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Table of Content

    15 August 2007, Volume 37 Issue 08
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    Progress in Research of Preparation of Modified Ultrafine Powders by Mechanochemical Method
    SU Xiao-Li, CAO Zhi, ZHANG Zhi-Jun
    2007, 37(08):  1-3+15. 
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    The paper reviews the progress in the research of surface modification of ultrafine powders by mechanochemical method, describes the features of the wet and dry mechanochemical processes for surface modification,highlights some research cases of the integral process of air jet pulverization and surface modification, and illustrates the wide prospect of this process.
    Development Status Quo of f Microbial Leaching Technology
    WANG Zhong-Hai, ZHOU Yuan, ZHONG Hong-Ming, TIAN Shu-Guo
    2007, 37(08):  4-6. 
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    The paper outlines the status quo of the domestic and foreign application of microbial leaching technology, summaries the main mechanism of the microbe in the leaching process, presents four processes and the general flowsheet of microbial leaching and looks to the future of the microbial leaching technology.
    Evaluation of Qualitative Data Uncertainty in Mineral Resource Prediction and Assessment
    ZUO Ren-Guang, XIA Qing-Lin-
    2007, 37(08):  7-10+46. 
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    Statistic analysis is made of the field number and storage space of various types of data, with the mineral prediction and assessment database as the study objective. It is found that qualitative data takes a leading position in both field number and storage space, which shows that the evaluation of the uncertainty of qualitative data is the key in the uncertainty evaluation in mineral resource prediction. The qualitative data are further classified into descriptive, classification code and series code types. It is found by the statistic analysis of the field number and storage space of the data of each type that descriptive data and classification data should be laid stress on in the uncertainty evaluation of qualitative data. The uncertainty evaluation is made on the classification codes and series codes by qualitative ranking and qualitative transformation and also on the qualitative data, with the strata and fracture orientation as the case.
    Stress Distribution of Bolt in Brittle Wall Rock and Effect of Rock Shearing Expansile Angle
    ZHU Xun-Guo, YANG Qing, LUAN Mao-Tian
    2007, 37(08):  11-15. 
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    Load transfer differential equation for rock bolt is established according to the stress equilibrium and load transfer mechanism of small-section bolt, and the axial load transfer equation of rock bolt is also set up according to the strain deformation before and after the installation of rock bolt in the tunnel wall rock. In combination with the radial deformation equation of brittle wall rock in circular tunnel, the computing model for the axial stress of the grouted rock bolt in ideal brittle wall rock and the one for the friction resistance between the anchoring section and the rockmass interface are deduced. The stress distribution characteristics of rock bolt and the factors influencing its distribution trend and magnitude are analyzed, with the highlight on the shearing expansible angel of the rockmass.
    Analysis of Main Factors Influencing Permeability of Dump leaching in Copper Mines
    WANG Yi-Ming, WU Ai-Xiang, ZUO Heng, YANG Bao-Hua
    2007, 37(08):  16-18+38. 
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    The permeability of piled body is the key in the dump leaching in copper mines. With Dexing Copper Mine as the case, the main factors influencing the permeability in the dump leaching are systematically studied from ore size, stacking mode, mechanical compaction, clay and powder ore content, etc. The results show that high content of clay and powder ore, gravity segregation in stacking and mechanical compaction are the main causes leading to low permeability. The technical means such as innovated blasting and stacking process, mechanical loosing, addition of loosing agent, installation of permeation-assisting facility and crushing-ageing-granulation leaching can effectively improve the permeability of the dump and the metal recovery.
    Study on Roof Control Technology in Underground Orebody Continuous Mining
    WANG Jin-Xue, SHEN Jie
    2007, 37(08):  19-23. 
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    The underground continuous mining technology for low grade orebodies is a method for realizing the high efficiency production of mine, of which the roof control is one of the key techniques. A systematic study is made on the underground continuous mining of No.3 thick and low grade orebody of a nonferrous metal mine by a simulation test with similar material and by FLAC-3D method, including the study on the natural roof caving, the time-sequence system of artificially induced roof caving and the roof stress change law in the mining process. The results show that the initial roof caving space of No. orebody is 96 m and the natural caving property of the roof is poor. Using artificially induced roof caving method, cutting inducing slots in the roof and rationally arranging the time and space sequence between the orebody mining and the roof caving can realize a stepwise caving of the roof in mined-out area with the progress of mining so as to ensure a safety extraction. The roof stress has a tendency to rise with the progress of the mining and will decrease before the roof caving but with not large change amplitude in stress. The study has proved that the underground orebody roof in the continuous mining can be effectively controlled by artificially induced caving technology.
    Mining Technology and Application in Datuanshan Deposit of Dongguashan Copper Mine
    DONG Shi-Hua
    2007, 37(08):  24-26+54. 
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    Trackless new mining technology is introduced for the mining at -460 m in Datuanshan deposit. According to the geological conditions of the deposit and the state quo of the upper mining and to over 40 years' successful mining experience in the old Donggushan copper area, the technology of large-diameter long-hole sublevel open stoping with delayed filling is selected. In light of the gradually increasing one-step extraction ground pressure in the panel, the drilling chamber arrangement is optimized, thus ensuring the establishment of a safe, high efficient and flexible trackless new mining process.
    Study on Rational Distribution of Comminution Energy Consumption for Anshan Type Magnetite Ore in East Hebei
    LI Zhan-Jin, GAN De-Qing, ZHANG Yan-Bo, WANG Jin-Hua
    2007, 37(08):  27-30. 
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    Based on the study of the energy consumption in blasting, crushing and grinding in some iron ore mines in East Hebei, a model for a rational distribution of comminution energy consumption for Anshan-type magnetite ore of East Hebei is established. The redistribution of the energy consumption in the comminution process of Anshan type magnetite ore of East Hebei by using this model can minimize the total comminution energy consumption. According to the results of the calculation based on this model, Bangmoshan Iron Mine, Tangshan Steel can reduce the grinding energy consumption by 4.93 kW·h/t and the total cost of ore comminution by 2.19 yuan /t if the unit cost of the blasting in the pit is increased by 0.08 yuan/t and the crushing energy consumption in the mill by 0.58 kW·h/t, which may lead to a of an annual comminution cost reduction of 3.285 million yuan.
    Experiment Study on Deep Sulfur Deduction of A High Sulfur Iron Ore from Yunan
    ZHAO Zhi-Qiang, DAI Hui-Xin
    2007, 37(08):  31-33. 
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    The concentrate from a Yunan high sulfur iron ore has a sulfur content that exceeds that specified in the standard due to the pyrrhotite. A test was made for reducing the sulfur content in the concentrate. It adopted a flowsheet of low intensity magnetic separation-floatation and used a combined activator NC and a new collector DY to effect on the pyrrhotite. As a result, the sulfur content in the concentrate was reduced to 0.08% and the iron grade of the concentrate reached 65.04%.
    Adsorption of  Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans on Surface of Sulfide Minerals
    JIA Chun-Yun, WEI De-Zhou, GAO Shu-Ling, LIU Wen-Gang, JING Yu
    2007, 37(08):  34-38. 
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    The adsorption of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans on the surface of pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena and sphalerite are studied. The results indicate that .Thiobacillus ferrooxidans has unobvious selective adsorption on the surface of these four sulphide minerals. The initial pH of solution has little influence on the adsorption of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans on the surface of sulphide minerals, but an acidic medium will be more propitious to the adsorption. A bacterium density of 0.1~1.0 g/L, mineral slurry concentration above 15 g/L and temperature between 20～30 ℃ are favorable to the adsorption. SEM result indicates that the ectoblast on the surface of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans is the important site for the adsorption. IR spectrum shows that the functional groups such as —OH, —NH2, C=O, C—O play an important role in the adsorption process.
    Experimental Study on Uranium Recovery from Bioleaching Solution of Uranium Ore by Resin
    LIU Jin-Hui, LIU Ya-Jie, ZHENG Zhi-Hong
    2007, 37(08):  39-41+46. 
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    Tests were made on static and dynamic adsorption of uranium from the pregnant solution in bioleaching of Xiangshan uranium ore by 717# alkali anion-exchange ions. Ascorbic acid was used in the dynamic rinsing test on Fe3+ impurity coexisting with uranium in the resin after the adsorption. The static adsorption test results indicate that, to improve the resin's adsorption capacity for uranium, the uranium concentration in the bioleached solution should be as high as possible, the solution pH should be adjusted to about 1.4 and the time of the contact between the resin and the solution should be as long as permissible. The dynamic test results show that 717# alkali anion-exchange ion has a rather strong adsorption ability for uranium. When the ratio of the volume of the uranium solution passing through the exchange column to that of the column is 206, the uranium adsorption amount in the resin can reach 93.54 mg/mL. The dynamic rinsing test results indicate that ascorbic acid has strong de-oxidation ability for Fe3+ and good iron-uranium effect can be achieved if ascorbic acid is used to strip Fe3+ from the loaded resin.
    Research on In-Situ Stress Measurement and Its Distribution Law in Dahongshan Iron Mine
    MA Chun-De, XU Ji-Cheng, CHEN Feng, ZUO Yu-Jun
    2007, 37(08):  42-46. 
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    Dahongshan Iron Mine in Yunnan is one of the large deep-laying underground metal mines in China. The deposit is situated at a joint of various types of complex regional structures, with a very complex geological structure and the potential conditions for rockburst hazard occurrence. In-situ stress measurement is carried out via six points located at 4 different sublevels by means of LUT Sweden in-situ stress measuring system, and its variation law and distribution characteristics are also studied. The results show that the maximum principle stress increases linearly with the depth increase, reaching about 47 MPa at maximum, with its azimuth angle ranging from N16°E to N 65°E, the average azimuth angle being around N 40.84°E, and the average inclination angle being 14.35°, only 2.89°at minimum, indicting that the horizontal tectonic stress is prominent here, which is very agreeable to the regularity of geological structure in this region.
    Discussing on Deep Exploration of East Orebody in Baiyunebo Deposit
    YANG Zhan-Feng, LIU Jian-Yong, GUO Ai-Fang
    2007, 37(08):  47-49+64. 
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    The geological conditions of Baiyunebo deposit area are outlined, which has rich resource and enormous iron orebodies. The previous exploration results show that the east orebody dies out in branching in dolomite and biotite slate and in dolomite at depth in narrowed branching, with a maximum extension of 980m. It is concluded through the orebody characteristics disclosed by the deep exploration of the east orebody and in combination with the pervious work that:1) the east orebody is strictly controlled by the strata; 2) its main mineralization process has the character of “sedimentary mineralization”; 3) the east orebody is distributed at the north wing and the core of the syncline structure ,  joins with the south east Dongjielegele orebody and belongs to the same structural system as the main orebody and west orebody; 4) it changes little in the thickness at depth and has a tendency to extend downward. According to the above understandings, it can be conjectured that there is large reserve of iron ore in Baiyunebo main, east and west orebodies at depth.
    Study and Realization of Native GML Spatial Data Query System
    LI Yun-Hao, LIU De-儿, LAN Xiao-Ji
    2007, 37(08):  50-54. 
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    Today, GML has become the virtual international standard for spatial data encoding, transmitting, storing and distributing. Combined with XML query language and the characteristics of GML spatial data, the characteristics of GML query language and the framework of the querying system for GML spatial data are proposed. Taking into account the characteristics of GML data and based on XQuery which is XML's standard query language, the contents of XQuery spatial extension are put forward, the GML query language is developed and the querying system for GML spatial data programmed, thus realizing the native GML spatial data query.
    Application of MATLAB-Based BP Nerve Network in Mineral Resource Forecast
    LI Sui-Min, YAO Shu-Zhen, ZHOU Zong-Gui
    2007, 37(08):  55-57+67. 
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    Artificial nerve network（ANN） is an interdisciplinary subject rising in recent years. In forecast, ANN will establish a non-linear reflection relation between the input and output , then automatically simulate the natural relation between the various mineralization factors and carry out the whole optimal searching, thus reducing the human intervention and improving the accuracy of the resource forecast. The back propagation network-BP network is mostly used. As MATLAB can provide many tool boxes for tracing the foreign advanced computing methods and mathematical models, the learning, training, fitting and forecast (simulation) processes of BP network model can be conveniently realized by using the nerve network tool boxes in MATLAB. Based on this thought, taking as example the forecast for the lead-zinc ore prospect area in Xunbei region, Shaanxi Province, BP artificial nerve network system for mineral resource forecast is set up by transferring the internal functions on MATLAB platform, based on which the forecast for the perspective area is made.
    Research on GPS-Based Production Scheduling System of Open-Pit Mine
    ZHANG Zhi-Xia, CHEN Yong-Feng, GU Qing-Hua
    2007, 37(08):  58-60+94. 
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    In view of the low efficiency in traditional production scheduling system of open-pit mine, the authors have developed a practical and efficient production scheduling system for  open-pit mines by adopting global positioning system(GPS) and combining the computer network technology，digital communication system, optimization theory and management information system, which can realize the management of traveling equipment through the functions such as acquisition and dynamic display of real-time data, state analysis of equipment, determination of dispatching plan, data processing, data inquire, statistics and generation, etc. It has solved the key problems including ore blending, GPS positioning error and traveling equipment positioning and been successfully applied in the practice, which is of great significance to the realization of open-pit mine automatic management.
    Study and Application of 3D Grid Data Structure
    LI Ming, WANG Shan-Dong, CHEN Pei-Fu
    2007, 37(08):  61-64. 
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    3D data structure is the focus in 3D GIS research. 3D grid data structure has gained wide application in fields such as digital image, digital elevation model, etc. The paper studies the 3D grid data structure from the aspects of grid coding, its spatial analysis, etc. It is exemplified by the study of a real deposit, which involves the techniques and method used for the spatial analysis by 3D grid data structure in the ore block modeling, reserve estimation in specified area, etc. Suggestions and prospect are also made for the future study and application of 3D data structure.
    Application of Borehole TV in Shaft Formation by Long-Hole Blasting
    LIU Xiao-Sheng, LIU You-Ping, 欧Ren-Ze
    2007, 37(08):  65-67. 
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    A mine used the technology of shaft formation by long hole blasting to construct a long raise. As the developed joint and fissures in local rockmass would seriously affect the blasting effect and efficiency, it was proposed to use borehole TV to take the un-impacted in-situ photograph of the internal wall of the borehole from the front and side angles for analyzing the stratum structure, joint and fissure and mapping the sectional drawing of the strata , which can make it possible to regulate the explosive charging structure and the blasting scheme according to the occurrence state of the structural plane so as to avoid the blasting accident and rapidly pass through the structural plane. The practice has shown that borehole TV-assisted shaft formation by long-hole blasting has the advantages of high visualization, low cost, safety and high efficiency.
    Research and Application of Automatic Spraying Technology of Ceramic Filter Membrane
    LIN Mei-Lian
    2007, 37(08):  68-70+96. 
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    Ceramic filter membrane has wide application prospect in many fields due to its excellent material performance and separation character. For many years, ceramic filter membrane has been sprayed manually, which has seriously restricted the product quality and production capacity. Tongdu Special Environment Protection Equipment Co., Ltd, through many years' research, has successfully for the first time applied the transformed glaze spraying technology for ceramic floor tiles to the spraying of ceramic filter membrane, which has achieved good technical and economic benefits and social benefit and provided the technical security for the large scale production of ceramic filter membrane and the development of high quality new type ceramic materials. The paper highlights the work principle, system design and application effect of the automatic spraying of ceramic filter membrane.
    Research on Product Configuration Technology Based on Product Family
    NI Jing, ZHONG Liang-Wei, YAN Guang-Le
    2007, 37(08):  71-73+85. 
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    A method of modeling the configuration structure of product family is proposed by using modularization technology and object-oriented method and in combination with the object characteristics. And based on the configuration rule of variables and object characteristics, a configuration strategy is given which adopts the arithmetic of preorder traversal of a tree to search for the configuration structural model, thus realizing a product configuration based on product family. The application of the method in the crushing-screening combined equipment system has proved its feasibility
    Prediction of Impact of Heshangqiao Iron Mine Construction on Environment and Countermeasures
    ZHU Qing-Shan
    2007, 37(08):  74-78. 
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    To work out appropriate measures for the ecological environment restoration in the development of Heshangqiao Iron Mine is a key step in the ecological mine construction of Nanshan Iron Mining area. GIS information forecast technology is used to forecast, simulate and analyze the possible impact of the development of Heshangqiao Iron Mine on the surrounding natural ecological environment, including the atmosphere, water, noise, etc. The measures for the ecological protection to be carried out simultaneously with the mine development are proposed through the forecast of the influence scope and degree.
    Study on Cleaner Production Assessment System for Mines
    WANG Bin, CHEN Jian-Hong
    2007, 37(08):  79-82+96. 
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    It is of great importance to establish the system of cleaner production assessment for the mining enterprises, which can provide the technical support and guidance for the mine cleaner production assessment and meanwhile promote a continuous development of the mine cleaner production technology so as to make the mining enterprises finally realize an integration of economic development and environmental protection. According to the characteristic of the mine cleaner production and by applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), an assessment index system with hierarchical structural model is established and also, an overall quantitative evaluation method is proposed based on fuzzy mathematic and the expert experiences, thus forming a mine cleaner production assessment system. The main problems in the present mine cleaner production are analyzed through real case calculation and the correspondent measures proposed.
    Comparison of Several Reclamation Modes for Land Discarded by Iron Mines around Anshan
    LIU Zhong-Min
    2007, 37(08):  83-85. 
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    Based on the investigation of the sample land plots, the effects of several reclamation modes used for the land discarded by the iron mines around Anshan City are compared. Several feasible reclamation modes for the iron mine waste land are summarized, such as direct planting of poplars in the tailing sands on the condition that the irrigation can be satisfied, poplar planting in earth-covered waste land, and dump slope reclamation by earth-fixing with willow frames.
    Comprehensive Recovery of Zinc Oxide from Huili Zinc Tailings
    LUO Xian-Ping, YAN Zhi-Ming, CHEN Hua-Qiang
    2007, 37(08):  86-89. 
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    To recover the zinc oxide mineral from the tailing of Huili Zinc Concentrator and in view of the high slime content of the tailing, laboratory test was made on the process consisting of desliming by tabling, desulfuration-floatation and sulfidization-flotation of zinc oxide mineral using a new type efficient collector ZP-50. As a result, a zinc oxide concentrate grading 36.04% with a recovery of 57.58% was obtained.
    Experiment Study on Producing Zinc Oxide from Residual Solution of Indium Extraction
    LIU Ping, TAO Zheng-Xiu, MA Shao-Jian
    2007, 37(08):  90-94. 
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    A pilot test was made on the production of zinc oxide from a waste solution of the indium smelting of a smeltery-the residual solution of indium extraction. The residual solution was treated first to neutralize its residual acid and to remove preliminarily the iron by air jetting method, and then purified in four stages using potassium permanganate and zinc power to remove the impurities such as residual iron, manganese, arsenic, antimony, copper, cadmium, etc. Then, sodium carbonate was added to precipitate the zinc and the resultant basic zinc carbonate was rinsed for three times and then dried, roasted and crushed to get a zinc oxide product. The testing indicates that the product reaches the standards for 1st grade industrial active zinc oxide product.