Table of Content

08 June 2011, Volume 40 Issue 06

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Discussion on Description Methods of Rock Fracture Structure

LI Li, WANG Hong-Jiang, WANG Yi-Ming

2011, 40(06):  1-5. 

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This paper summarizes several description method of rock fracture at home and abroad and comprehensively reviews the research status of various description methods. It is discussed from two aspects of the macro rock structure plane tests and the numerical description based on digital image technology. The advantage and disadvantage, the apply range and the utilization extent of each method are introduced in detail from obtaining the surface feature of fracture structure in traditional 2D to simulating the fracture network in 3D, from the traditional manual measurement to the photogrammetry technology. This research is good to understand the underground deep rock structure well and bridge and supply a gap in research and practical application of rock mechanics theory. 

Experimental Research of Rapid Filling with Paste-like Coal Gangue

LIU Xiao-Ling, WANG Xin-Min, WU Peng

2011, 40(06):  6-8+35. 

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There exists a great quantity of coal resources under "Three Unders" in some coal mine. In order to maximize recovery of coal pillar and resolve the problem in coal gangue discharge, the experimental research on rapid filling of paste-like coal gangue is carried out. Based on the analysis of experimental results on the strength of backfilling and the setting time, the paper determined the optimum ratio, which met the intensity demand and owned a short setting time. The rapid filling with paste-like coal gangue is effective and environment-friendly. This method provides a valuable and technical support for recovering "Three Under" overstocked coal mine, with a promising prospect.

Analysis of Applicable Condition for Depressurized Mining of Medium-thick Orebody with Caving Method

WANG Wen-Jie

2011, 40(06):  9-12. 

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When the medium-thick ore-body is mined by depressurized mining method, it is not only to consider the depressurized effect, but to consider its mining technical and economic index. The influence factors of depressurized mining are analyzed, and the relationship between mining parameters and waste rock mixed rate is established according to the stope structure layout of depressurized mining. Then the applicable condition for medium-thick ore-body depressurized mining is ensured based on the permitted technical and economic index of mining, and the influence of stope structure parameters on technical and economic target is discussed. Based on the research above, a reliable way for determination of applicable condition for depressurized mining of medium-thick ore-body and the parameters optimization of the depressurized mining is provided.

Study on Mining Sequence and Ore-drawing Control Technique of High-stage Backfill Mining

XU Wen-Bin, SONG Wei-Dong, WAN Hai-Wen, WANG Wen-Xiao, WANG Wen-Jing

2011, 40(06):  13-15+28. 

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Based on geologic condition of Houguanyinshan ore-body in Masteel Gushan Mine, FLAC2D simulation soft is used to analyze the changes of stress, deformation and plasticity of wall rock caused by stage backfill mining. Then the change rule of stress, deformation and plasticity is obtained. Five mining sequence schemes are contrasted to determine the mining sequence of ore-room in panels. And ore-drawing order of the stage backfill mining is also put forward by referring to the granule mechanics, which can guide the practical production in mine.

Deep Rockburst Warning and Fault Water-Gushing Monitoring Based on Seismic Monitoring Technology

ZHANG Hai-Ming, DONG Shan

2011, 40(06):  16-19. 

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The phenomenon of rock burst appears while deep mining in Sanshandao Gold Mine. The dangers of instability and roof collapse are induced by rock burst in production area, which requires monitoring and early warning. Based on the test results of micro seismic monitoring system for monitoring the safety of deep gold mining, the technical approaches of pre-warning for deep rock burst at deep zone are studied based on the seismic monitoring, including the forecast of dangerous rock burst zone, security level of the stope based on the micro seismic monitoring, micro seismic monitoring of water inrush etc. The monitoring and early warning of deep mining are achieved through the comprehensive monitoring of the rock steady state and dynamics of the target area.

Numerical Simulation of Fluid-Solid Coupling of Wall-rocks in Stope and Parameters Optimization for Backfill Mining

南Shi-Qing , GE Hai-Yuan, GAO Qian-2

2011, 40(06):  20-24. 

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Sijiaying Iron Mine is the mine with complex hydro-geological conditions. To ensure the mining safety and protect the local hydrological environment of mine, the back-filling mining method was adopted to realize the annual capacity of 20 million tons of iron ores. There exist abundant Quaternary aquifers in the surface of southern district of the mine. The optimal design model is established in this district by the orthogonal numerical experiments of seepage-stress coupling. Through numerical simulation and optimization analysis, the effect of underground mining on the surface movement and the seepage field are revealed. For the back-filling method in southern district, the ground deformation can be controlled within the allowable range by adopting the mining structural parameters and filling strength obtained above. Amounts of potential water inflow mainly occurred in -450 m and -350 m section, which must be controlled by taking safety precautionary measures to avoid the water inrush disasters in stope.

Numerical Simulation on the Bolt-shotcrete Support Effect of Cave Tunnel Affected by Fault

CUI Fang, GAO Yong-Tao, WU Shun-Chuan

2011, 40(06):  25-28. 

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The bolt-shotcrete support is adopted to ensure the stability of wall rock by spraying the cement concrete and fixing the anchor rod. The design of the supporting parameters is the key figure on the stability of wall rock. Combining with Dahualing cave tunnel and the structural features of fault F1, and according to the fault crush belts' actual trend, occurrence and different included angle of the cave tunnel axis' in Dahualing tunnel, the rock-bolt supporting parameters and the thickness of cement concrete of the fault belt are designed by adopting the semi-empirical and semi-theoretical method. The effect of spraying anchor protection supporting of cave tunnel affected by the fault crush belts is numerically analyzed by using the software MIDAS/GTS. And the contrast analysis of sedimentation and the displacement of certain construction site are made before and after the support. After then, the structure condition and the engineering effect of the surrounding rock and support are discussed. The results show that the reasonable supporting parameters can effectively control the displacement of wall rock and protect its stability. This analysis method can be used as a reference for the design, construction and research of bolt support for similar tunnels.

Experimental Study on the Influence of Stress Path on Permeability of Coal Rocks

SHENG Guo-Jun, YIN Zhi-Jun, WANG Chun-Guang

2011, 40(06):  29-31+51. 

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According to the characteristic of in-situ stress redistribution of the coal surrounding rock caused by excavation, different stress on coal sample from Tunliu coal mine are jointed to investigate the coupled relation among permeability, stress and temperature under true tri-axial stress condition by using the test system of relative gas-liquid permeability of CGMS coal bed gas. The tests showed that the permeability of coal sample tends to decrease with the increase of stress and temperature, and Stress in different direction has different effect on permeability, which varies greatly. Temperature has less effect on the permeability significantly compared with the stress. Therefore, the relationship of permeability, stress and temperature is obtained and the effect of temperature and stress on permeability is theoretically analyzed.

The Application of Steel Fiber Concrete in Support of Soft Rock Roadway at Depth in the No.8 Hebi Coal Mine

WU Zhi-De, ZHOU Hong-Wei, LIU Jin-Feng, ZHANG Tao, SHI Jun-Ze

2011, 40(06):  32-35. 

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The whole mechanical properties between steel fiber concrete and plain concrete are compared and analyzed, and the mechanism of the crack resistance, reinforcement, and toughing of steel fiber are studied. According to the deformation characteristics of the deep soft rock roadway in No.8 Hebi Coal Mine, the factors for roadway deformation is analyzed. The approach of improving the overall mechanical properties through incorporation of fiber in plain concrete is proposed, which can adapt with the large deformation of soft rock roadway. The numerical model with FLAC3D is employed to compare the support schemes and a reasonable support scheme is put forward. The support scheme is practiced successfully at the middle section of 3105 tunnel of Hebi No.8 coal mine with the excellent technical and economic results obtained.

Numerical Analysis of Stability of Mined-out Area Underlying  an New Building

LI Bing-Lei, GAO Yong-Tao, YU Zheng-Xing, MI Jun-Fu

2011, 40(06):  36-38. 

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Taking mined-out area underlying new building 11^# belonging to Guye Branch in Tangshan as a case, the numerical analysis of buildings' stability above was proceeded by discrete element code(3DEC). According to the distribution and rock stratum information of mined-out area surveyed, 3-dementional numerical model was established by using the method from the whole to the individual, to analyze the stability of mined-out area with and without disposal. By simulation, the settlement of monitoring points is about 20cm without disposal, and the settlement of monitoring points is about 3.5cm under the condition of simulating the physical characteristics of grouting to treat the mined-out area. Simulation results show that the settlement is within the building settlement range after mined-out area disposed, and this provides a reference criterion for construction. 

Research on High Efficient Long Directional Drilling Process for Gas Drainage in Coal mine

XU Chao, LI Quan-Xin, LIU Jian-Lin, SHI Hai-Qi

2011, 40(06):  39-41+55. 

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Based on current status analysis of underground gas drilling technology of coal mine at home and abroad, the paper introduces the construction equipment and technology of a nearly horizontal directional long drilling for a coal seam. And the effects on gas drainage by the long seam directional drilling and the ordinary drilling for the coal seam are compared with a case, obtaining that the long directional drilling has some potential advantages. Meanwhile, the problems which affect the drilling efficiency and depth in construction of long nearly-horizontal directional drilling in China's coal mines are pointed out. To solve these problems, a long directional drilling technology and the key technique of branch drilling are proposed, and its effectiveness is finally verified through the field tests.

Numerical Simulation and Detection Study on the Height of Water Flowing Fractured Zone in Overburden Strata

LI Jia-Zhuo, FANG Qing-He, TAN Wen-Feng, LIU Kun, ZHUANG Qi-Heng

2011, 40(06):  42-45. 

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The mechanics model is established according to the mechanics parameters of rocks and the exploitation technical conditions of Qinqiu coal mine. By using 3-D explicit finite difference FLAC3D software, the situation of stress, displacement and failure are simulated from open-off cut to full mining to determine the height of water flowing fractured zone in overlying strata as the coalface advanced. That height is calculated by empirical formula and is detected on spot by drilling piecewise injection method. It is approved that the numerical simulation method can provide ideal prediction accuracy, thus providing a new, simple and reliable method to predict the height of water flowing fractured zone.  

Numerical Simulation on AE Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Rock based on Scale Effect

ZHAO Kang, WANG Jin-An

2011, 40(06):  46-51. 

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In order to study the AE(acoustic emission) temporal and spatial evolution and distribution in the failure process of different size rocks and its influence on the AE in failure process of rock, and according to the physic-mechanical parameters of a mine rock specimen, the AE temporal and spatial characteristics of rock under six kinds of different scales with the same homogeneity and ratio of height to diameter were studied by using numerical simulation software. The test results show that the larger AE events obviously occur before and after the formation of the main fracture for a smaller rock specimen, in which AE events transited from disorder in the whole specimen to nucleation in the middle of specimen at the phase of post-peak. For a larger rock specimen, few random AE events prior to peak stress and larger AE events with remarkable counts and energy nucleate and occur only after the peak stress, which is closely related to the discreteness of defects strength in different sizes of rock samples.

Project Characteristics of Underground Coal Mine Roadway in Deep Mining

LIU Chang-Wu, ZHOU Xiao-Ming, LI Xiao-Di

2011, 40(06):  52-55. 

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On the basis of systematically summarizing the relationship between mining engineering and other geotechnical engineering, the project characteristics of underground coal mine roadway in deep mining are analyzed comprehensively from four aspects such as space geometry, surrounding rock features, impact characteristics of mining and technical and economic characteristics etc..The stress re-distribution characteristics around the underground roadway in deep mining and the development process of roadway surrounding rock deformation affected by mining work are discussed emphatically, and the importance of interdisciplinary and technology communication are clarified.

Prediction of High Slope Blasting Vibration Based on Support Vector Machine

Ou Min , LIN Cong-Mou

2011, 40(06):  56-58. 

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Based on the blasting vibration data of a high rock slope in Quanzhou, and selecting the maximum dose of single-stage, horizontal distance, height difference as impact factors, the process of training and cross-validation and final prediction is made by jointing with support vector machineSVM) and traditional methods. It is confirmed that the support vector machine theory can predict the velocity of blasting vibration well. This research result provides a way to improve the prediction accuracy of blasting vibration. 

Research on Tailings' Cementation and Discharging Technology

HOU Yun-Bing, TANG Jie, WEI Shu-Xiang

2011, 40(06):  59-62. 

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The tailing's cementation and discharging technology is adopted to deal with the mine tailings of Xishimen iron ore, so that tailings dam does not need to build. The cementation of tailings mainly includes the process of pumping sand, adding cementation material, tailings' dehydrating, and piling after dehydration. Through the laboratory tests and the industrial experiments, the applicable cementation material is optimized and the mixing ratio and the technical parameters of dehydration equipment are obtained. According to the results, the systematic optimal plan of tailings cementation and discharging system with capacity of 500,000 t/a is put forward. According to the tests and calculation, the overall costs of tailings' cementation and discharging of Xishimen iron ore are lower than the costs of discharging tailings. In addition, this technology does not require the construction of the tailings dams, meanwhile it can also treat the collapse area, with great economic and social benefits brought.

Research on the Underground Pressure Behavior Laws of Reserving Space for Lane along the Tunnel by Self-filling with Breakage Wastes

BAI Lan-Yong

2011, 40(06):  63-66. 

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The technology of reserving space for lane along the tunnel by self-filling with breakage wastes in the working face is tested and investigated through the special support of integrating the forced roof-cut and protecting side-slope with the waste rock, associating with the mining technical condition and occurrence condition of coal seam in the haulage roadway of 1528 working face of Gequan mine. Based on a great deal of comparative analysis and field measurements, the deformation of tunnel's roof and floor and two-side wall rocks affected by the twice repeated mining is investigated, obtaining the main factors for the deformation law of wall rocks in tunnel. This provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the actual application of the technology of reserving space for lane along the tunnel by self-filling with breakage wastes.

Depressing Performance of 2,4-dihydroxy-benzoic Acid to Hematite and Quartz

LIU Wen-Gang, WEI De-Zhou, WANG Xiao-Hui, CUI Bao-Yu

2011, 40(06):  67-70. 

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The depressing performance of 2,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid to hematite and quartz was studied via single mineral flotation and the results show that it has better depression to quartz, but less affect on hematite. When the pH of pulp is 8.4 with 30.4 mg/L of sodium oleate as collector and 40.2 mg/L of 2,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid as depressant, iron concentrate grading at 64.03% with a 90.66% iron recovery was obtained from the artificial mixed ores(mixing ratio at 3:2) of hematite and quartz. The Zeta potentials measurements and FTIR spectra analysis showed that the depressing performance of 2,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid to the surface of quartz mainly relies on the hydrogen-bonding adsorption.

Experimental Study on the Microwave Magnetic Roasting and Low Intensity Magnetic Separation of Limonite Ores

CHEN Bin, YI Ling-Yun, PENG Hu, YANG Jun, HUANG Zhu-Cheng

2011, 40(06):  71-73+77. 

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Taking limonite of Henan Yima as reducing agent, the experiments of microwave magnetic roasting & low magnetic separation of a certain limonite ore from Indonesia was carried out, by which the influences of microwave heating time, grinding time and magnetic field intensity were studied respectively. The results show that under the fixed conditions of microwave power of 1 kW when the roasting for 45 min (the final temperature at 840 ℃), grinding fineness of 97.17% ~200 mesh (-325 mesh of 82.03%, -400 mesh of 64.15%) for roasted ores, and the magnetic field strength of 150 kA/m with addition of 5.4% the reducing agent, Fe concentrate with Fe grade of 57.28% and Fe recovery of 83.95% were obtained. It is found during the experiments that the products after microwave heating and roasting can easily be ground very fine.

Beneficiation Test on Guanyingshan Qingsha Siderite Ore

YU Rong-Gao, YANG Da-Bing, TANG Qing-Hua, ZHANG Dong-Sheng, WU Ming

2011, 40(06):  74-77. 

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In order to make use of the siderite resources in Guanyingshan district of Guizhou province, the beneficiation tests of gravity separation-high intensity magnetic separation and the magnetic roasting-low intensity magnetic separation on this ore is carried out. The results showed that only the process of gravity separation and magnetic separation can not obtain the qualified iron concentrate. Under conditions of roasting temperature at 850 ℃ for 60 min, the dosage of reducing agent of 4%, the final grinding fineness of -325 mesh 80%, and the magnetic intensity of 150 mT, iron concentrate with Fe grade of 64.41%, S and P content of 0.19% and 0.024% and Fe recovery of 87.41% were obtained by the process of magnetic roasting-two-stage grinding-two-stage low intensity magnetic separation for Guanxinshan siderite ores.

Study on the Flotation Performance of Quartz and Magnetite with Gemini Collector

ZOU Wen-Bo, XIA Liu-Yin, ZHONG Hong

2011, 40(06):  78-80+92. 

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Through the flotation tests of single mineral, the flotation performance of quartz and magnetite were investigated with Gemini collector Gemini-31503 and the lauryl amine as collector respectively. The results showed that Gemini collector 31503 had better collecting ability to quartz in a wide pH range and good selectivity in quartz, and its performance was much superior to the lauryl amine. With the Gemini-31503 used as collector, the reverse flotation tests on the artificial mixed ores of quartz and magnetite were made, obtaining good separation index without any other reagents added. The Zeta potential measurements and infrared spectroscopy results showed that Gemini-31503 adsorption on the two minerals surface is mainly electrostatic adsorption. Under the same conditions, Gemini-31503 adsorption on quartz surfaces is higher than that on the magnetite. 

The Beneficiation Study on a Certain Copper-bearing Oolitic Hematite

LUO Yong-Ji, XIAO Jun-Hui

2011, 40(06):  81-85+96. 

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Iron minerals in a copper-iron ore in the region of western Sichuan mainly exists in form of oolitic hematite,and copper is mainly associated with copper oxide, so the process of chlorination segregation -flotation-low intensity magnetic separation was adopted for this ore. The results showed that under conditions of sodium chloride and coke dosage of 7% respectively, segregation temperature at 950 ℃ for 60 min, following by chlorination segregation and roasting, copper concentrate with Cu grade of 19.64%, and Fe recovery of 82.41% were obtained by the process of one roughing-two cleaning flotation. Then for tailings, iron concentrate with Fe grade of 65.86%, and Fe recovery of 78.62% were obtained by one low intensity magnetic separation.

Research on the Process for Conventional Leaching and Oxidation Leaching of Indium Sulfide

WEI Yan-Song, MA Chen, LI Xuan-Hai

2011, 40(06):  86-88+96. 

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By using the synthetic Indium sulfide to simulate the actual indium sulfide, the leaching effect and leaching process conditions of indium sulfide with the conventional leaching method and the oxidation leaching of potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant in sulfuric acid leaching system were studied. The results showed that under conditions of the stirring speed at 800 r/min, particle size of 75 ~ 96 μm, the liquid-solid ratio of 300∶1, the temperature at 80 ℃, and initial concentration of sulfuric acid of 2.0 mol/L for leaching 60 min, the leaching rate of indium arrived at 84.9% by the conventional leaching method. Under the same conditions, the leaching rate reached 94.9% or 92.8% by adding oxidant KMnO₄ or H₂O₂ to realize oxidation leaching only for 20 min. At temperature <70 ℃, the oxidant plays a major role, where the effect of potassium permanganate is more obvious than the that of hydrogen peroxide; At temperature> 70 ℃, the temperature effect plays a leading rule, and the impact of the two oxidants are less different.

Study on Sulfuric Acid Leaching Kinetics of Indium Sulfide at Normal Pressure

LI Xuan-Hai, MA Chen, FENG Yu, PAN Ying-Xia, YU Lin-Hua, JIANG Juan-Juan, WEI Zheng-Guang

2011, 40(06):  89-92. 

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Taking the synthetic indium sulfide to simulate the actual one, the sulfuric acid leaching kinetics of indium sulfide at normal pressure were investigated by surveying the leaching rate of indium in different particle size, reaction temperature, acidity and different leaching time. The results indicated that the leaching process fit for Avrami equation as grain parameter was 0.576. It was jointly controlled by the diffusion and reaction of chemistry. Since the reaction of chemistry is fast, the diffusion reaction should be intensified to improve the leaching rate of indium.

Separate Flotation Experimental Study on a Gold Ore Slime

DONG Jie, CAO Yi-Jun, LIU Yang, HUANG Gen

2011, 40(06):  93-96. 

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The gold content in slime after washing, classification and concentration at the crushing stage in a Shandong gold processing plant is equivalent to that in raw ores. But its extremely fine crushing made the flotation performance worse in flotation system. Therefore, the flotation tests were carried out by adopting the flotation machine and the cyclonic-static micro-bubble flotation column separately. The results showed that with the flotation machine, qualified concentrate with average gold grade of 90.73 g/t and average gold recovery of 77.91% was obtained from the slime by the process of one-roughing, one-cleaning and two-scavenging; With the cyclonic-static micro-bubble flotation column, qualified concentrate with average gold grade of 98.43 g/t and average gold recovery of 87.93% was achieved by the process of one-roughing and one-cleaning. The cyclonic-static micro-bubble flotation column can not only realize a better separation index, but reduce two-scavenging works than the flotation machine.

Technical Reform for Recycling Tungsten Slime in Xingluokeng Tungsten

GUO Jie-Qing

2011, 40(06):  97-100. 

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Due to higher costs at and more difficulty in tungsten slime recovery in Ninghua Xingluokeng Tungsten dressing plant with lower economic benefit, the new process of desliming-desulphurization-flotation in normal temperature-clean separation with centrifuge replaced the original process of desulphurization-bulk flotation of scheelite and wolframite-separation of scheelite and wolframite by flotation, magnetic separation and gravity separation. In the case of a similar concentrate grade, the new process improved the system operation recovery and recovery of raw ores by 43.91% and 6.91 % respectively and decreased the costs at agents and electric power by 69.51%, which successfully resolved the technical difficulties in tungsten slime recovery.

Experimental Study on the Flotation of JISCO Huashugou Copper Ores with Ester-105

WANG Cai-Hong

2011, 40(06):  101-103+108. 

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Through the laboratory tests and semi-industrial beneficiation tests, the flotation effect of JISCO Huashugou Copper Ores with Ester-105 as collector was investigated, and then it was compared with that with butyl xanthate. The results showed that under the same flotation process, copper concentrate grade by Ester -105 reached 22.51% and improved by 3.72% comparing with butyl xanthate. Moreover, Ester-105 has advantages of simple reagent system, low cost pharmacy, and good water quality in tailings, thus it is recommended as collector in beneficiation of Huashugou copper ore. The research result has been used as a basis for the dressing plant design of Huashugou copper mine.

Research on Influence of the Alkalinity and the Fuel Flux to the Intensity of Hematite Pellets

ZHU De-Qing, SHEN Wen-Jun, PAN Jian, CHUN Tie-Jun

2011, 40(06):  104-108. 

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Due to the low intensity of hematite pellets, the influences of the alkalinity, the fuel flux and their interactions on the intensity of hematite pellet were studied, taking a Brazilian hematite concentrate as research target. The results showed that when preparing flux magnesium-bearing hematite pellet, the compression strength of preheated pellets and roasted pellet were significantly improved under the alkalinity of 0.3~1.2.When preparing the acidic magnesium hematite pellet with fuel flux, the intensity of preheated pellets was improved but the compressive strength of roasted pellets were less affected with the coke ratio of less than 1.0%. When preparing the fluxed magnesium hematite pellets with the fuels, the intensity of roasted pellets was greatly improved with the coke ratio of less than 1.5% and pellet alkalinity at 0.9.  Thus, the preparation of fluxed magnesium hematite pellet with fuel is an effective way to improve the intensity of hematite pellets.

Research on the Influence Factors for Viscosity of High Phosphorus Oolitic Hematite of Western Hubei

WANG Bin, LI Mao-Lin, CUI Rui, ZHU Ye

2011, 40(06):  109-112. 

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In order to provide a reference for studying how to improve ultrafine grinding efficiency of high phosphorus oolitic hematite in western Hubei province, the influences of ore fineness, pulp density, pulp temperature and shear rate to the viscosity of high phosphorus oolitic hematite were investigated. The results showed that the slurry viscosity of high phosphorus oolitic hematite increased with the concentration of the slurry raised and mineral particle fining exponentially. For the coarse ore, the temperature had less effect on the slurry viscosity; For the fine ore, the slurry viscosity declined linearly with temperature gradually increased. As the shear rate increased, the slurry viscosity fell and dropped greatly at the early stages of shear rate decrease. The test results indicated that when the high phosphorus oolitic hematite was ground to be ultra-fine, it is not suitable for exceeding to 50% for the slurry concentration. Meanwhile appropriate increase of the grinding speed will help to reduce the slurry viscosity and improve grinding efficiency.

The Characteristic of Geogas particles from Daheishan Basalt Copper Deposit in Huize County of Yunnan

CAO Jian-Jin, LIU Chang, ZHANG Peng, LI Yi-Peng, XIONG Zhi-Hua

2011, 40(06):  113-115. 

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Geogas particles have been sampled from Daheishan basalt copper deposit in the Huize county of Yunnan and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the geogas particles from this deposit are iron, copper and calcium oxide particles, as well as sodium chloride, kaolinite, and calcite particles. These particles may be used as a signal for prospecting the concealed ore-body of this type of deposit. 

Layout Mode and Data Processing of Mountain Surface Movement Observation Station

WANG Gang, GUO Guang-Li, LI Ling

2011, 40(06):  116-119. 

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According to the demands and characteristics of surface movement observation for research on the mountain surface subsidence, the paper studies the layout mode, observation program and data processing of mountain surface observation station by taking its advantages of GPS-RTK in sampling. In view of the problems in layout and data processing of the traditional observation station of mountain surface movement, a new method for the observation and data processing is put forward.

Application of GAK-1 Gyro-theodolite to Downhole Orientation of Uranium-mine

ZHU Yu-Feng, LIU Yang, LU Tie-Ding, WANG Wei-Zhong

2011, 40(06):  120-122+152. 

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In order to strengthen the direction control of underground wire, reduce the cumulative effects of angle-measuring error by long-distance penetrative wire and ensure transfixion precision, the Gyro-theodolite is used to orient the downhole traverse sides. The paper introduced Switzerland WILD GAK-1 Gyro-theodolite, and presented a case to orientate downhole traverse by reversal point method of Gyro-theodolite. This method improved the directional precision of roadway and analyzed some issues in the orientation. 

On-site Pressure Testing of Seamless Tube for Pulp Pipeline of Baotou Steel

TAN Jun-Qing, ZHANG Li-Ping

2011, 40(06):  123-126+132. 

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Through series of procedure such as pigging, ball passing, caliper measure, water injection, pressure testing and drainage, the tests on the ultimate bearing capacity of self-produced seamless tube in project of pulp pipeline of Baotou Iron and Steel Corporation are carried out. The results indicate that the tube stock and the welded junction can satisfy with the requirement of working pressure and yielding strength, and especially can meet the required value of maximum transient pressure. It can ensure the operation of pipeline to be safety. 

Experimental Research on Functional Principle of the Yielding Anchor BoltsCables) and its Mechanical Property

LIU Bo-Tao, GAO Ming-Shi, YAN Gao-Feng, YUAN De-Jiang

2011, 40(06):  127-129. 

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Many breakings in anchor bolts and cables in tunnel of deep soft rock were one of problems faced by roadway supporting. Based on the conditions without changing the specifications and material of supporting, the yield supporting device of anchor bolts and cables was invented. The functional principle of the yield supporting device was analyzed, that the reserved compression in yield supporting device can protect anchor bolts and cables from broken. At the same time, it could keep high resistance and yield supporting to constraint the surrounding rock deformation. The experimental research on the mechanical property of the yield supporting device was based on the MTS815.02 Rock Mechanics Test System, By using the method of given deformation, the experiment adopted the displacement-controlled modes with the speed of 0.05 mm/s to test the mechanical properties of three groups of the yield supporting device. The tests results indicated that these three groups of devices could respectively match with common anchor bolts, cables of φ17.8 mm and cables of φ18.9 mm for use.

Discussion on the Application of TSP Technology in Mine Shaft Excavation and Mining Production

SHANG Yi-Jun, REN Gao-Feng, LI Xiao-Hu, ZHANG Ying, YUAN Yue-Qi, LEI Chun-Ying

2011, 40(06):  130-132. 

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The paper discussed the application of TSP technology in geological prediction of mine shaft excavation and mining production process, and provided useful information for the upcoming roadway excavation, the geological structure within the ore body and its surrounding geological conditions. The mechanical parameters of rock was assessed by the matching software TSP win to obtain two-dimensional and three-dimensional stratigraphic change images, the velocity of the transverse waves and longitudinal waves in rock mass, rock mass density, Poisson's ratio and elastic modulus of rock mass etc.. Then the grade of surrounding rock, length and spatial location can be obtained to predict the spatial distribution, and the scale and type of poor geological bodies, such as faults, karsts and water content. All these can offer the basis and parameters for the advance support and lining, and provide the construction programs and solutions for the construction of different location and poor geological bodies and mining production.

Comparative Analysis of Blasting Vibration Signal Characteristics betweenHigh Precision Detonator and Ordinary Detonator

XIA Chen-Xi, YANG Jun, CHEN Da-Yong, LI Shun-Bo

2011, 40(06):  133-136. 

Asbtract ( 1785 )  

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Based on the experimental data of blasting vibration from ordinary detonators and high precision detonators, the wavelet packet analysis is adopted to extract the energy distribution features of blasting vibration signal. The frequency distribution, different band energy features of high precision detonators and ordinary detonator vibration signal are contrasted and studied. The results show that the high accuracy detonators can reduce blasting vibration. The vibration signal of high precision detonators are narrow in frequency distribution, and more than 90 percent of all energy focuses on 0~100 Hz. Low frequency energy occupies about 75%~90% of the total energy in 0~50 Hz. Attention on the effect of energy in 0~4 Hz on the buildings should be paid, and vibration speed can not be considered as a only way to determine the impact of blasting vibration on building structures.

Design Scheme Optimization of Deep Mining Ventilation System in Yunxi Laochang Mine

YU Wen-Zhang, DAI Xiao-Jiang, JI Xian-Wei, WANG Xiao-Dong

2011, 40(06):  137-139+148. 

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The theory and its features of the grey relation projection with multi-objective decision-making are introduced and described. Taking wind pressure, equivalent orifice, feature ventilation airflow, annual power costs for air and fan acquisition expenses as the index set, the objective analysis and optimization on the possible design scheme of deep mining ventilation system in Yunxi Laochang Mine are made to get an optimal scheme. Then, the ventilation effect is improved obviously and costs are lowered after the implementation of the scheme. The practical application shows that the projection method is scientific, effective and feasible in optimization of mine ventilation system.

Application of Fault Tree to Risk Analysis of Blasting Flying Stones in Open-pit Mine

ZHOU Yin, ZHANG Jian-Hua

2011, 40(06):  140-142+148. 

Asbtract ( 2013 )  

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The security systems engineering fault tree analysis method is applied to comprehensively analyze the effect factors on large open metal mine blasting fly stone accident, and draw out the accident tree analysis figure of blasting fly stone. Then, the quantitative calculation based on this foundation is made to get structure importance of blasting fly stone accident, and to analyze the causes and law of blasting fly stone accident, thus providing a scientific basis for the future blasting design, construction and blasting security management. Meanwhile, the main factors which affect blasting fly stone accident are found out, and the corresponding prevention measures are proposed.

Discussion on Flood Peak Flow Calculation Method of Small Westershed for Mine Tailing Pool of Gulch Area

FU Li-Nie, XIA Ji-Sheng, CHEN Pei-Yan

2011, 40(06):  143-145. 

Asbtract ( 2424 )  

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Due to the complex terrain in gulch area, and mostly mountainous terrain in the area of water collection with fast collecting flow speed, it is essential to consider the volume of small watershed's flood peak flow in choosing and designing of tailing pool in gulch area. After studying the flood peak flow calculation method adopted generally at present, the calculation formula of small watershed's flood peak flow suiting to the gulch area is selected. Meanwhile, taking the mine tailing pool in a certain gulch area of Yunnan province for example, the field calculation on the flood peak flow is carried out. With the actual survey, the calculation result approaches the actual situation. This calculation method is worthy of popularizing in other gulch area.

Identification Technology about Spontaneous Combustion Tendency of Sulfide Ores

HU Wen-Zhi, XIE Zhen-Hua, ZHAO Jun

2011, 40(06):  146-148. 

Asbtract ( 1536 )  

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The identification model for spontaneous combustion tendency of sulfide ores was established based on BP neural network. This model selected the quantity of oxygen absorption, the self-heating starting temperature and specific surface area of the sulfide ores as the input layer units, and the level of spontaneous combustion tendency as the output layer. Then, it was realized by using MATLAB software, and then applied to the actual identification on the spontaneous combustion tendency of sulfide ores, with correct and reliable predicting results obtained.

Research on the Dynamic Evaluation Method of Sustainable Development in Mining  Area

ZHANG Jin-Shan, QIAO Da-Liang

2011, 40(06):  149-152. 

Asbtract ( 1512 )  

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Based on the actual development of China's mining background and relevant research results at home and abroad, the paper discusses a number of complex issues in the sustainable development in mining areas. The mining system consists of five sub-systems including resources, environment, economy, population and the technology, and the complex relationship of positive feedback and negative feedback exist in each sub-system and the internal elements of sub-system. Then, the simulation model of the complex system and the assisted prediction model for mining area are established, which proposes a new method for dynamic evaluation of sustainable development in mining area.

Study on Tests of Magnetic Flocculation Technique for Thickening Overflow of Copper Concentrate from a Copper-molybdenum Dressing Plant

XU Tao, SUN Chun-Bao, MI Li-Ping, ZHOU Feng, ZENG Hui-Feng, WANG Ran, ZHANG Yin-Ping

2011, 40(06):  153-155+158. 

Asbtract ( 1651 )  

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In order to remove the suspension substance in the thickening overflow of copper concentrate from a copper-mulynium dressing plant for recycling, the magnetic flocculation tests were made. The tests results showed that under the conditions of PAC dosage of 250g/t, PAM dosage of 0.25g/t, magnetic powder of 2500g/t, the SS removal rate reached 97% and its turbidity decreased to 4NTU by the magnetic flocculation technique, and its efficiency can be highly improved, comparing with the traditional coagulation process. 

Practice of Residual Ore Recovery of Isolation Layer in Hongtoushan Mine

JIANG Hong-Bo, ZHAO Xing-Zhu, XU Da-Peng

2011, 40(06):  156-158. 

Asbtract ( 1800 )  

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For recovering residual ores in isolation layer, based on research on regional ground pressure and the destruction of fillings, the combination of slice support and drifted mining was adopted, the different safety supporting was flexibly applied in different regions with individual actual situation. This scheme realized a safe and high efficient recovery of mineral resources in exploration of isolation layer in No.1 mining area of -627 m middle section, and No.5 mining area of -527 m middle section.

Beneficiation Experiment on Recovery of Pyrite and Arsenic from the Pb-Zn Tailings of Tin Poly-metallic Ores

YE Xue-Jun, CHEN Xiao-Fang

2011, 40(06):  159-161+168. 

Asbtract ( 1499 )  

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In order to prevent the loss of sulfur and arsenic from the Pb-Zn tailings of Tin poly-metallic sulfide ores, the beneficiation tests on this tailing were carried out to comprehensively recover sulfur and arsenic. The results showed that by the process of low intensity magnetic separation-bulk flotation of sulfur and arsenic-the flotation separation of sulfur-arsenic, sulfur concentrate with S grade of 43.14%, Arsenic content of 0.56% and S recovery of 64.12%, and arsenic concentrate with arsenic grade of 12.08% and arsenic recovery of 86.79% were obtained with the high-efficient depressant Y-As during the flotation separation of sulfur and arsenic. This method can achieve the effective separation and recovery of sulfur and arsenic.

Research of Process Mineralogy and Comprehensive Utilization of Meishan Steel Slag

WANG Zhong-Qing, LIU An-Ping, LI Wen

2011, 40(06):  162-164+168. 

Asbtract ( 1598 )  

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Through the process mineralogy studies, the chemical composition, mineral composition, the occurrence and disseminated characteristics of Ca and Fe of Meishan steel slag were identified. On this basis, two tests on the comprehensive utilization of steel slag were carried out: one was based on the basic properties of steel slag to carry out the tests of treating acid wastewater from sulfuric acid plant with steel slag, but no good result was obtained; The other was based on the compositions of steel slag to make tests of steel slag as the iron corrective agent for cement, which achieved good effect, thus providing an effective way for comprehensive utilization of Meishan steel slags.

Study on Preparation of Backfilling Cementitious Material with Industrial Waste

WANG Bin-Yun, CHANG Jun, YE Zheng-Mao

2011, 40(06):  165-168. 

Asbtract ( 1511 )  

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In order to lower high cost in mine backfilling, the effect of calcium carbide slag on the properties of backfilling cementitious material was studied by tests of preparing backfilling cementitious material with industrial waste, such as steel slag and mine slag, as the main component. The mineral composition and morphology of backfilling cementitious material were analyzed by XRD and SEM. The results showed with the addition of 15% calcium carbide slag, the 3 d and 28 d compressive strength of backfilling cementitous materials were 16.1 MPa and 38.6 MPa, and improved by 34.7% and 26.3% respectively comparing that without calcium carbide slag mixed. With the addition of 25% mine slag instead of steel slag, its 3 d and 28 d compressive strength reached 26.4 MPa and 48.3 MPa, and increased by 63.9 % and 28.5% respectively comparing that without the mine slag samples mixed. Moreover, the setting time was reduced.