关键词: 地下水, 淋滤试验, 矿区, 环境演化

Abstract: Taking the Hengyuan coal mine in north of Anhui as study region, an indoor simulating leaching experiment was made to detect the mass concentration, PH and electrical conductivity of the pollutants, such as Na⁺, SO^2-₄, F^-, Fe, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness etc., in the leaching solution. And the pollutants' leaching rules and their simulation degradation powerful number curves which show their degradation with the increase of leaching amount were analyzed and studied. Results showed that in the leaching solution, the PH value was weakly changed, presenting neutral near to weak acidity, and compositions like SO^2-₄, F^-, Mn, etc. are beyond standard, while other heavy metals like Cr，Cu，Pb，Cd, etc. are invisible. In prophase of the leaching experiment, concentrations of some pollutants, such as Na⁺,TDS, total hardness etc., are very high. While in the later stage, along with the increase of leaching amount, the concentrations present a trend of degradation and toward steady, and their attenuation equations basically conform to the relation of power function. It is showed that the pollutants of the coal gangue have an impact on groundwater quality, and affect the evolution process of groundwater environment to a certain extent in leaching process.

Key words: Groundwater, Leaching experiment, Mining district, Environment evolution