Table of Content

15 March 2013, Volume 42 Issue 03

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Application of Model Material PRCM in Simulation Experiment on Slope Stability

LAI Xing-Ping, DAN Peng-Fei, REN Fen-Hua, CAO Jian-Tao, MIAO Sheng-Jun, ZHANG Te-Hua

2013, 42(03):  1-5. 

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The reliability and accuracy of physical simulation experiment are directly influenced by the mechanical properties of model materials. In order to achieve new materials with small scale and similar as metamorphite，PRCM model material is developed and standard specimens are prepared to make further research on the mechanical parameters of the model materials. The quantitative relationships between PRCM′s proportion and uniaxial compressive strength and the effects of water on PRCM are clear. This PRCM was applied into a 3D physical simulation experiment for high-steep slope stability of Shuichang Iron Mine with satisfied results obtained.

Research of Cementing Filling Scheme for a Goaf

WANG Yu-Bo, WANG Yun-Min, Wang-Bin, Yang-Yong-Sheng

2013, 42(03):  6-8+89. 

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In view of the complex engineering & geological condition of a goaf during transition from open pit to underground mining，the orthogonal experiment is used for the design of the goaf and open pit′s backfilling scheme. Based on the stability analysis and economic comparisons of each backfilling scheme，the final backfilling scheme of goaf and open pit is given，and the impact of the backfilling on the third period project is pointed out. The research plays a guiding significance for the cementing filling of goaf under complex engineering geological conditions.

Prediction of Surrounding Rock Deformation Modulus of Roadway Base on GA-BPNN

WANG De-Yong, YUAN Yan-Bin, CHEN Ying

2013, 42(03):  9-13. 

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The effectiveness of the genetic algorithm (GA) in the design and BPNN structure optimization and its application in the prediction of rock mass deformation modulus was researched. GA is used to find out the optimal number of neurons in the hidden layer and learning factor and momentum factor of the hidden layer and output layer，and then compared with the trial-and-error process. 76 groups of data sets derived from the actual roadway were used to validate this method. With performance criteria such as MSE，MAE and R，it is proved that GA-BPNN model is better than BPNN trial-and-error model in the prediction of rock mass deformation modulus.

Synthetic Reinforcement and Drainage Technology for Low-strength Easily-weathered Broken Open-pit Slope

HAN Bin, YI Hai-Bao, Zheng-Lu-Jing, LI Jia-Meng, SHEN Xian-Ling

2013, 42(03):  14-17. 

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The rock mass of Jinfeng open pit has the characteristics of low-strength，easily-weathered and mudding with water.In accordance with the principle of partition supporting，integrated reinforcement measures consisting of mesh+ long cable bolts，long cable bolts+ steel stripe，mesh supporting，anti-slide pile and HDPE membranes to protect slopes were applied with the total supporting area of up to 52 500 m2.Ditches built at the surface and holes drilled through slopes can effectively drain water on the slopes.This method can make the slope angle of the mine and the total slope angle respectively reaching 55°~65° and 34°~40°，while slope height exceeding 275 m，successfully realizing the steep mining of low-strength and easily-weathered broken deep open-pit.Simultaneously，combining with years of engineering practice，the slope supporting effects of various reinforcement methods are elaborated and their applicability are evaluated objectively.

Characteristics of Leaching Kinetics of a Sandstone Uranium Deposit in Yili Basin

CHEN Liang, TAN Kai-Xuan, LIU Jiang, XIE Yan-Shi, HUANG Wei, MA Qiang

2013, 42(03):  18-20+38. 

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The main aim of study on leaching kinetics is to reveal details of the leaching，and to improve it.Characteristics of leaching kinetics of a sandstone uranium deposit have been analysised in Yili Basin.The reaction rate of uranium leaching are controlled mainly by diffusion，as well as surface chemical reaction.Detailed analysis of grain size characteristics of uranium-bearing layers of the sandstone uranium deposit is very necessary，which can provide significant references for using in-situ leaching technique reasonably and technical and economic evaluation for the deposite.Enhancing concentration of leaching solution can promote leaching rate and resoures recovery rate of uranium to some extent.

Research on the Thickness of Artificial Key Filling Layer in Small Pit Goaf

ZHU Jian-Ming, JIANG Wang-Long

2013, 42(03):  21-24. 

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The cementation self-reliance strength theory of previous filling is modified and the calculation formula for artificial key filling layer's thickness is derived to get more economic and reasonable the key filling thickness.Based on making sure the production safety in working faces，the slicing and filling can has a positive effect on costs saving.Meanwhile，it can also provide an effective way for realizing the recovery of coal resources from the damaged area of small pits.

Influence of the Karst Fissure Occurrence on Construction and Water Plugging of Curtain Grouting

GAO Xue-Tong, LIU Dian-Feng, JIANG Peng-Fei

2013, 42(03):  25-28. 

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With the help of curtain grouting engineering of Nanlizhuang Iron Mine，through the drilling core fissures' statistics，the impact of three fissures occurrences such as the horizontal，oblique and vertical karst fissure occurrences on grouting diffusion effect were analyzed.Combined with the structural development characteristics of the mining area，the influence of the combination of curtain line and karst fissures on the grouting construction and engineering quality was evaluated.The study provides the basis for the design and construction of similar projects and water plugging evaluation.

Application of Numerical Simulation to Stope Parameters Selection of the Slicing and Backfilling Mining Method

YANG Jia-Mian, LIU Ren-恩, WANG Xing

2013, 42(03):  29-31+35. 

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The secure，economic and reasonable stope parameters are selected through computer numerical simulation aiming at the on-site practice of gently inclined hard-to-mine ore-body in Cangshan Iron Mine.

Impact of Advanced Leading Conduit Grouting on Stability of Soft Rock Tunnel

YU Yong-Qiang, CHEN Tian-恩, ZHANG Wen-Xin

2013, 42(03):  32-35. 

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Taking a certain circular tunnel as an engineering example，the numerical simulations on the surrounding rock pre-reinforcing with and without advanced leading conduit grouting during tunnel construction are carried out by FLAC3D，and the distributions of displacement field and plastic zone of soft rocks in these two cases are obtained.The results show that the tunnel deformation is effectively contro#ed by adopting the advanced leading conduit grouting.It is safe to perform the advanced leading conduit grouting in this tunnel，which offers reference to the safe construction of soft rock tunnel.

Numerical Simulation on the Three-dimensional Flow Field of a Valley-type Tailings Pond

CAO Ji-Gang, LE Tao

2013, 42(03):  36-38. 

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The deposition law of tailings in tailings pond is complex and ever-changing, which makes tailing seepage field more complicated.The method of three dimensional flow field is more applicable on seepage flow characteristic simulation of the tailings.The three dimensional seepage finite element method is used to simulate the seepage field high status and the final level of tailings pond, which has a significant guidance for tailing pond's later security management.

Mining Method and Stability Analysis of Barrier Pillar of Dongguashan Copper Mine

WANG Hong-Tao, SUI Shao-Fei

2013, 42(03):  39-41. 

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In Dongguashan copper mine，the large diameter deep hole mining method with subsequent backfilling is adopted，and many stopes are working at the same time，and gob is filled with the full tailings cementing once. Then，the numerical calculation software is used to simulate the three kinds of stope structural parameters to analyze the stope stability. The calculation results show that the longer the stope length and width are，the larger the maximum principal stress inside the surrounding rock is. When the stope width is 14 m，the length is 28 m，and permanent pillar thickness is 4 m，the stope plastic area is minimum，which is determined as the final stope structural parameter of the barrier pillar to realize its safe and efficient mining.

Research on Calculation Method and Drainage Mechanism of Slotted Pipe in Fine-grained Tailings Dam

JIN Song-Li, XU Hong-Da, ZHANG Wei, YAN Hao, WU Ze-Xiang

2013, 42(03):  42-44+48. 

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Slotted pipe drainage is a new drainage technology of tailings dam. Based on Darcy′s seepage law，mass conservation law，drainage and depressurization principle of filter layer，the calculation method and drainage mechanism of slotted pipe are explored by theoretical analysis and summarizing the previous studies. The system′s equivalent radius of the filter layer and the general seepage draining equation are deduced by establishing the theoretical calculation model. Then，the rationality of the theoretical research is verified through engineering examples.

Research of Dispersions Bedding′s Safety Thickness in Processing Deposits with Induced Caving

CAO Jian-Li, REN Feng-Yu

2013, 42(03):  45-48. 

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Reduced caving technology was a new method to treat the mined-out area. In this method，the dispersions bedding was used to separate the space connection between the working face and the mined-out area to prevent from the injury of impact air waves. Through summarizing the successful experience of preventing the injury of impact air waves with dispersions bedding，the formula to count the minimum thickness of the dispersions bedding was obtained. The dispersions beddings′ thickness of four deposits in Shujigou iron mine were calculated through the formula obtained above according to the actual situation of four medium mined-out areas at field No.2 and the specific technical measures were proposed to prevent the injury of impact air waves. The minimum thickness of dispersions bedding and the technical measures were proved effective through the implementation of the program.

Optimization of Mineral Industry Indicators of Sandaozhuang Open Pit

HE Ya-Qing, ZHANG Xin-Guang, YANG Jian-Min, CHEN Feng-Qun, HUANG Chao

2013, 42(03):  49-51+56. 

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As mining advances in technology and the changing market environment，the original industry indicators can not meet the needs of the development of modern mining. Sandaozhuang open pit tungsten and molybdenum equivalent grade indicators，for example on the general process of the open pit industrial index optimization，to extend the mine life and comprehensive utilization of mineral resources，and maximize the economic efficiency of enterprises and industrial indicators dynamic management of good results.

Reasonable Supporting Techniques of Open-off Cut Pilot Tunnel in the Very Soft Layer

MEI Feng-Qing, HAN Li-Jun, MENG Qing-Bin, LI Yun

2013, 42(03):  52-56. 

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According to the status of the very soft layer in east inner mongolia such as poor cementation，large deformation of open-off cut，poor molding of roadway and great difficulty in roadway support，the reasonable supporting techniques of open-off cut pilot tunnel in the very soft layer are discussed by the numerical calculation of FLAC3D. Based on these，the paper proposes the combining support scheme of anchor rope and shape steel bracket and the reasonable parameters. And based on theoretical calculation and the numerical calculation of ANSYS，the bearing capacity of shape steel bracket and its reasonability are proved to guarantee the stability and safety of the surrounding rock and supporting structure in the very soft layer. The supporting scheme and parameters are verified to be reasonable by field monitoring，thus providing a reference for supporting techniques of open-off cut pilot tunnel in the very soft layer of the east inner mongolia.

Demand Scenario Analysis of Iron Ore Minerals in China Based on BP Neural Network

ZHENG Ming-Gui, XIE Wei

2013, 42(03):  57-61. 

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The main factors influencing the iron ore demand are deeply analyzed on the basis of the introduction of the general situation of iron ore in the world and its present situation of supply and demand in China. Then，demand scenario model with BP software is established with the use of BP ANN，and makes a prediction based on the related data from 2001 to 2011 to obtain the future demand scenarios of iron ore minerals in China from 2013 to 2015. The results show that the import dependence of iron ore minerals in China will arrive 25%~35%，already declines but still remains relatively high.

Stability Comprehensive Analysis Model of Retained Goafs of Iron Deposit

LU Hong-Jian, GAN De-Qing

2013, 42(03):  62-65. 

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The stability analysis model for retained goafs in iron deposit is built based on the organic combination of three zone theory，rock movement theory and finite element theory.Taking a mine in Hebei as an example，qualitative and quantitative analysis were conducted on the stability influence of mine retained goaf to obtain a satisfactory evaluation effect and verify the feasibility of the stability comprehensive analysis method.The results provide a scientific basis for the necessity to treat the mine goafs.

Research and Practice of Water Inrush Treatment in Tieshan Mine

LIU Sheng-Lei, WANG Bing

2013, 42(03):  66-68. 

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According to the different hydrogeological conditions and the corresponding requirement of construction，different technical measures are adopted to treat the underground water inrush.Aiming at the problems occurred during the process of water treatment，the corresponding measures are taken to reach water control effect for meeting the production needs，thus providing the corresponding construction experience and technical parameters for water treatment with the same or similar hydrogeological conditions.

Research of the Behavior of Iron Ore Pellet on Low Temperature Reduction Degradation in Gas-based Direct Reduction Process

HUANG Zhu-Cheng, ZHAO Li-Zhuo, YI Ling-Yun, JIANG Tao

2013, 42(03):  69-72+76. 

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Cracking and degradation in the reduction process of iron ore oxidized pellets has serious influence on production. The effect of reduction temperature and reducing atmosphere on reduction degradation performance of oxidized pellet and the compressive strength of reduced pellet was investigated. And the reduction degradation is analyzed based on the inner microstructure pictures of the reduced pellets by Leica DMRXP microscope. The results indicate that RDI+6.3 and RDI+3.15 decreased while RDI-0.5 increased as the reduction temperature increases from 450 ℃ to 550 ℃ in gas-based direct reduction process. When the reduction temperature raises to 600 ℃，RDI+6.3 and RDI+3.15 begins to increase while RDI-0.5 decrease. When the volume ratio of H2/(H2+CO) increases，RDI+6.3 and RDI+3.15 increased，while RDI-0.5 decreased dramatically. The temperature and reducing atmosphere have an inverse effect on compressive strength of reduced pellets and the low temperature reduction degradation rate of oxidized pellet. Namely，the compressive strength of reduced pellets increased when reduction degradation rate of oxidized pellet decreased，and the compressive strength of reduced pellets decreased when reduction degradation rate increased.

Experimental Research on Beneficiation of a Refractory Iron Ore at Northwest of China

MIAO Liang, LI Guo-Dong, JIANG Yong-Zhi, CHEN Du-Juan

2013, 42(03):  73-76. 

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There are mainly magnetite and specularite in a refractory iron ore at northwest of China, among which magnetite and specularite, specularite and quartz have a closely disseminated relationship. The technical conditioning tests for grinding and concentration of the ore are carried out. The results showed that low intensity magnetic concentrate with Fe grade of 66.39% and recovery of 40.94% and high intensiy magnetic concentrate with Fe grade of 63.41% and Fe recovery of 37.27% were obtained by the process of grinding-low intensity magnetic separation with one roughing and one cleaning-rough high intensity magnetic separation-regrinding of rough concentrate-cleaning concentration with high intensity magnetic separation. Total Fe concentrate is grading at 64.95% with the recovery of 78.21%.

Experiment on Beneficiation of a Refractory Oolitic Iron Ore

QIU Ting-Sheng, ZHANG Wei-Xing, FANG Xi-Hui, ZHANG Bao-Hong, YANG Yun

2013, 42(03):  77-81. 

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A oolitic iron ore mainly exists in form of maghemite with complex disseminated relationship of iron minerals and gangue minerals and containing a certain amount of mudding hematite and iron clay. It is difficult to significantly improve iron grade by the conventional magnetic separation process. In the tests, the process of reduction roasting-stage grinding and stage low intensity magnetic separation-reverse flotation is investigated to realize the development and utilization of the ore. The results show that iron concentrate with Fe grade of 61.30% and iron recovery of 80.43% was obtained by the process of reduction roasting- two-stage grinding and stage low intensity magnetic separation- one roughing, one cleaning and two scavenging-inverse flotation-middles back to the flow-sheet in turn.

Experimental Study of the Beneficiation of Longyan Oolitic Hematite Ore

GUO Xiu-Ping, PANG Yu-Rong, TIAN Jiang-Tao, PANG Xue-Min-

2013, 42(03):  82-85. 

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Xuanlong-type oolitic hematite consists of aphanitic hematite with particle size of 0.005 ~ 0.001 mm, and iron element in hematite accounts for 96.19% of the total iron, and the contents of harmful elements S , P are low. The exploitation scheme for the ore is investigated to find out a process with feature of simple process, low energy consumption and good operability as a goal. The results show that iron concentrate with Fe grade of 62.46% and recovery rate of 83.56% was achieved by adopting the process of reduction roasting-grinding-rough low intensity magnetic separation-regrinding of rough concentrate-cleaning of low intensity magnetic separation.

Experimental Study on Beneficiation of a Gold Ore

WEN Sheng-Lai, HUANG Xin, QU Ying-Cheng, WANG Kai-Jin

2013, 42(03):  86-89. 

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Gold element of an altered cataclastic rock type gold ore mainly exists in form of naked or semi-naked gold. The tests are carried out to study the appropriate technical parameters for flotation of the ore. The results show that under the grinding fineness of -200 mesh 65%, and with the combining collector of ammonium dibuyldithiophosphate+butyl xanthate, final gold concentrate with Au and Ag grade of 72.19 g/t and 67.64 g/t, Au and Ag recovery of 96.00% and 72.07% was achieved respectively by the process of one roughing-two cleaning-two scavenging-middles back to the flow-sheet in turn.

Copper Concentration of a Certain Copper Ore in Fujian

ZOU Lai-Chang, LI Wei-Ying, QIU Ting-Sheng

2013, 42(03):  90-92. 

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The useful minerals in a copper ore of Fujian consist of copper sulfide and pyrite. The conditioning tests on the preferential copper floatation are studied. The results show that final copper concentrate with Cu grade of 22.44% and Cu recovery of 90.23% was obtained by the process of two-roughing，four-scavenging，one-cleaning with rough concentrate and middles back to the flow-sheet in turn. S recovery in copper concentrate was only 17.58%，which creates the conditions for higher sulfur recovery from copper tailings.

Beneficiation Tests of a Mixed Copper Ore in Xinjiang

YANG Yang, ZHANG Da-Yong, WANG Le

2013, 42(03):  93-95. 

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A copper ore in Xinjiang belongs to the oxidized-sulfide mixed copper ore with Cu grade of 1.45%. Technical conditions for grinding and concentration on the ore are studied. The results showed that under grinding fineness of -200 mesh 65% and with the use of sodium sulfide, copper concentrate with Cu grade of 24.98% and recovery of 83.58% were achieved by the process of one roughing, three cleanings, two scavengings and middles back to the flow-sheet in order.

Experiments on Direct Flotation and Inverse Flotation of a Collophane Mine in Sichuan

HONG Wei, ZHANG Ling-Yan, SONG Yu-Han, Qiu-Yang-率, WANG Qi

2013, 42(03):  96-99. 

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A collophane mine of Sichuan contains high contents of magnesium and silicon impurities, among which phosphorite is disseminated coarsely.The technical conditions of the ore were investigated by adopting the process of inverse flotation-direct flotation. The results showed that under grinding fineness of -0.074 mm 77% for the ore, phosphate concentrate with P₂O₅ grade of 36.10% and recovery of 84.94% was obtained by the flow-sheet of one-stage inverse flotation for magnesium removal with YC as collector in acidic environment, and the process of one roughing+ one scavenging direct flotation of cellophane with combining water glass and JXL-2 as inhibitor, JXL-1 as collector of phosphate materials in weak alkaline conditions. The contents of SiO₂ and MgO in the concentrate were decreased by 4.13% and 4.52% respectively compared with that in run-of-mine.

Experimental Study on Purification of Acid Leaching Solution of Stone Coal Extraction

WANG Yi, ZHANG Yi-Min, HUANG Jing, LIU Tao, LI Wang, ZHANG Guo-Bin

2013, 42(03):  100-103. 

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With a stone coal in Hubei as raw material, the technical parameters in the extraction process of vanadium purification acid leaching solution were studied. The results indicated that with Na₂SO₃ used to pre-treat the acid leaching solution, the effect of Fe³⁺ and V⁴⁺ on the extraction was efficiently removed, and the extraction rate improved at the same extraction level. The total extraction rate at level 5 is 99.29% when Ph value for appropriate extraction is 2 and the ratio of organic phase and water phase is 3∶1 with the extraction time for 8 min; Total extraction rate at stripping level 8 reaches 99.70% when the suitable ratio of organic phase and water phase for stripping is 10∶1 and the volume concentration of the sulfuric acid solution as stripping agent is 8%.

Research on Particles of the Deep Oxidized Zone of Dongshengmiao Polymetallse Sulfide Ores

YUAN Xue-Ling, CAO Jian-Jin, LAI Pei-Xin, WU Zheng-Quan, WANG Zheng-Hai, ZENG Jian-Nian, WU Ya-Fei

2013, 42(03):  104-107. 

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Transmission electron microcopy(TEM) had been used to analyze particles of the deep oxidized zone collected from Dongshengmiao polymetallic sulfide deposit in the Inner Mongolia，and oxidation process and source of oxidized particles had been discussed.The results showed that oxidized particles formed by oxidation are mainly composed of native silver，quartz，goethite particles，etc.In general，they are in the state of aggregations with various crystalline forms，the size of which ranges from few nanometers to several hundred nanometers.Their constituent elements exist in high valence，which are in consistent with oxidizing environment of the deep oxidized zone.The types of particles are different at different oxidized zones because of different geological environment and oxidizing conditions.

Analysis on the Gas and Liquid Ingredients of Inclusions from Duobuza Copper Deposit

HE Yang-Yang, WEN Chun-Qi, LIU Xian-Fan, WANG Kang-Ming, HUO Yan

2013, 42(03):  108-110+115. 

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Analysis study on the gas and liquid ingredients of mineral inclusions from the Duobuza Copper Deposit have shown that the gas phase composition of the inclusions are mainly H₂O and CO₂，on behalf of an oxidizing environment; liquid phase mainly composed of Cl^- and Na⁺，and the fluid contains a large number of halite daughter crystals with the characteristics of high salinity.Fluid is slightly acidic at hydrothermal stage.With the conduct of the mineralization process，oxygen fugacity，carbon dioxide fugacity and sulfur fugacity gradually reduced；the pH value and Eh values gradually increased.Mineralization occurs mainly in the high-temperature，high salinity，shallow，slightly acidic and oxidizing environment.

Comparative Studies on the Ore-forming Geological Background in the Anhui-Zhejiang-Jiangxi Border Region of Qinhang Metallogenic Belt

CHEN Fang, DU Jian-Guo, XU Wei, TANG Jin-Lai

2013, 42(03):  111-115. 

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Based on the summary of the previous results，the paper studies the source beds，magmatic rocks and geological structure in Zhejiang(western Zhejiang)-Anhui (southern Anhui)-Jiangxi(northeastern Jiangxi) border region of Qinhang metallogenic belt.The mantle magma directly participated in mineralization is the fundamental factor for the development of the polymetallic deposits related to porphyry in Yanshanian at the northeastern Jiangxi，and the structural environment with both tension and compression is the key factor.Furthermore，more discordogenic faults in the northeastern Jiangxi are developed，which benefits the mineralization participated by deep magma.The northeastern Jiangxi also has more source bed，and has experienced multistage mineralization.The Xiaoyao rock is the favorable place for prospecting deposits of W，Mo，Cu and Au，and Tianjingshan Gold Deposit in Xiuning has an optimistic mineralization prospect.

Geochemical Characteristics and Significance of REE in Bumo Gold Deposit

LIU Wei, CHEN Yuan-Rong, WU 二, LIU Yi-Zhi, JIANG Hui-Qiao, HUANG Qiu

2013, 42(03):  116-118+147. 

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Based on analysis of the REE′s geochemistry characteristics of different geological bodies in Bumo gold deposit，it is found that ∑REE decrease gradually form granitic vein，cataclastic rock，schist，gold ore bodies to quartzitic veins，and the REE distribution pattern of them is similar except quartzitic veins.It shows that granitic vein，cataclastic rock，schist and gold ore bodies has a certain inherited evolution characteristics and a closely mineralization relationships each other during the long geological process.However the REE distribution pattern curve of quartzite veins in lower crustal source is different from others，which provides a heat source for the mineralization.The mesoproterozoic Baoban group in the latter part of the metamorphic process causes the activation，migration of elements，providing the source material for the formation of gold deposits，and the Baoban group becomes source layer of gold deposit ore.The late granite veins are formed by partially melting the Baoban Group rocks in the deep crust.

3D Visualization Prediction of Mining Subsidence System Based on the Active X Automation

GU Wei, TAN Zhi-Xiang, DENG Ka-Zhong

2013, 42(03):  119-122. 

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In order to make up for the defects of visualization in existing mining subsidence prediction computer program，mining subsidence prediction program based on probability integration method was developed by Active X Automation technology. SURFER kernel functions were operated by VB and then surface movement and deformation contour，3-D surface map，cross section map and auto analysis were realized. Multiple mining workface and multiple coal seam of a coal mine in Shandong were shown to explain the system. The results showed that the system can meet the requirements in working，that is，it can improve mining subsidence prediction and analysis work efficiently，and also reduce the workload of programming. The specialization and automation of the mining subsidence mapping and analysis are realized.

Research on Rock Fracture Monitoring Mechanism and Method Based on the Maximum Value

LIU Xiao-Yang, HAO Yan-Jin, SUN Guang-Tong, Liu-Jun

2013, 42(03):  123-125. 

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Through study on the overburden rock fracture caused by mining，the paper explores the factors for surface subsidence and its temporal and spatial relations between the overburden rock fracture and surface subsidence. From the angle of micro seismic phenomenon induced by rock fracture，with the micro seismic orientation principle，the micro seismic calculation model is established. With the microwave only，and without considering the amplitude，frequency and energy，as long as each detector is able to detect the maximum moment with the same nature，the spatial orientation for the rock fracture（micro-seismic source）can be realized. Thereby，the instant position of rock fracture can be determined according to the maximum value moment. And then，the micro-seismic wave velocity is fixed to study the internal causes of surface subsidence.

The Dynamics Modeling and Simulation of Tracked Vehicles based on Rigid Model

WANG Tao, GUI Hua-Liang

2013, 42(03):  126-127+131. 

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The complication of track vehicles results in high cost and long research and development cycle. The numerical simulation technology is applied into the research of tracked vehicle to improve the quality and efficiency of the design. The modeling mechanism of the rigid tracks is elaborated in the paper and its ride performance is analyzed. The results and method can effectively improve the research of tracked vehicles with the use of simulation.

Analysis on Stability and Underground Pressure Monitoring of Goaf for a Certain Iron Mine

ZHANG Yang, LI Zhan-Jin, LI Shi-Bo, ZHANG Yan-Bo

2013, 42(03):  128-131. 

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The STL-12 multi-channel acoustic emission monitoring system is introduced into the mine and the acoustic emission monitoring technology is adopted to real-time monitor the goaf pressure for all day. Then，the reasonable and effective monitoring method is proposed. After analyzing the monitoring data of a whole year，the feature of the acoustic emission waveforms，and the factors and features of the common waveforms when rocks are broken are summarized. It is determined that the goaf is stable at present，and the safety production of the mine can be ensured.

The Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution Based on Interval Euclid Distance Model with Combination Weights

ZHAO Yan-Ling, WANG Ya-Yun, HE Ting-Ting, LI Jian-Hua, FU Xin, ZENG Ji-Yong, LI Yuan

2013, 42(03):  132-136. 

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On the basis of the Euclid distance model with weights，and by improving the weighted assignment method and the evaluation criteria，the interval Euclid distance model with combination weights was proposed.Firstly，the objective information entropy method was improved and combined with subjective analytic hierarchy method，while the preference coefficients were introduced to optimize the combination weights.Based on the combination weights and their corresponding measurement data and classification standard interval values of the evaluation index，the Euclid distance of sample and the interval Euclid distance of the evaluation criteria was calculated out，and both distances are contrasted from its similarity to establish the interval Euclid distance model.The comprehensive evaluation of soil heavy metal data in Kangding City is made with the application of the model，which is compared with that of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The conclusion is that the results of the model are consistent with the actual soil contamination of the area，thus verifying that the application of the Interval Euclide Distance model with combination weights to the evaluation of soil heavy metal pollution is feasible and rational.

Combination of Network Dropping Resistance and Fan Adjustment to Manage Mine Ventilation

HUANG Shao-Ming, JI Xian-Wei, WANG Jing

2013, 42(03):  137-140. 

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In the light of huge production area in Dahongshan Copper Mine，more tunneling and working faces，and deeply extending in excavation，the network structure，the total ventilation resistance and fan working status in ventilation system have been changing，resulting in the low efficient fan and poor ventilation. It is proposed that the ventilation system be managed by combining with network dropping resistance and fan adjustment. That is，by taking measures to reduce the total ventilation resistance of the entire mine and combining the total ventilation resistance to adjust the existing fan working status point，the micro-climatic conditions in mine is significantly improved; The efficient and economical operation of the fan is ensured and the total installed capacity is reduced. Meanwhile，huge economic benefits for the mining enterprises are created as well.

Dam Break Simulation of Tailings Dam and Forecast of Impact Range

JIN Jia-Xu, LIANG Li, WU Feng-Yuan, GUO Wen-Liang, DONG Tian-Wen

2013, 42(03):  141-144. 

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The tailings dam-break seriously threaten the downstream personnel life and property，and also environmental security. It is difficult to descript the problem accurately and quantitatively. The Bingham model，one of a non-newtonian fluid model，is adopted in this paper. Sand flow evolution process after a tailings dam-break in Liaoning is transient simulation analysis by using fluid dynamics analysis software ANSYS CFX. The flow regime change，velocity vector change and final accumulation form after dam-break are emphasized. The analysis results show that tail sand flow move to downriver by gravity after the tailings dam-break. A surge wave was formed when rushed out early stage，and spread to the downstream gradually. The tailings velocity of any time presents a gradual change，the tailings velocity increases gradually from the tip to end，and ground speed is faster than surface. Finally an accumulation body is formed，that its tail is thick and thin to the edge. The results will provide important basis to the formation of dam failure disaster emergency plan，the proposition of downstream personnel safety evacuation plan and hazard assessment after dam-break.

Application of Underground Water Source Heat Pump Air-conditioning System in Xingshan Iron Mine of Capital Steel

MENG Ling-Min

2013, 42(03):  145-147. 

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The concept and operating principle of the underground water source heat pump air conditioning system is introduced，and the conditions of the geographic environment，geology and water source and the feasibility of water source heat pump are analyzed in Xingshan Iron Mine.Then，the component of the water source heat pump air-conditioning system is described and its economic benefit brought is analyzed.Based on the practical operating condition and energy saving analysis of the above system in Xingshan Iron Mine，its advantages are summarized.

Experiments on Iron Concentration from a Rare-earth Tailing based on Deep Reduction

LIN Hai, ZHANG Wen-Tong, DONG Ying-Bo, XU Xiao-Fang

2013, 42(03):  148-151. 

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The technical conditions of deep reduction-low intensity magnetic separation are investigated for a rare earth tailings after preelected by magnetic separation, and the generations of the deep reduction and the magnetic iron powder are assayed by XRD. The results indicate that under the suitable conditions for deep reduction of the dosage of lignite accounting for 10% of the total mass of the sample and lignite, and the reduction temperature 1 200 ℃ for 60 min, and the suitable grinding of -74 μm 85% with magnetic field strength of 118 kA/m for low intensity magnetic separation, magnetic iron powder with Fe grade of 91.00% and the reduction recovery of 90.83% by low intensity magnetic separation, and total iron recovery of 78.20% are finally obtained. XRD analysis shows that complex iron minerals in the tests mostly become single iron. The iron in products of deep reduction can be better recovered by grinding and low intensity magnetic separation.

Tests of Molybdenum Recovery from Tungsten Tailings by Gravity in Jiangxi

CHEN Du-Juan, MIAO Liang, PENG Jian-Cheng, LI Fu-Lan

2013, 42(03):  152-154+157. 

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Tungsten tailings by gravity in Jiangxi contain SiO₂ of 81.14% and molybdenum of 0.022%. Molybdenum mineral mainly occurs in molybdenite with features of medium disseminated granularity-simple dissemination and higher recovery value. In order to ensure the export of tailings as cement raw material, it is the principle to ensure the tailings particle size not dropped significantly in the test, and technical conditions of molybdenum concentration are studied. The tests results showed that molybdenum concentrate with Mo grade of 46.520% and Mo recovery rate of 50.95% are finally obtained by the process of two-stage grinding-one roughing-one scavenging-four cleaning-one scavenging for concentrate and middles back to the flow-sheet in turn.

Beneficiation Tests on Phosphorus Recovery from Tailings of a Tongling Iron Mine

HE Gen-Xing, HAO Shun-Li, WANG Jing

2013, 42(03):  155-157. 

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The main phosphorus mineral in tailings of low intensity magnetic separation of a iron mine in Tongling is apatite. After a simple analysis on chemical composition and sieve for the tailing samples, the dosages in its roughing and cleaning concentrations are studied. The results show that phosphate concentrate with P2O5 grade of 35.25% and recovery of 95.42% is obtained by the process of one rouging-two cleanings-middles back to the flow-sheet in order.

Recovery Experiment of Iron and Rare-earth Minerals from Tailings of Inverse Flotation in Dressing Plant of Baosteel

JI Jun-Mei

2013, 42(03):  158-160+168. 

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For tailings from inverse flotation of iron ore concentrates in Baogang Concentrator，the grinding fineness tests of iron concentration with low intensity magnetic separation and the dosage volume tests of rougher flotation reagent for rare earth are carried out. The test results show that rare-earth concentrate with REO grade of 58.12%，REO recoveries of 64.74%，and Fe grade of 5.70% and rare earth concentrates and iron ore concentrate with Fe grade of 64.47%，Fe recovery of 56.51% and rare earth REO grade of 1.65% were finally obtained by the process of iron concentration with 3-stage grinding-low intensity magnetic separation，rare earth concentration with one roughing-three cleaning floatation，and tailing at the third stage back to the flow-sheet and then following by inverse floatation.

Preparation of Lightweight Thermal Insulation Walling Material with High Content of Iron Tailings

YU Jie, KE Chang-Yun, YU Zhen-Xian, LI Hui, JIANG Yu-Feng, CHEN Yue

2013, 42(03):  161-164. 

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With common cement as the gelling agent, iron tailing from Lingxiang in Huangshi as the raw material to prepare the lightweight heat insulation walling material, the effect of lightweight aggregate of expanded perlite, iron tailings, the dosage of alkali activator, the water-cement ratio on the compressive strength, bulk density, thermal conductivity are studied. The results show that the alkaline activator in the test has a significant activation on the activity of iron ore tailings, which can increase the dosage proportion of iron tailings and reduce the amount of cement. When the mass ratio of cement, iron tailings, activator and expanded perlite is 1∶2.5∶0.25∶0.63 and the water-cement ratio is 0.8, the test materials own compressive strength＞5 MPa, bulk density <900 kg/m3, and thermal conductivity of <0.231 W/(m·k) at 28 d, which can meet the performance requirements of lightweight insulation walling material.

Experiments on Solidification and Agglomeration of Fine Iron Tailings of Jinshandian

ZHOU Man, LI Tie-Yi, LIU Zheng-Qiang, LUO Wen-Bin, LEI Guo-Yuan, YU Zhi-Ping

2013, 42(03):  165-168. 

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Taking fine iron tailings of Jinshandian as solidified subobject and the industrial solid waste X activated by the activator Y, Z as the curing agent, the impact of the technical conditions such as formulation of curing agent, aging temperature, curing method and molding pressure on the compressive strength and water resistance of the solidified blocks is investigated. The results show that when the reasonable mass ratio of the X,Y,Z is 8∶3.7∶1, the mass ratio of curing agent to tailsings is 12.7∶87.3 the aging temperature is 30 ℃ under the high-pressure steaming (180 ℃, 1 MPa), the compressive strength and water resistance of the solidified blocks is better improved and its natural curing is the worst. The suitable molding pressure for solidified blocks is 25 MPa.