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    15 February 2016, Volume 45 Issue 02
    Research on Mining Sequence Optimization and Dynamical Control of Gently Inclined Broken Orebody
    WANG Yun-Sen, ZHENG Gui-Ping, JIN Chang-Yu, XU Shuai
    2016, 45(02):  1-6. 
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    According to the geological conditions and mining process of Jiaojia Gold Mine,four kinds of mining schemes were designed,the 3D refined model was established to make simulation analysis.Comparing the deformation,the stress and the plastic zone of the four kinds of mining schemes,it could be concluded that it is difficult to evaluate the four schemes because the deformation of the roof in four schemes is similar in the case that the roof is broken.According to the roof control stress and reducing the volume of plastic zone,triangle mining sequence is more suitable.Combined with the stress distribution of rock surrounding after excavation,the method of mathematical statistics is used to analyze the effect of the stope construction behavior on velocity.According to ultrasonic velocity variability,the dynamic control method was established based on the velocity variability of rock mass.Through the analysis of the experimental data and the actual data in mining field,along with the approach of the mining,wave frequency becomes lower,plastic loosened zone is expanding,the stability of the surrounding rock is reduced gradually and the rock mass comes to the unstable state.By means of dynamical control in the mining process,the test stope's stability was good,and it provided a new way for the optimization of mining sequence.
    Research on the Dynamic Strength Criteria of Rock with a Single Fissure Based on Numerical Simulation
    WANG Hao-Yu, XU Jin-Yu, LIU Shi, FANG Xin-Yu
    2016, 45(02):  7-12. 
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    The dynamic finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA was used to simulate the SHPB dynamic tests during various projectile velocities on rock specimens with a single fissure.Those undetermined coefficients in the mathematical expressions of rock strength criteria was gained by the regression analysis of simulation data while the relation between average strain rate and undetermined coefficients was studied as well.The results show:Several commonly used strength criteria in rock mechanics,including Mohr-Coulumb criterion,Hoek-Brown criterion,Griffith criterion,are not suitable for the rock specimens with a single fissure while Fairhurst criterion is the only one which fits well for the condition in the paper.With the average strain rate increase,two undetermined coefficient among Fairhurst criterion raised according to the linear relation.Based on this,the dynamic Fairhurst criterion for rocks with a single fissure is built.At last,the fitting analysis of the dynamic rock strength criteria through the computer simulation of dynamic splitting tensile tests has provided a new thought for more conveniently and efficiently grasping the rock failure criterion.
    The Design and Optimization of the Surface Pre-Grouting for Shafts in Iron Mine
    CHEN Zhen-Guo
    2016, 45(02):  13-16. 
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    The ideal result of water prevention was obtained in surface pre-grouting for 1# auxiliary shafts of Dajiazhuang Iron Mine.From analysis and optimization of the design,the number of the grouting holes can be reduced to 10 or 8,with grouting quantity and grouting times assured.The main grouting material was single-liquid cement slurry and clay-cement slurry,Which was low cost,no pollution,high water shutoff rate and good durability.Grouting pressure should refer to Code for Acceptance of Shaft Sinking and Drifting of Coal Mine(GB50511-2010),and the upper limit should be taken over the pressure range in the process of construction.The grouting section was divided into several intervals according to geological conditions and the type of grouting material to be grouted,and the grouting quantity was calculated in each interval using the most suitable parameters.The effective dispersal distance should not less than 10 m.The depth of aquifer,aquifuge and fracture zone should be considered in the division of grouting intervals.And it needs be adjusted according to geological conditions exposed by grouting holes.
    Safety Analysis of Pillar Recovery under Open Pits
    LEI Ming-Li, ZHANG Hai-Lei, ZHAO Yong-Ping, YAN Wen-Bing, CHAI Heng-Shan, LIU Tao
    2016, 45(02):  17-20. 
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    The No.1 section of No.3 mining stope in An iron mine is located at the bottom of two open pits.For this reason,its overlying rock is thin,and there exists certain risks when implementing pillar recovery.On the basis of a full investigation on the current situation,through the equivalent exposed area method,the stope limits span is determined to be 160 m in this region.An overall pillar recovery program of 'every three mining two" has been put forward with ore capacity of 196 000 tons.Based on the disaster mechanism analysis of goaf collapse ripple effect,The Wang Jin`an roof-pillar rheological model is adopted to simplify the roof-permanent pillar system as an elastic sheet supported by four groups of Buegers body.A dynamic stability analysis system of pillar-roof is set up,and the mined-out area' survival time was predicted by this system.Roof displacement monitoring shows that pillar' stress and strain are in good condition during pillar recovery.Practice indicates that with combination of the equivalent exposed area method and the Wang Jin'an roof-pillar rheological models,it's easy to determine the stope limits span and mined-out area' survival time,with a certain reference value.
    Analysis on the Adaptability of Single Bridge at Bottom of Surface Mine
    FANG Jian, CHANG Jun
    2016, 45(02):  21-25. 
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    It will highly reduce the transport work of truck at working area and internal dumping area when adopts the single bridge at bottom of large surface mine.It can also reduce the freight and save the mine production costs.In order to determine the application scope of bridge,fractions model at working face was established to determine the scale of overburden and location of bridge surface.The transport work model before and after bridging during internal dumping and the optimization of inequality were built to determine the shortest distance of working line at the level of bridge surface and service height of bench.Haerwusu surface coal mine is taken for instance to verify the correctness of the model.The results show that the bridge is located at the lower or medium part,and the overburden at bridge surface is classified into four levels.The distance of interval dumping is most saving.The shortest distance of working line at the level of bridge surface is 1192.4 m and service height of bench is 60 m.The results play a guiding role in choosing bridging transport system of the mine with internal dumping.
    Research on Loss and Dilution by Different Mining Sequence in Pillarless Sublevel Caving
    HU Xing-Bao, PAN Jian, MA Xue-Yan, GUO Jin-Ping
    2016, 45(02):  26-29. 
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    Mining sequence in pillarless sublevel caving has a great influence on ore loss and dilution.Underground mining in Dahongshan iron ore is affected by open pit mining.With 70° as the ore boundaries,recoverable ore must be recovered first,then the left ore is recovered until the pressure over the left ore is moved.Current researches on loss and dilution are mostly based on the case of mining upper sublevel first and then the lower sublevel.But research on loss and dilution resulting from high fall formed by first mining one side then mining the other side is less.The loss and dilution rate by above stages of ore removal and normal mining sequence was compared using laboratory physical simulation.The results showed that the loss and dilution by stages of ore removal was lower by 7.1 percent point than that of the normal mining.Analysis found that the rock contact zone by normal mining was continuous,while the contact zone by staging was cut off into two different elevations of "V" shaped,which lead to the waste rock surface increased,resulting in high dilution rate than the normal.The study also found that as the ore drawing gap increased,the recovery-dilution index decreased slowly.It is finally recommended that the mine should reduce the fall as much as possible or use the low dilution ore drawing to retain the 70°ore-rock contact zone in order to control the loss and dilution.
    Research of Exploitation Procedures of Open-pit Mines Transferred from Underground Mining
    CUI Xiao-Rong, LIN Mou-Jin, YU Hong, ZHENG Bing-Xu
    2016, 45(02):  30-35. 
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    In order to recover the resources with potential danger leaved by underground mining,the complete mining method system for crisis mines transferred from underground to open pit mining,has been established to guide a smooth transition from underground to open pit mining.In view of various underground mined-out areas under the stope,the large scale mined-out area and the mined-out area group are treated before open-pit mining to achieve the macro geological environment rebuilding for open-pit,and the small scale mined-out areas and the unknown mined-out areas that affect the engineering safety at local place are surveyed and disposed by caving blasting to achieve the reconstruction of micro condition for open-pit mining.The keys of production organization and field management for this type of mine are summarized.These are all helpful to lay a foundation for the cooperative operation of mined-out areas disposing and open-pit mining.
    Analysis on the Fracture Evolution of the Uniaxial Compression Curtain Body Based on Acoustic Emission Location
    WANG Zhi-Guo, WANG Mei, LI Yue-Long
    2016, 45(02):  36-41. 
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    Uniaxial compression tests on curtain block of different moisture content which made of sand and gravel that taken from the east slope of Yanshan iron ore were carried out using RLW-3000 servo press testing system.And the acoustic emission (AE) activities were monitored by PCI-II AE system during the whole experimental process.According to the AE location and the AE hit count rate,the fissure space evolution regular of curtain block with different stress stage is analyzed.The experimental results indicate that the curtain body of AE event in space positioning block is divided into two areas.In the initial loading stage of the curtain body,the AE location is located in the interior of the curtain block where the position of stress concentration.With the load increasing,the AE event gradually spreads outwards from the center of each area.Because of the propagation of AE wave affected by water,so that the number of AE events of curtain body in curing condition are the most,and the number of AE events of curtain body in dry condition at least.With the increase of moisture content,AE hit count rate peak emerged earlier.The research results of the research on the rupture and instability mechanism of curtain grouting have certain significance,and also provide a theoretical basis for the stability of engineering rock mass.
    Moving Plan of Semi-mobile Crusher Optimized by Transportation Model of Time and Space
    WANG Yi-Ming, WANG Jian, LIU Dong, DONG Hong-Yan
    2016, 45(02):  42-46. 
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    To solve the problem of moving plan of semi-mobile crusher that applied in deep open pit with semi-continuous deploitation transportation,an optimization algorithm is proposed,basing on transportation model of time and space.According to mining and stripping progress plan,all possible moving plans are enumerated,and comparable minimum overall cost of each plan is calculated.The best economic plan is selected in order to optimize transportation organization and reduces the transportation cost of mine production.The software system basing on research conclusion is developed to improve accuracy and efficiency of similar engineering design.
    Across Mechanical Analysis and Control Technology of Surrounding Rock of Roadway Under the Influence of Dynamic Pressure
    YUAN An-Ying, YANG Zhi-Yong, YANG Ying-Ming
    2016, 45(02):  47-50. 
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    Aiming at the special situation of working face across floor roadway,this paper apply mechanics analysis,numerical simulation,field practice and research of deep mining across the mining under the condition of the stability of surrounding rock of roadway.The results show that the stress of the roadway surrounding rock can be calculated each component by theory of elastoplastic analysis across the force characteristic of surrounding rock in roadway based on the rheological properties of rock material.Numerical calculation shows that roadway influenced by mining the front abutment pressure and the lateral stress superposition of stress influence.And with the working face advancing,weakening the influence of abutment pressure,lateral stress will affect the stability of surrounding rock of roadway long-term.Determine the rheological effect of coal seam working face end under the action of the lateral stress is one of the important factors that influence across mining roadway stability.Mining water seepage grouting seal technology,to ensure that the surrounding rock of roadway is not soften,maintain the strength of surrounding rock of roadway and carrying capacity,achieved the effect to control the stability of surrounding rock of roadway.
    Monitoring and Early-warning of Fault Landslide in Pingzhuang West Open-cast Coal Mine
    SUN Guang-Lin, TAO Zhi-Gang, YANG Jun, HAN Xue
    2016, 45(02):  51-55. 
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    Pingzhuang West open pit coal mine landslide is anti-inclined slope rock inversion layer with obvious fault structure and high level of landslide hazards.In order to grasp the real-time landslide state,the sufficient and necessary conditions of landslides is proposed based on the sliding force greater than the anti-sliding force.The sliding force remote monitoring and warning system with reinforcement -monitoring-warning integration function was adopted to realize the process of sliding force sensing,transmission,analysis,monitoring and early warning.Sliding force monitoring points and displacement comparison monitoring points are laid in the landslide area.Through continuous monitoring of regional landslide for nearly 3 months,the results showed that the sliding force remote monitoring and warning system is running well.All monitoring and early warning stages of the “07-0118 landslide” have been realized,and landslide sliding force monitoring is better than that of displacement monitoring,which verifies the advancement and practicality of the system.The successful application of this system provides the technical method and practical basis for other similar slope monitoring and warning.
    Beneficiation Technology Study on Iron Waste Rock from Sijiaying
    CHEN Zhou, YANG Ren-Xin, WANG Ju, LI Jun-Ning, YUAN Qi-Dong
    2016, 45(02):  56-60. 
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    Aiming at the problems of large volume,low iron grade,fine disseminated,difficult to be separated,process of pre-separation-stage grinding stage magnetic separation magnetic separation-anionic reverse flotation process was put forward on iron waste rock from Sijiaying of Hebei Province.Results show that waste rock with iron grade of 18.79% via discarding by permanent magnet dry magnetic separator-middle and fine wet high gradient high intensity magnetic separator separation,pre-concentrate with iron grade of 29.25% and recovery of 59.61% was obtained,pre-concentrate via two stage grinding stage magnetic separation operation,magnetic mixed concentrate with iron grade of 52.71% and recovery of 48.50% was obtained,using NaOH as pH regulator,starch as depressor,CaO as activator,MF as reverse flotation collector,via one roughing-one cleaning-two scavenging reverse flotation,qualified concentrate with iron grade of 65.97%,yield recovery of 89.21%,the ore recovery rate is 43.27% was obtained,can provide reference for the recycle of the waste rock resources.
    Experiment on Granulation-Magnetic Roasting-Low Intensity Magnetic Separation of Specularite Ore at 0~1 mm
    QU Wan-Gang, CHEN Tie-Jun, ZHANG Yi-Min
    2016, 45(02):  61-65. 
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    Magnetic roasting process with rotary kiln is an effective method to deal with specularite ore in Jingtieshan,While specularite ore at 0~1 mm can′t be roasted directly.Grinding and pelletizing process is too complex.In order to develop and utilize the specularite ore at 0~1 mm,granulation-magnetic roasting-magnetic separation process was carried out.The results show that the process condition with carbon content of 2.5%,dosage of bentonite is 1%,dosage of water is 8%,the size of granulation is 3~5 mm,after dried the pellets at 100 ℃,the roasting temperature of 750 ℃,the roasting time of 60 min,the grinding fineness(-0.045 mm) of 80% and the magnetic intensity of 80 kA/m,iron concentrate with iron grade of 52.85% and iron recovery of 86.33% was obtained and provides a new idea for the use of specularite at 0~1 mm.
    Basic Research of Scheelite Flotation at Normal Temperature
    WANG Jian-Jun, GAO Zhi-Yong, SUN Wei, LIU Hong-Wei
    2016, 45(02):  66-70. 
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    The mechanism of scheelite flotation from calcite and fluorite at normal temperature was studied by the single mineral flotability test,zeta potential measurement,adsorption measurement and solution chemistry calculation.Scheelite can be selectively separated from calcite and fluorite at normal temperature using sodium silicate as depressant and 733 oxidized paraffin soap as collector at pH=11.0 using CaO+Na2CO3 as pH regulator(at mass ratio of 1∶3).Using CaO+Na2CO3 as pH regulator,Ca2+ concentration on the surfaces of fluorite and calcite was greater than that on scheelite surface.And then the addition of sodium silicate produced a greater decrease of zeta potential of fluorite and calcite than scheelite.Adsorption measurement results showed that sodium silicate had a adsorption capacity in the order:fluorite> calcite> scheelite.Solution chemistry calculation showed that calcium silicate formed on the surfaces of minerals in the order:fluorite> calcite> scheelite.
    Research of Beneficiation Process of a Low-grade Chromite Ore of Yunnan Province
    WANG Chen-Liang, ZOU Jian-Jian, HU Zhen, WANG Tai, LI Han-Wen
    2016, 45(02):  72-76. 
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    There is 8.51% Cr2O3 in a low-grade chromite ore in Yunnan Province.Chromium mainly distributed in 0.020~0.12 mm size fraction,with distribution rate of 83.79%,while for +0.12 mm is 6.55%,and 9.67% distributed in -0.02 mm.Aiming at chromium distribution rate both in coarse and fine fraction is low,preseparation process using classification-desliming by hydrocyclones was conducted,grit with Cr2O3 grade of 18.52% and recovery rate of 84.61% was obtained.To provide reasonably basis for beneficiation of grit,contrast test was done by single gravity separation,single high gradient high intensity magnetic separation and magnetic-gravity combined separation process.The results show that via single high intensity gravity separation process,chromium concentrate with Cr2O3 grade of 40.56% and recovery rate of 72.71% was obtained;via single high gradient high intensity magnetic separation process,chromium concentrate with Cr2O3 grade of 38.93%(unable to reach standards of 40%) and recovery rate of 55.83% was obtained;via magnetic-gravity combined separation process,chromium concentrate with Cr2O3 grade of 45.29% and recovery rate of 73.38% was obtained.Finally,the combined process of classification-desliming-high gradient high intensity magnetic separation-shaking table gravity separation process was conducted,effective recovery of chromium resources was realized.
    Experiments of a Micro-disseminated Gold Ore Contains Sulfur in Guizhou
    YAO Jin, XUE Ji-Wei, YIN Wan-Zhong, JI Qiang-Dong, FU Ya-Feng, CAO Shao-Hang
    2016, 45(02):  77-81. 
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    Gold mainly exists in form of sulfide-wrap minerals in a finely micro-disseminated gold deposit contains sulfur in Guizhou. Gold-bearing sulfide minerals are fine disseminated and closely associated with the gangue minerals. Fine grinding was needed to make the sulfide minerals to be liberated,while the gangue mineral are mainly carbonate or clay minerals,easily to slime. Fine grinding will produce large amount of slime,reduce the flotation index,so the two stage grinding stage flotation process was conducted. The results indicated that,at the grinding fineness of 80% -0.074 mm,using (NH4)2SO4 and CuSO4 as activator,butyl xanthate and butyl ammonium aerofloat as collector,2# oil as frother,via one stage flotation of one roughing-one cleaning,first stage flotation tailing ground to 95% passing 0.074 mm,via two stage flotation of one roughing-three cleaning-three scavenging,bulk concentrate with gold grade of 50.79% and recovery of 88.31% was obtained. The results can provide technique basis for the development and utilization of the ore.
    Mineral Processing Experimental Study on a Cu-Pb-Zn Polymetallic Ore in Yunnan
    MAO Yi-Lin, CHEN Xiao-Qing, YANG Jin-Zhong, WANG Xiu-Fen
    2016, 45(02):  82-86. 
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    There is 1.08% copper,1.51% lead,and 2.36% zinc in a polymetallic Cu-Pb-Zn ore in Yunnan.For the development and utilization of the ore,experiment study on the ore was conducted.Results show that at grinding fine of 72.5% passing 0.075 mm,using zinc sulphate+EMT-12 as depressor,EMS-602 as collector via one roughing-three cleaning-one scavenging copper flotation,copper flotation tailing using lime as regulator,zinc sulfate+EMT-12 as depressor,EMS-001 as collector via one roughing-three cleaning-one scavenging lead flotation,lead flotation tailing using copper sulfate as activator,butyl xanthate+ethyl xanthate as collector via one roughing-three cleaning-one scavenging zinc flotation,zinc flotation tailing using EMH104+copper sulfate as activator,butyl xanthate as collector via one roughing-one scavenging sulfur flotation,copper concentrate with copper grade of 20.33% and recovery of 86.29%,lead concentrate with lead grade of 55.68% and recovery of 84.35%,zinc concentrate with zinc grade of 46.83% and recovery of 86.97%,sulfur concentrate with sulfur grade of 38.96% and recovery of 71.92% were obtained.Comprehensive recovery of copper,lead,zinc,sulfur was realized.
    Separation Experiment of Cu-Sn Sulfide Ore from Inner Mongolia
    YUAN Shuai, LIU Jie, LI Yan-Jun, ZHANG Shu-Min, WANG Zhi-Yuan
    2016, 45(02):  87-90. 
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    The mineral composition of Cu-Sn polymetallic ore from Inner Mongolia is complex,with 1.05% copper and 0.47% tin,the main impurity components SiO2 was up to 62.31%.Chalcopyrite,the mainly copper mineral,mainly exists in quartz gangue minerals as irregular shape,the cassiterite exists mainly in hypidiomorphic-allotriomorphic structure,intergranular with chalcopyrite and other minerals.To provide technique basis for the utilization of the ore,separation experiment research was carried on.The results show that:copper rough concentrate can be obtained at the grinding fineness of 75% passing 0.074 mm,with Y150 as rough flotation collector,D300 as scavenging flotation collector,2# oil as foaming agent,through one roughing-two scavenging flotation process,rough concentrate with copper grade of 3.12%,recovery of 97.06% was obtained,rough concentrate via four cleaning,two scavenging process,copper concentrate with copper grade of 16.30%,copper recovery of 92.14% can be obtained,tailings of copper flotation via one stage gravity separation by shaking table,tin concentrate with tin grade of 8.67% and recovery of 74.91% was obtained.
    New Beneficiation Technology on a Low Grade Copper Ore Containing Sulfur and Iron from Guangdong Province
    YU Lian-Xiang, QIU Guan-Zhou, WANG Hai-Dong, QIU Xian-Yang, CHEN Miao, ZHOU Ji-Kui
    2016, 45(02):  91-95. 
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    Main valuable elements copper,sulfur,iron grade is 0.51%,27.68% and 34.07% in a low-grade copper ore from Guangdong province.Copper occurrence state is complex,secondary copper sulfide copper accounted for 54.91% of total copper,water soluble copper accounted for 26.39% of total copper,high copper recovery cannot obtained by conventional flotation method.To explore high efficient separation technology for copper,sulfur,iron,metallurgy process research was conducted.Results show that at the grinding fineness of 72% passing 0.074 mm,using sulfuric acid solution with pH=3 as leaching agent,the liquid-solid ratio of 4 mL/g,stirring speed of 1 400 r/min,leaching time of 24 h,copper leaching rate of 93.33% can be obtained;Copper leaching slag being lavated to pH=6 via one roughing one scavenging sulfur flotation process using butyl xanthate as collector,2# oil as frother,the sulfur concentrate was obtained with sulfur grade of 48.44% and recovery to copper leaching slag is 95.57%;Sulfur flotation tailings via one stage high gradient high intensity magnetic separation operation using Ф2 mm rods medium as magnetic medium,pulsating stroke is 16 mm,pulsating frequency is 280 times/min,background magnetic field intensity is 0.6 T,the iron concentrate was obtained with iron grade of 51.42%,recovery to copper leaching slag is 17.02%.The abrove test results indicated that effective separation of copper,sulfur and iron can be realized via copper leaching-sulfur flotation-magnetic separation technological process.
    Study on X Fluorescence Pre-separation of a Molybdenum Stockpiling Waste Rock from Luonan
    LIU Ming-Bao, YANG Chao-Pu, YAN Zan, YIN Wan-Zhong
    2016, 45(02):  95-98. 
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    There has been accumulated massive storage waste rock on a molybdenum mine in Luonan.Pre-separation experiments by X fluorescence were conducted on materials with particle size of 20~150 mm,molybdenum grade of 0.051%,for comprehensive utilize of the resource and reduce environment influence caused by waste rock accumulation.Results indicated that pre-concentrate with molybdenum grade of 0.125%,yield recovery of 88.10%,and total recovery of 81.05% was obtained when excitation voltage of 45 kV,filter number of 6,feeding frequency of 27.5 Hz and the separation threshold of 0.42 by radiation sorting machine pre-separation.To provide technique basis for beneficiation of pre-concentrate,process mineralogy research was conducted.Main valuable mineral of pre-concentrate is molybdenite,96.56% of molybdenum exists in molybdenite.Gangue minerals are mainly feldspar,followed by quartz,garnet and calcite,etc.24.10% molybdenite distributed in +0.8 mm fraction,64.64% molybdenite distributed in -0.075 mm fraction after crushed to -1 mm.Stage grinding-stage separation process was recommended for reasonably recovery of the ore.
    Reconcentration Purification Experiment on Rare Earth Concentrate in Baiyan Obo
    ZHU Yong-Tao, LI Mei, GAO Kai, ZHANG Dong-Liang, LI Xiao-Lei, YAN Yi
    2016, 45(02):  99-102. 
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    There is 50.12% REO in a flotation concentrate of a plant in North Rare Earths Group in Baiyan Obo.Impurities composition CaO,Fe,F and SiO2 content is high,not only quality of the products but also rare earth recovery will relatively low when directly used for smelting.To provide quality raw materials for rare earth smelting technology upgrade,reconcentration purification tests were conducted.Results show that using NaOH as pH regulator,sodium silicate as depressor,LF8# as collector,via one roughing-three cleaning-two scavenging and middlings back to the flowsheet in turn closed cirouit flotation process,high quality rare earth concentrate with REO grade of 65.48% and recovery of 92.23% was obtained,meet quality demand of the subsequent rare earth smelting technology upgrade.
    Research on Low-grade Magnesite from Kuandian Vertical Roller Mill-Flotation Experiment
    FU Ya-Feng, YIN Wan-Zhong, YAO Jin, LI Chuang, XUE Ji-Wei, CAO Shao-Hang
    2016, 45(02):  103-107. 
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    There is 45.23% MgO,3.36% SiO2 and 0.98% CaO in magnesite from Kuandian of Liaoning Province,main gangue minerals are quartz,talcum,dolomite andcalcite.In order to develop and utilize the ore,vertical roller mill grinding-flotation process tests were carried out.The results indicated that,at the feeding fineness of -12 mm,using vertical roller mill at the rotate speed of 24.5 r/min,single roller presser of 2 100 kN,ground products with grinding fineness of 81.6% passing 0.074 mm,using dodecylamine acetate as collector,2# oil as frother,via one roughing-two cleaning reverse flotation process to desilicication,concentrate of reverse flotation using sodium carbonate as pH regulator,sodium silicate and sodium hexametaphosphate as depressor,sodium oleate as collector,via one roughing one cleaning direct flotation process to concentration magnesite,magnesite concentrate was obtained with MgO content of 47.24%,SiO2 content of 0.27%,CaO content of 0.29% and the recovery of MgO is 65.14%.Good beneficiation test results had been obtained,which can provide technique basis for the utilization of the ore.
    Sticking Mechanism Analysis of Fine Iron Ore in Fluidized-Reduction Process
    XU Qi-Yan, WANG Jian-Jun, GUO Lei
    2016, 45(02):  108-111. 
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    To guide the fluidized bed industrial application,exploring the ordinary conditions of fine iron ores in the fluidized bed to restore loss of flow between fine iron ore particles.A process with Australia fine iron ore with 61.42% iron is reduced in fluidized bed at the experimental conditions include 923 K to 1 023 K temperatures,particle size range of 0.63 mm to 1.0 mm,coating MgO accounting for 2% of the total quality of fine iron ore,the volume ratio ofcarbon monoxide and H2 and CO monoxide is 4∶1,linear velocity of 0.6 m/s,reduction time is 60 min,and observe the force of fine iron ores in the reduction process.The results show that the particles in the fluidized bed are mainly affected by gas drag force of particles,the bonding force between particles and particles the result of its own gravity.Particle sticking is affected by the external force,which is given by the following formula,when the force is over zero,fine iron ore is in fluidization state;when the force is equal to zero,the fine iron ore is in critical sticking state;and when the force is below zero,fine iron ore is in the defluidization state.Bonding force increases as the solid bridge radius increases at the same temperature and the bonding force between particles is bigger at higher temperature when the radius of solid bridge is the same.Under the experiment conditions,the critical radius of solid bridge is 82~106 nm.
    Optimization on Tailings System Production of Midi Plant
    GAO Wen-Yuan
    2016, 45(02):  112-114. 
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    Since the crushing and grinding system of Midi Plant have been upgrades and transformed,tailings capacity and iron concentrate output had increased,while the tailings enrichment and conveying system is still the original process and equipment.When the plant in the normal condition,tailings enrichment system can meet the production capacity;Ilmenite system shutdown or the thickener was malfunctioned,tailings enrichment system processing capacity can't meet the production requirements,mill capacity will be reduced in order to ensure the safe operation of the thickener;Tailings conveying system have been overstretched,has safety hazard.According to the actual production organization,production organization method by partial transforming tailings preparation and transfer system and optimization was proposed when dressing plant in normal status,ensures the enterprise to realize largest production capacity and scale.
    Prospecting Indicators and Ore-controlling Factors of Jienagepu Gold-antimony Deposit in South Tibet
    HAN Fei, LI Guang-Ming, DONG Sui-Liang, XIA Xiang-Biao, CUI Xiao-Liang, LI Hong-Liang
    2016, 45(02):  116-121. 
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    The Jienagepu gold-antimony deposit is founded recently,which is located in the east antimony and gold metallogenic belt of southern Tibet detachment system.The Jienagepu gold-antimony deposit has 12 ore-bodies,which are occurred as veins-type,they are developed in the jurassic continental heat group formation and mainly controlled by faults significantly.They are 50~240 m long,0.34~8.83 m thick.The ore-types are divided into hydrothermal vein-type and altered rock-type,hydrothermal vein-type ore mainly contains stibnite quartz-calcite veins and gold quartz veins;altered rock-type ore is brecciated structure latered slate and alteration of intermediate-basic rock mass.Based on filed geological investigation and systematic study of geological background in the mining area,the geological characteristics,mineralization characteristics and mineral deposits genesis in the mining area are analyzed in depth,the ore-controlling factors in the mining area are also discussed from the aspects of strata and tectonic,the results show that:①the Ridang and Weimei stratum besides the mining area contain a large number of Au and Sb,which maybe the source of Jienagepu gold-antimony deposit;②in the early period,the intermediate-basic rock mass provide the ore-forming materials sources that cannot be ignored,in the late period,the intermediate-acidic rock mass provide the ore-forming enough power sources,which indicated that the deposits in the mining area are hypabyssal hydrothermal-type gold-antimony deposit with low temperature.Based on the above analysis results,the prospecting indicators of the mining area are summarized systematically,they are structure and geochemical anomalies combination indicators,geophysical anomalies indicators,wall rock alteration combination indicators and Au-As-Sb combination indicators.The research results in this paper can provide reference for the further prospecting exploration work and the research of regional gold-antimony metallogenic theory.
    Study on Power Supply Technology of Tailings Dam Online Monitoring System
    YU Le-Wen, ZHANG Da, ZHANG Yuan-Sheng, LU De-Sheng
    2016, 45(02):  122-124. 
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    In view of the current power supply situation of on-line monitoring system for tailings dam,such as harsh environment,frequently power outages and other problems,a new intelligent technique an device of power supply was developed,which were reliable and suitable to harsh environment.When the system suddenly meets power loss,it will be switched to intelligent device seamlessly.The on-line monitoring system for tailings dam also contains the wind and solar power generation system,to ensure that the monitoring system is not cut off and data is not lost.The test result shows that intelligent device of power supply is reliable for stable operation of the tailings dam on-line monitoring system.
    Analysis and Improvement of Rotary Braking Structure in Self-moving Crushing Station
    CHEN Xi-Hong, LI Wei-Wei, YE Long, LANG Meng
    2016, 45(02):  125-127. 
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    Self-moving crushing station is a kind of crushing apparatus in open-pit mine.In order to improve production efficiency,parts of relevant travelling device above its travelling mechanism can be rotated as a whole circle,and stopped in the optional position and locked in the present position.Because of the worse working environment,it is difficult to escape from touching the bin of the crushing station in discharge of excavator,which leads to the drive unit of the rotating mechanism in the crushing station damaged.Because rotary mechanism locates in the key structural position,when it is damaged,it is hard to maintain or change the unit.It would directly influence working efficiency and service life of crushing station.Facing with the issues appeared,a kind of solution which adopts the new braking structure is proposed.This braking structure is reliable for the movement of the rotating mechanism,and simultaneously has the protective function to the drive unit parts.Meanwhile,the braking structure needs small space,and the friction piece is easy to be replaced after worn.
    Software Design of Mining Subsidence Prediction Based on Triangle Subdivision Algorithm
    XU Meng-Qiang, CHA Jian-Feng
    2016, 45(02):  128-131. 
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    Mining subsidence prediction is an important part of the study of mining subsidence,most of the existing mining subsidence prediction softwares are developed based on the rectangle subdivision model,which have the disadvantages of poor adaptability and low accuracy of the mining subsidence prediction results.Aiming at the defects of the existing mining subsidence softwares,firstly,based on the triangle partition model and the corrected angular point coordinates,the mining working face is divided into multiple independent triangles based on VB programme language;then,the double variable step size Simpson algorithm is adopted to calculate the displacement and deformation caused by each triangle mining working face based on probability integral method;finally,the mining subsidence prediction results of each triangle mining working face are conducted superposition to realize the mining subsidence prediction of each mining working face with high precision and the visual output of the mining subsidence prediction results.The experimental results show that:①the mining subsidence prediction method based on triangle subdivision algorithm overcomes the shortcomings of the rectangular subdivision such as processing the mining working face with high difficult,equivalent subdivision and so on,the engineering needs can be satisfied,at the same time,the mining subsidence monitoring data processing flow is simplified,therefore,the accuracy and reliability of the mining subsidence prediction results are improved;②the mining subsidence prediction and parameters inversion system development based on triangle subdivision algorithm with prefect stability and practicability,it can provide scientific basis for the design of "three-underground"coal mining scheme,environmental protection of mining area and land reclamation of mining area,besides that,it also contribute to the realization of green mining.
    Searching for the Slip Surface of Soil Slopes Based on the Breeding Fish Algorithm
    HU Jun, WANG Kai-Kai, HUANG Gui-Chen
    2016, 45(02):  132-136. 
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    The problem of the stability of soil slopes has always been a key subject of soil mechanics,and search for the most dangerous sliding surface is the key to make the stability evaluation.The breeding fish algorithm is introduced into the critical slip surface search for the soil slope stability analysis.Based on the standard fish algorithm,the method relies on the law of the natural ecological breeding,which contains the ideas such as eating and mating competition,improving the efficiency of the algorithm,and overcoming its defects of easy to get caught in a local optimum of complex function with the late slow convergence.Combining with two typical examples to search minimum safety factor of slope and the critical sliding surface,the calculation results show that,compared with conventional methods,this method has better convergence effect and precision,and provides a new search method for soil slope stability analysis.
    Slope Critical Vibration Velocity and Safety Distance Calculation under the Blasting Dynamic Load
    ZHANG Ya-Bin, ZHANG Yun-Peng, CHEN Chao
    2016, 45(02):  137-140. 
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    Though the finite element numerical simulation,the method which is used to calculate the slope dynamic safety factor is put forward,combined with monitoring data of blasting ground vibration.Through the dynamic finite element and time-histories analysis,the change characteristics that safety factor declines with the blasting loading increase is obtained.When the safety factor is one,the slope is in the critical state.At this moment,the particle velocity is the critical value,and the slope critical vibration velocity is calculated out by the interpolation method.Combined with the blasting seismic wave propagation law,blasting safety distance is gained inversely,which provides scientific and effective reference for the slope maintenance and production blasting.
    Multiple Information Monitoring and Analysis of Slope in Washan Stope
    TAI Wei, REN Fen-Hua, LIU Wen-Sheng
    2016, 45(02):  141-145. 
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    In view of the slope stability problems in the process of development and mining of hanging wall ore of Washan pit,the main pit of Nanshan Iron Mine,three monitoring methods including monitoring radar of stability,deep multi-point displacement meter and drilling dynamometer are adopted to realize real-time monitoring on slope and to establish a three-dimensional monitoring network of slope surface displacement,deep displacement and deep stress.According to monitoring and analysis,it is concluded that:blasting vibration is the main external factor affecting slope stability,and the preferred structural plane is the major internal factor affecting slope stability;Slope internal stress rate is considered as a criterion of the slope instability and is more advanced compared with the displacement rate;The multivariate information monitoring network of the slope surface displacement,deep multi-point displacement and deep stress monitoring is established to effectively predict the stability of the slope and ensure mining safety of hanging wall ore at stope.
    Application of Semi Enclosed Grouting Method to Tunnel Water Gushing Treatment in Beishan Mine
    ZENG Yue-Song, ZHOU Yun, ZHANG Shao-He
    2016, 45(02):  146-150. 
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    Guangxi Beishan Ore suffered from water gushing when tunneling in 0 meter level.In order to prevent water flowing into tunnel from three direction,semi enclosed grouting method was applied to plug water gushing.Due to the highly irregular fault fracture,the rates of gushing water from drilling hole are different greatly.In order to ensure the grouting effect,different formula of cement-silicate slurry was adopted for fractures with different rate of gushing water.The flow of water in the borehole is used to estimate the amount of grouting in this fracture,in order to optimize the parameters of grouting and grouting construction technique.Finally,the effect of grouting is analyzed by the method of check-up hole method and grouting quantity distribution feature method.The results are consistent with the actual results after excavation.Anyway,grouting construction method in Guangxi Beishan mine is good with small project amount and fast construction progress,which is worth applying to the similar projects.
    Numerical Simulation of Ventilation and Cooling in Excavation Roadway and Analysis of Influencing Factors
    DU Cui-Feng, XU Zhe, TANG Zhan-Xin, WANG Ya-Kun
    2016, 45(02):  151-155. 
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    The ventilation cooling experiment was conducted in Xiadian Gold mine's No.38 excavation roadway at underground -682 m.Fluent software was used to simulate the numerical statistics of tunneling velocity and temperature distribution under the experimental conditions to validate the reliability of the method.The influence of various factors on the ventilation cooling process is studied.A changing rule of airflow temperature with air volume,air inlet temperature and wall temperature in the excavation roadway is derived and the influence factors are listed as air inlet temperature,wall temperature and air volume in descending order.The airflow temperature in excavation roadway increases linearly as the air inlet temperature or the wall temperature increases.It is an available measure to bring down airflow temperature by increasing air volume,but the cooling effect weakens as air volume increases.
    Study on the Calculation Program of Refrigeration in Single Heading Face of Metal Mine
    WANG Shuang, JIA Min-Tao, REN Jia-Ze, HOU Hua-Bo-4
    2016, 45(02):  156-159. 
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    Calculation of refrigerating capacity required by single heading face cooling in metal mine can provide basis for the selection of cooling machine.With local pressure fan ventilation for the hypothesis,the cooling calculation model of single heading face in metal mine is set up and the calculation program of refrigerating capacity for single heading roadway is written using the Visual Basic.Then FLUENT6.3 software was used to simulate the cooling calculation model of single heading roadway in metal mines.The simulation results showed that the cooling capacity calculated by the calculation model of single-heading roadway can make the air flow for cooling the heading face reach the thermal environment parameters of the tunneling face.This model can provide reference and help for on-site cooling engineering designer and technical personnel.
    Prediction of Mining Subsidence Based on D-InSAR Combined with Probability Integral Model
    WANG Lei, DENG Ka-Zhong, XUE Ji-Qun, YU De-Liang
    2016, 45(02):  160-163. 
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    The vegetation is covered on the surface in mining area on a large scale,mining subsidence speed is fast and mining subsidence quantity is large,which generate the geological disasters is more serious than general surface subsidence,besides that,it is easy to make the two SAR images loss for coherence and phase unwrapping errors.In order to overcome the limitations of low coherence of SAR images in mining area and the missing of central phase of subsidence basin,combing with the differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (D-InSAR) and the probability integral method based on genetic algorithm,a mining subsidence basin monitoring and predicting method is proposed.Some D-InSAR monitoring values that are obtained at the edge of the subsidence basin in mining area with the characteristics of high coherence and marked subsidence and a few monitoring values that are obtained near of the maximum subsidence points and inflection points in the mining basin in mining area are used to conducted the experiments of II3720 working face of a coal mine.To be specific,firstly,the probability integral model is used to conduct inversion the parameters of probability integral prediction method and they are optimized by genetic algorithm in a few times;then,the optimized parameters of probability integral method are adopted to predict the subsidence basin in mining area.The experimental result show that the parameters and subsidence values of the subsidence basin in mining area obtained by the method proposed in this paper are consistent to the practical measured data basically,it is contributed to overcome the deficiencies of the low precise of the SAR images prediction results with poor interference effect,the subsidence basin in mining area can be predicted effectively based on a few measured data,the method proposed in this paper can provide reference for improving the precise of the mining subsidence monitoring and predicting.
    Mining Subsidence Prediction Method Based on Genetic BP Neural Network Model
    MAO Wen-Jun
    2016, 45(02):  164-167. 
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    Aiming at the problems of the poor controllability and maneuverability and low accuracy of the conventional mining subsidence method,using the BP neural network model to conduct the mining subsidence by fitting of the heights of mining area is a ideal mining subsidence prediction method.But the traditional BP neural network model is the back propagation algorithm,the connection weights and thresholds of the BP neural network system can be obtained by experimental calculation in many times,the deficiencies of the BP neural network are easily falling into local minimum values,slow convergence,and so on.The parameters of the BP neural network model area optimized by genetic algorithm (GA) to improve the generalization ability of the BP neural network model to establish the genetic BP neural network model (GA-BP).25 sets of monitoring points values that are conducted the third level measurement of the first working face of the mining area are used as training samples (15 sets of monitoring points values) and prediction samples (the other 10 sets of monitoring points values) of the genetic BP neural network (GA-BP) respectively,the experimental results show that the internal precision and external precision of the genetic BP neural network model (GA-BP) are higher than the BP neural network model and quadric surface fitting method,besides that,the residuals of the BP neural network model (GA-BP) are lower than the BP neural network model and quadric surface fitting method.The above research results show that the genetic BP neural network model (GA-BP) is good to realize the high-precision mining subsidence prediction.
    Evaluation and Division of the Geological Environment of Gangxia Rare Earth Mine Based on MapGIS
    WANG Ting-Ru
    2016, 45(02):  168-171. 
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    In order to conduct comprehensive evaluation of the geological environment of the typical monomer mine with small distribution area and specified minerals,taking the Gangxia rare earth mine of Ganzhou city,Jiangxi province as the research example,based on filed geological investigation,large amounts of information of Gangxia rare earth mine are obtained,such as the topography and hydrogeology conditions,formation lithology,geological structure,mining methods and intensity and mining exploitation and utilization status etc,besides that,they are analyzed in detail.The landform information and regional importance information are extracted and the geological environment evaluation units are divided based on MapGIS software.Based on MapGIS software,the grey correlation degree model,matter-element model and BP neural network model are adopted to conduct comprehensive evaluation and division of the geological environment of Gangxia rare earth mine respectively,the average geological evaluation results of the above models are obtained,the results show that:①the serious region area of geological environment of Gangxia rare earth mine is 1.222 1 km2,which is the 24.8% of the total area of the study area approximately,they are distributed in heap leaching mining region,tailings stacking region,in-situ leaching mining region with steep terrain slope;②the more serious region area of geological environment of Gangxia rare earth mine is 1.504 0 km2,which is the 30.6% of the total area of the study area approximately,they are distributed in the in-situ leaching mining region with slower terrain slope and bigger mining intensity;③the minor region area of geological environment of Gangxia rare earth mine is 2.190 7 km2,which is the 44.6% of the total area of the study area approximately,they area distributed in the in-situ leaching mining region with slower terrain slope and smaller mining intensity and virgin mining region.The above research results can provide reference for the geological environmental settlement and resources exploitation and utilization in the mining area.
    Adsorption Mechanism of Uranium of Immobilizing Activated Carbon
    YU Qing, DING De-Xin, LI Deng-Ke, YU Yuan-Ping, LUO Yi, WANG Qi-Fang
    2016, 45(02):  172-175. 
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    To find the effects of immobilizing activated carbon made by activated carbon and Na-alginate as embedding agents biosorption performances on U(Ⅵ),biosorption experiment was conducted on immobilizing activated carbon biosorption on U(Ⅵ).Results showed that at the solution initial pH=5.0,initial concentration of uranium is 0.4 mg/L,the adsorbent dosage is 0.7 g/L,adsorption equilibrium will obtained for 6 h,uranium adsorption quantity is 1.7 mg/g,uranium adsorption rate is 84.50%.Research of adsorption mechanism revealed that the adsorption of U(Ⅵ) by immobilized activated carbon fixes the Langmuir model and pseudo-second dynamics model.
    Experiment on Reconcentration of Tailings from a Copper Plant in Yunnan
    GE Bao-Liang, ZHANG Jin-Lu, WANG Xian-Qiang, YANG Chun-Gang, DI De-Ping, JIAO Xin
    2016, 45(02):  176-180. 
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    Slime content in a copper plant in Yunnan is very high,result in high copper grade in tailings.Tailings also has large amount of slime.Copper mainly exists in +37 μm fraction,with distribution rate of 66.07%,yield rate of -10 μm is 44.39%,while copper distribution is only 11.41%.Using cyclone desliming and decarburization pretreatment process,with hydrocyclone taper angle of 10°,grit mouth diameter of 3 mm,feeding pressure is 0.15 MPa,feeding concentration is 11%,grit with copper grade of 2.35% and recovery of 72.41% was obtained.Settling in copper mainly exists in form of secondary copper sulfide,oxidation rate of copper is above 30%.In order to determine reasonable settling separation process,copper sulfide and copper oxide in turn separation,and copper sulfide and copper oxide mixed separation principle process comparison was carried on.The results show that index of copper sulfide and copper oxide in turn separation process is better than that of copper sulfide and copper oxide mixed separation technique.At grinding fineness is 90% passing 0.074 mm,sodium silicate and sodium hexametaphosphate as the gangue inhibitors,sodium sulfide as the copper oxide mineral activator,butyl xanthate as collector,via three roughing-two cleaning-one scavenging closed circuit flotation process,copper concentrate with copper grade of 15.16% and yield recovery of 81.05% recovery to raw ore of 58.69% was obtained.