration in the waste water can be reduced from 12017.6mg/L to 336mg/L. A further application of the combination of secondary blow-off and reverse osmosis can make the waste water reach the state standard for discharge.
    Research on Treatment of Pb2+- Containing Waste Water by Combination of Diatomite and FeCl3
    YAN Gang, XIAO Ju-Qiang
    2007, 37(09):  103-105+112. 
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    Experimental research was made on the treatment of Pb2+- containing waste water by combination of diatomite and FeCl3. The results show than when the water contains 52.4 mg/L , the water can reach the standard for Pb2+ content for discharge after the treatment at the conditions of a ratio (mass ratio)of diatomite to FeCl3 of 6∶1, diatomite dosage of 70 mg/L, pH control at 7.0~8.0, agitation speed of 120~140 r/min and 80 min precipitation. Easy to operate and needing only a small investment, the method has good application prospect.
    Ni2+ Removal from Water by Adsorption Using Oxalic Acid-Modified Manganese Ore
    WANG Ying-Li, YU Hua-Jiang, MA Zi-Chuan, JIA Mi-Ying
    2007, 37(09):  106-108. 
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    Oxalic acid-modified manganese ore and natural manganese ore were used as adsorbents for Ni2+removal from water. The effect of pH value, adsorption time and adsorbent dosage on the Ni2+removal rate was investigated and the saturated adsorption amount was measured. The results show that Ni2+adsoption-pH curve is of S type and the Ni2+adsoption rate is increased with the increase of the adsorption time and the addition of the modified manganese ore. Under the conditions of 25 ℃, pH=0.7 and a adsorbent concentration of 0.2 g/L, modified and natural manganese ores have a saturated adsorption amount for Ni2+ of 32.3 and 11.6 mg［Ni2+］ respectively, with the former's adsorption amount being 2.8 times that of the latter. Therefore, modified manganese ore is expected to become a new adsorptive material for treating water containing Ni2+.
    Study on Treating Organic Pollutants in Municipal Sewage by Modified Bentonite
    LI Zhi-Juan, PANG Gui-Lin, ZHEN Wei-Jun
    2007, 37(09):  109-112. 
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    The paper describes the regeneration of organic bentonite and the organization of the regenerated bentonite.The best conditions for the adsorption of the organic pollutants from water by regenerated bentonite are studied by orthogonal test and the adsorption effect for organic pollutants by the organic bentonite before and after regeneration is compared.The results show that the optimal conditions for the regeneration of bentonite include combustion at 780℃ for 55min；the best organization condition include a pulp concentration of 30%, modifier dosage of 7ml/100g, reaction temperature of 60℃ and reaction time of 80min; and the optimal conditions for the adsorption of organic pollutants by regenerated organic bentonite include pH =6, dosage of bentonite of 6 g/l, temperature of 25℃, and oscillation time of 20 min, when the COD removal rate can reach 80%.
    Study on Process of Decomposition of BaoSteel Concentrator Tailing by carbothermic chlorination
    YU Xiu-Lan, WANG Zhi-Chang, HAN Yue-Xin, HAN Hong-Min, LIU Jia
    2007, 37(09):  113-115+130. 
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    Carbothermic chlorination reaction is made on the tailings of BaoSteel Concentrator with SiCL4 as the de-fluorine agent.The effect of the reaction time, reaction temperature and de-fluorine agent on the yield of rare-earth chloride is investigated.The results indicate that at the presence of de-fluorine agent and at a temperature between 700~800℃, the chlorination reaction time is 2h and the chlorination rate is as high as above 95%.The X-ray diffraction of the acid-insoluble substance of the chloride product shows that the acid-insoluble content includes rare-earth fluoride, SiO2, Fe2O3 and monazite between 450~500℃; SiO2 and a small amount of monazite at 700℃; and SiO2 and a small amount of monazite and rare-earth fluoride at 900℃.
    Calculation and Analysis of Material Loss in Beneficiation Process
    CHANG Qing, WANG Rui
    2007, 37(09):  116-118+126. 
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    There are many mineral processing plants in China that have no capability to recycle the tailings. They make no detailed estimation of the distribution of the material and metal loss in the beneficiation process and only reckon the tailing quantity from the measured valuable product quantity. The paper describes the way to analyze the output level and loss of the material quantity and contained metal in the production process by deducing the tailings and loss amount according to the easy-measurable parts in the material input and output process, such as the input material quantity and amount, the product quantity and amount and the tailing grade. The recommended method can scientifically measure and calculate the change in the material quantity and determine the process technological level and the loss rationality so as to facilitate a more effective monitoring on the beneficiation technology and its organized execution.
    Investigation on Copper Recovery form An Iron Tailing
    SUN Da, LI Yong-Cong, GAO Zhi-Ming
    2007, 37(09):  119-122. 
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    An iron tailing containing 0.38％ copper was treated in a closed-circuit flotation flowsheet consisting of one roughing, two scavengings and four cleanings. As a result, a copper concentrate grading 23.86% with a recovery of 68.86% was obtained. The flotation tailing was then gravity-separated by tabling to reduce its copper grade to 0.10％ and to improve the copper recovery by 4.69 percentage points to 73.55%. A new concentrator producing a copper concentrate grading 18.05% (combination of the flotation and gravity separation concentrates) will have an investment recovery period of only 0.8 a, an evident economic benefit.
    Recovery of Lead-Zinc from Tailings of Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine
    ZENG Mao-Hua, YAN Mei-Feng, XI Chang-Sheng, FANG Zhen-Peng, LIANG Kai
    2007, 37(09):  123-126. 
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    In light of the tailings characters in No.1 tailing reservoir of Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, the fine screening at 0.074mm and tabling separation were used to discard 55% of the tailings so as reduce the downstream grinding and flotation cost and meanwhile to enrich the valuable elements such as lead, zinc, silver, gallium, germanium, etc. The flotation condition of lead -zinc minerals was improved by the control of the dosage and time of sodium sulfide addition. All this has resulted in a new process for recovering comprehensively lead and zinc from the lead-zinc tailings. The pilot test results show that a lead-zinc bulk concentrate containing 17.83% lead and 29.60% zinc and having a lead recovery of 71.82% and zinc recovery of 85.46% can be obtained from the tailings by fine screening-classification, gravity separation and flotation.