Loading...
Welcome to Metal Mine! Today is Share:
×

扫码分享

Table of Content

    15 July 2019, Volume 48 Issue 07
    Previous Issue    Next Issue
    Analysis of Mining Disturbance Relationship and Synergistic Step between Two Adjacent Orebodies
    CHEN Qing-Fa, YANG Cheng-Ye, XIAO Ti-Qun
    2019, 48(07):  1-7. 
    Asbtract ( 587 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    For the two adjacent orebodies underground mining of metal deposits，it is important to understand the mining disturbance relationship and the mining step distance between them to achieve optimal mining of mineral resources and safety management of ground pressure.Previous studies have focused on the influence of mining sequence on the stress distribution state of surrounding rock，and have not theoretically analyzed the disturbance relationship between two adjacent ore- bodies in detail.Based on the concept of synergistic mining，the disturbance relations of two adjacent orebodies under different dip angles and different ore intervals are analyzed，the corresponding synergistic step calculation formula is given，and the engineering case analysis is carried out in combination with the two steeply inclined adjacent orebodies of Shandong Huibaoling Iron Mine and the two gently inclined adjacent orebodies of Yunnan Dounan Manganese Mine.The study results show that:①there is only one type of lower orebody mining to disturb the upper orebody in the horizontal-slowly inclined two adjacent orebodies，and the inclined-slanting two adjacent orebodies can be divided into three types:undisturbed relationship，single orebody disturbance relationship and mutual disturbance relationship between two orebodies；②the corresponding calculation formula of the synergistic distance of two adjacent orebodies is synthetically determined by the mining method and the relevant parameters of the orebody；③the two steeply inclined adjacent orebodies of Huibaoling Iron Mine should be synchronously recovered，and the V8 ore of the two gently inclined adjacent orebodies in Yunnan Dounan Manganese Mine should be advanced by two ore blocks in the V7a ore layer.The above study results can provide reference for the safe，efficient，green and cooperative mining of two adjacent orebodies in underground mines.
    Study on the Collaborative Disposal Technology of Large-scale "Left Over" Goaf Mining by Caving Method
    WANG Wei-Ping, LU Yu-Gen, DUAN Qing-Bao, HOU Da-De, WANG Liang, SUN Xiu-Zhu
    2019, 48(07):  8-13. 
    Asbtract ( 514 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The non-pillar sublevel caving method mainly treats the goaf by caving overlying surrounding rock，and for large “left over” goaf that have not been filled up，the issue of ground pressure safety has not been fundamentally lifted.When the volume of the goaf reaches a certain level，it is prone to cause sudden collapse and instability，resulting in a large impact pressure.It poses a major threat to personnel and production safety in the mine. Taking the “left over” goaf of Xieertala Pb-Zn Mine as the study example，a set of collaborative disposal technology is established to analyze its stability by means of numerical simulation and treat the goaf by means of closed shaft to relieve pressure.At the same time，an advanced microseismic monitoring network is built to conduct all-weather tracking monitoring analysis and early warning to rock movement and goaf stability，and the goal of risk menagement and control for “left over” goal with large scale is realized.The above study results can provide a reliable disposal plan for mines with large-scale “left over”goaf.
    Impact-ramming Effect of Unloading on Stored Materials and Its Prevention in Vertical Orepass
    LU Zeng-Xiang, MA Chi, WU Xiao-Xu
    2019, 48(07):  14-18. 
    Asbtract ( 507 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The impacting of the movement of ore or rock in a vertical orepass on the stored materials could ram the loose materials，draw the suspension arch and the blockage of orepass.On the basis of summing up the movement characteristics of ore or rock in vertical orepass，the energy conversion and dissipation characteristics of the whole process of material movement are analyzed，the mechanism and the process of moving ore or rock impact-ramming on stored materials in the orepass are discussed，and the comprehensive measures for preventing impact-ramming are given combined with an example on mines.The study results show that:①when the ore or rock block falls in a vertical orepass，the impact energy on the stored materials at the orepass bottom is proportional to the height of the ore or rock falling and the quality of the falling ore or rock block；②the impact force of falling ore or rock is transferred between ore or rock blocks in the orepass formed a “force chain” effect，the greater the impact force，the greater the ramming degree and scope of densification，the ramming range is inversely proportional to the velocity of the energy dissipation in the impact process；③the effective measures to prevent the impact-ramming of the material stored in the orepass is controlling the size of ore or rock entering the orepass and reducing the falling distance of ore-rock blocks in the orepass.
    Filling Super-large Goaf with Solid Waste under Large-scale Mechanized Operation
    HE Biao-Qing, JIAN Wen-Bin
    2019, 48(07):  19-25. 
    Asbtract ( 549 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Aiming at the technical problems of high cost，high technical difficulty，high safety risk and low efficiency of traditional treatment methods for super-large goaf，the idea of organic combination of solid waste resource utilization and goaf treatment is discussed，the corresponding filling treatment of large goaf with solid waste is proposed，and filling technology and safety control method are given.Taking a mine in Longyan，Fujian Province as an example，firstly，the stability of three super-large goafs is analyzed by Mathews stability graphic method，it is show that large-scale mechanized filling operation can be carried out in these goafs；then，the properties and rational proportion of waste filling materials are tested and studied，and the reasonable material ratio of construction waste and tailings sand (volume ratio) is 5∶2；finally，the influence of the goafs after filling to its lower iron orebodies mining activities is analyzed，after mining operation，the roof displacement is 5~8 mm，two sides displacement is 2~4 mm，the overall displacement is small，the goaf stability is good.Through the comprehensive analysis of the disposal cost of the goafs and the income of the construction waste，the average cost is about 9.13 yuan/m2，which is much lower than that of other goaf filling methods.The study results indicated that the treatment method of super-large goaf by filling solid waste with large-scale mechanized operation can not only solve the problem of stability of super-large goaf，reduce mining cost and improves operation efficiency，but also suit the practical needs of treating super-large goaf and utilizing solid waste resources in non-coal mines.
    Study on the Prediction Model of the Strength of Cemented Backfill Based on Wave Velocity and Density
    CHENG Ai-Ping, DONG Fu-Song, ZHANG Yu-Shan, WANG Ping, DAI Shun-Yi
    2019, 48(07):  26-31. 
    Asbtract ( 512 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Compressive strength is an important index to characterize the mechanical properties of cemented backfill.It is the basic basis for determining the filling scheme of the stope.Therefore，it is of great significance to determine the compressive strength value of cemented backfill quickly and accurately.The influencing factors of the strength of cemented backfill are discussed，in order to overcome the inaccuracy of single prediction factor and complexity of excessive prediction factors，two parameters of initial ultrasonic wave velocity and density of cemented backfill that are easier to obtained are selected.The wave velocity-density double parameter prediction index T is established，then，the strength prediction model of cementation backfill is indicated by using the predictive index，and the performance of the model is verified.The study results show that:①the influence factors of the uniaxial compressive strength of cemented backfill including composition，structural size and curing environment，the main influencing factors is composition；②curve fitting analysis of the test data is done by using the strength prediction model established in this paper and typical strength prediction respectively，the comparative analysis results show that the curve fitting effects of the newly established model is better than the other，the correlative coefficient is above 0.98，which further indicated that the strength prediction model newly established can effectively predict the strength of cemented backfill.The above study results indicated that the it is feasible to predict the strength of cemented backfill with two parameters of wave velocity and density，therefore，the new ideal for accurately predicting the strength of cemented backfill.
    Investigation and Optimization of Pipeline Resistance Loss of Full Tailings Slurry
    GAN De-Qing, XUE Na, LIU Zhi-Yi, XUE Zhen-Lin, JIA Yu-Na
    2019, 48(07):  32-40. 
    Asbtract ( 709 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Because of its own characteristics， the filling mining technology has been vigorously promoted in the mining field， and the determination of reasonable filling slurry ratio scheme and technical parameters of pipeline transportation in filling system is an important prerequisite to ensure the safe， efficient and stable operation of the whole filling system. Taking an iron mine in Tangshan as an example， the filling slurry with a lime-sand ratio of 1∶8 was selected as the test object， the diameters of the test pipeline 140 mm， 160 mm， 180 mm， 200 mm， 220 mm， 240 mm and 260 mm， and 68%， 70%， 72% and 74% of the filling slurry concentration are respectively selected to analyze the factors affecting the resistance loss of the filling slurry pipeline. The results show that the pipeline resistance loss is inversely proportional to the pipe diameter， and the higher the slurry concentration， the greater the pipe resistance loss； When the pipeline diameter increases to 240 mm and 260 mm， the slurry flow velocity at the bottom of the pipeline will be so rapid that the bottom pipeline is easily worn； In order to achieve the balance of mining and filling in the mine production， it is suggested that the pipe diameter of the mine be 200 mm or 220 mm， and the slurry transport concentration be 70%.
    Stability Analysis of Large-span Rock Drilling Chamber under Dynamic and Static Combination
    YAN Qi, YANG Fu-Bo, CHEN Gang, WANG Xiao-Jun, SUI Can
    2019, 48(07):  41-48. 
    Asbtract ( 514 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A copper mine in Anhui Province adopts a large-diameter vertical deep-hole stage chamber mining method.The first mining stope has a mining depth of 800 m and a span of 30 m.The blasting vibration greatly disturbs the surrounding rock mass and the stope structure，and the rock mass energy is induced by the large blasting process. The release and transfer are likely to form the main structural instability of the stope and threaten the safety of mining.In order to study the stability of large-span rock drilling chamber under the action of dynamic and static combination，according to the actual situation of the mine，based on FLAC3D 5.0 numerical simulation software，numerical simulation analysis of the stability of the 201 large-span rock drilling chamber in the first mining section of the copper mine under dynamic and static load combination is done，and the comparison analysis of the numerical simulation results and on-site monitoring results are conducted.The study results show that:during the mining process，the maximum principal stress and plastic zone are mainly concentrated on the column，the displacement of the roof is increased after the support of the column is lost，and the support of the column is obvious；after the mining is completed，all of the columns are recovered and the displacement of the roof is reached，the maximum value of the column becomes the main support structure，the rock drilling chamber is relatively stable during the whole mining process，and the analysis results are consistent with the monitoring results.It is recommended that the width of the rock-filled chamber column should be appropriately increased before the subsequent mining and the joint support of the anchor net can be implemented to improve the pressure resistance；the influence of the blasting vibration on the roof can be reduced by adjusting the blasting parameters， and long anchor cable support of the roof of the middle part of the rock chamber can be conducted；the monitoring of the vulnerable areas in the simulation and monitoring results can be carried out to provide valuable reference information for avoiding geostress disasters in the subsequent mining process.
    Experimental Study on Durability of Composite Fiber Reinforced Concrete in Mine Laneway
    ZHANG Xin-Min
    2019, 48(07):  49-53. 
    Asbtract ( 531 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Taking the supporting structure of mine roadway as the research background， the durability of composite fiber reinforced concrete was investigated and compared with that of the plain concrete. The conclusions are shown as follows: ①The impermeability test shows that the seepage height of CFC reaches 12.0 mm， which is lower than 14.2 mm of plain concrete； ②Early crack test shows that the crack reduction coefficient of CFC reaches 0.66， which can effectively reduce early cracking； ③Through carbonization test， electric flux test and sulfate corrosion test， the composite fiber concrete obtained has features of small carbonization depth， large electric flux and strong erosion resistance. The results can provide a reference for the research and application of composite fiber spraying concrete in mine roadway to a certain extent.
    Research on the Dynamic Optimization of Open-pit Mine Based on Whittle
    HE Chang-Sheng
    2019, 48(07):  54-59. 
    Asbtract ( 524 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The delineation of mining boundary is the basis of open-pit mining design，the results of boundary optimization directly restrict the overall development benefits of the mine.Due to a series of non-linear dynamic problems such as complex and changeable geological rock mass，disordered grade distribution and changeable economic parameters are existed in the mining process of open-pit mine.However，the above problems are not effectively considered by the major boundary optimization method.In order to realize the economic dynamic evaluation of open-pit mine boundary optimization and mine stripping equilibrium，combing with the optimization of open-pit boundary with geological grade and occurrence stage of orebody，based on geological database，three-dimensional solid model and block grade model of orebody are established by using SURPAC software.Meanwhile，with the aid of boundary dynamic optimization analysis software Whittle，and combined with the specific situation of a mine，a series of open-pit boundary optimization schemes are proposed by combining floating cone method with LG graph theory under certain technical and economic conditions.According to the design and production scale of the mine，schedule production for each boundary scheme is done，and consider the time value of the fundsthe discount rate is introduced，the maximum net present value （NPV） of each scheme after comparison is obtained.The scheme with the largest net present value （NPV） is determined to be the optimal one. The study results show that the efficient dynamic optimization of open-pit boundary under dynamic conditions is realized by using the optimization scheme proposed in this paper，which can also provides a new idea for the optimization of open-pit mining boundary.
    Improvement of the Attenuation Formula of Blasting Vibration Velocity Based on Quasi-rock Mass Tensile Strength
    WAN Si-Peng, ZHANG Yi-Ping, TAO Tie-Jun, CHI 恩An, LUO Yi
    2019, 48(07):  60-64. 
    Asbtract ( 573 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The predicted error of the particle blasting vibration velocity by using Sadovsky formula can be up to 200%~300% in medium or near blasting zone，which is not conducive to the accurate prediction of the blasting vibration velocity in medium or near blasting zone.The phenomenon of the rock fall and radial crack propagation caused by the tensile failure of the near-zone compression stress wave in the blasting is more obvious，and these tensile failure phenomena accelerate the decay process of the blasting vibration speed to a certain extent.In order to study the influence of rock mass tensile strength to the attenuation of blasting vibration velocity in medium or near blasting zone，based on the analysis of the existing attenuation formulas of blasting vibration velocity both at home and abroad，14 influence factors of peak blasting vibration velocity are discussed，and dimensional analysis are conducted by selecting 9 main factors of them.By considering the tensile strength of quasi-rock mass，the improved blasting vibration velocity attenuation formula is derived.Based on the engineering example of an open-pit iron mine，by using 1st0pt software，multivariate nonlinear regression analysis for the improved attenuation formula and Sadovsky formula are done respectively.The study results show that the average relative prediction error of the particle blasting vibration velocity based on the improved attenuation formula is 8.41% and 7.01% of the south and north area of the mining area，which are higher than the ones of the traditional attenuation formula.The improved attenuation formula can provide the reliable reference for the blasting operation of open-pit mine.
    Prediction of Pre-split Blasting Effect Based on BP Neural Network
    QI Liu-Yang, WANG De-Sheng, LIU Zhan-Quan, CUI Feng, XU Xiao-Dong, GUO Jian-Xin
    2019, 48(07):  65-69. 
    Asbtract ( 520 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to simplify the prediction process of mine pre-split blasting effect and improve the accuracy of prediction，in view of the traditional effect of pre-split blasting，which focuses on the defects of pre-split slope formation，considering that the slope of open-pit mine is often affected by the dynamic load such as blasting rock vibration，a neural network prediction method of mine pre-splitting effect based on considering both the slope forming standard and the impact of blasting vibration on slope is proposed.The parameters such as single hole charge，average hole depth，hole spacing，peak vibration velocity （horizontal，vertical），main vibration frequency （horizontal，vertical），blasting distance and so on are used as input parameters of neural network.Parameters such as average vibration speed，half-hole rate，roughness and fracture coefficient are taken as the output parameters of the neural network.An prediction method of mine pre-splitting blasting effect is established based on 24 blasting technical data of adjacent slope.3 on-site blasting prediction test results show that the rock properties，engineering geological conditions an other factors related to the control of pre-splitting blasting effect are simplified and integrated into the neural network by its self-organizing structure.Therefore，the relative error of the average vibration velocity can be controlled at about 7% by the trained neural network using this data type，and the relative error of the half-porosity，roughness and fracture coefficient can be controlled at about 3%.
    Experimental Research on Flotation Desulfurization of a Magnetic Separation Iron Concentrate in Shanxi
    WANG Ying-Zi, HU Yi-Ming, ZHOU Yong-Cheng
    2019, 48(07):  70-74. 
    Asbtract ( 571 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The iron grade of magnetic separation concentrate is 65.16% and the contents of sulfur is up to 2.62%. The major iron mineral is magnetite， accounting for 92.23% of total iron. The major sulfur minerals are pyrite and pyrrhotite， which account for 53.72% and 45.67% of the total sulfur， respectively. Sulfur is mainly in the coarse fractions （+100 mesh）and fine fractions （-325 mesh）， and more than 70% sulfur distributed below 200 mesh. In order to reduce the contents of sulfur， the reverse flotation desulphurization experiments are carried out with iron concentrate. The results showed that the sample is treated with closed-circuit process one roughing and one cleaning-scavenging with tailing of cleaning and scavenging， and concentrate of scavenging returning to roughing. In the case of butyl xanthate dosages of 400 g/t in roughing and 100 g/t in cleaning， H106 dosages of 950 g/t in roughing and 450 g/t in cleaning， and terpenic dosages of 50 g/t in roughing and 20 g/t in cleaning， iron concentrate was obtained with iron grade of 66.59%， sulfur grade of 0.29%， iron recovery rate of 91.40% and sulfur concentrate was obtained with sulfur grade of 22.13%， iron grade of 52.75%， sulfur recovery rate of 90.07%
    Study on Optimization of Beneficiation Process of Roasting Ore in Shaft Furnace of JISCO Jingtieshan
    CUI Jin-Bing, CHEN Tie-Jun, ZHOU Xian-Lin, LUO Yan-Hong, LIU Wei, LU Qi-Cai
    2019, 48(07):  75-79. 
    Asbtract ( 586 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Magnetic pulley preconcentration, the second roasting of underburned ore and discarding, grinding, low intensity magnetic separation were used to treat the roasting ore of JISCO Jingtieshan specularite. In order to solve the problems of low grinding efficiency, low concentrate iron grade and low iron recovery of specularite in shaft furnace, the beneficiation tests were carried out. The results showed that the final iron concentrate with iron grade of 58.31% and recovery rate of 84.39% can be obtained after being crushed to 0~5 mm, dry preconcentration with powder ore, grinding-low intensity magnetic separation of dry concentrate and the second roasting-grinding-low intensity magnetic separation of dry middling. The yield of dry tailing is 7.56% and the iron grade is 7.75%, and the yield of middling requiring the second roasting is 18.03%. Compared with the actual site index, the iron grade of concentrate is about 3% higher and the iron recovery rate is about 2% higher with the new process. Therefore, the new process is an appropriate process for roasted ore on site, which realizes the effect of energy conservation and emission reduction, cost reduction and quality improvement.
    Study on the Recovery Effect of High Slime Copper Oxide Ores Using Cyclone Desliming
    CHEN Shui-Bo, HUANG Sheng, JI An-Kun, WEI Zhuan-Hua
    2019, 48(07):  80-84. 
    Asbtract ( 578 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The copper grade of high slime copper oxide ores is 4.26%， and the main copper minerals are malachite， followed by chalcocite， chrysocolla and shattuckite. The gangue minerals are mainly argillaceous siltstone， quartz silt， sericite and chlorite and so on. In view of the problem that the slime of copper oxide ores in the flotation process deteriorates the flotation， consumes a large amount of flotation agents and affects the flotation index， the flotation tests of direct sulphidizing flotation and mechanical desliming using cyclone were carried out for the ores with grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounting for 64.04% （-0.010 mm accounting for 14.05%）， and the copper sulfide ores were selected firstly. The results showed that the copper leaching rate of the fine slime（yield of 12.64% and the copper grade of 4.82% treated by cyclone） is 95.26% after leaching process. The copper grade ， copper recovery rate and copper comprehensive recovery rate of the underflow （yield of 87.36% and the copper grade of 3.32% treated by cyclone） is 24.75%，67.47% and 84.01% respectively， after two roughing flotation . The copper concentrate with copper grade of 19.79% and recovery rate of 75.09% were obtained by directly sulphidizing flotation， and the copper grade of tailing reached up to 1.02%. Compared with the direct flotation of high slime copper oxide ores， the desliming flotation process is more stable and controllable， and can get ideal copper recovery index and lower dosage of flotation agents， which is a prospecting process.
    Flotation Separation Tests of Copper and Lead-Zinc in a Complex Polymetallic Sulfide Ores in Gansu Province
    YUAN Qin-Zhi, QIU Ting-Sheng, WANG Meng-Yu-1
    2019, 48(07):  85-91. 
    Asbtract ( 486 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The Cu， Pb， Zn， Au， Ag， and S grades of a copper-lead-zinc polymetallic sulfide ores in Gansu are 0.75%， 2.50%， 5.30%， 2.80 g/t， 120 g/t， and 14.20%， respectively， which are worthy to recycle. However， the effective separation of copper and lead-zinc had not progressed in the early study. In this paper， experimental study of focusing on the effective separation of copper and lead-zinc without affecting the separation and recovery of other elements was carried out. The results showed that the principle process of full mixed flotation-mixed concentrate desulfurization， multi-stage grinding and the separation of copper and lead-zinc was carried out. Cu， Pb， Zn grade and Cu recovery rate in the copper concentrate were 21.42%， 3.61%， 4.28%， 71.69% respectively. Pb， Zn， Cu grade and Pb， Zn recovery rate in the mixed lead-zinc concentrate were 13.46%， 28.52%， 1.01%， 93.04%， and 92.98%， respectively. The key to achieve effective separation of copper and lead-zinc was the combination of lead-zinc inhibitor sodium sulfite + sulfurous acid + FY and the fine-grinding deep-concentrating process.
    Research on Flotation Tests of a Cu-Pb-Zn Polymetallic Sulfide Ore
    DONG Yan-Hong, CHEN Dai-Xiong, YANG Jian-Wen, XIAO Jun, HU Bo, ZENG Hui-Ming
    2019, 48(07):  92-96. 
    Asbtract ( 594 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Useful metal minerals in a copper-lead-zinc polymetallic sulfide ore are mainly galena， sphalerite and chalcopyrite， followed by bornite， azurite， hemimorphite ， anglesite and so on. Mineral processing tests were carried out in order to determine the technological process for recovering copper， lead and zinc. The results showed that one-roughing， three-cleaning and two-scavenging for copper-lead mixed flotation， one-roughing， three-cleaning and two-scavenging for copper-lead separation flotation， one-roughing， two-cleaning and one-scavenging for zinc flotation were adopted when the grinding fineness is 0.074 mm accounted for 75%. The copper concentrate with copper grade of 22.13% and copper recovery of 80.08%， lead concentrate with lead grade of 62.32% and lead recovery of 79.63%， zinc concentrate with zinc grade of 52.56% and zinc recovery of 82.20% were obtained. In the process of copper and lead separation， CHP， an environment-friendly lead combined inhibitor without cyanide or chromium， is the key to realize the efficient separation of copper and lead.
    Flotation Tests of Lead and Zinc on a Low Grade Lead-zinc Sulfide Ore in Inner Mongolia
    LIANG Tao-Mao, QIU Ting-Sheng, AI Guang-Hua
    2019, 48(07):  97-102. 
    Asbtract ( 543 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    A refractory lead-zinc sulfide ores with low grade and fine-grained disseminated in Inner Mongolia contains 1.47% lead and 1.93% zinc. In order to determine the utilization process of the ores， flotation tests of lead and zinc was carried out on the basis of process mineralogy. The results showed that: ① Lead and zinc in the ores are mainly in the form of sulfide phase. The Main metallic minerals in the ores are marmatite and galena， and the contents of pyrrhotite and pyrite are high. Galena ，marmatite and other minerals are coexistent. Galena is disseminated with medium-particles ， mainly between 0.64 mm and 0.01 mm grain size， while marmatite is disseminated with fine-particles， mainly between 0.16 mm and 0.01 mm grain size.② In the case of grinding fineness of 80% -0.074 mm，lead concentrate was obtained through one roughing， four cleaning and three scavenging flotation. Zinc primary concentrate was selected by one roughing four scavenging from lead tailings. After regrinding zinc primary concentrate to 90% -0.025 mm， zinc concentrate was obtained through four cleaning. Lead concentrate with lead grade of 52.23%，zinc grade of 3.18%，lead recovery rate of 74.81% and zinc concentrate with zinc grade of 42.05%，lead grade of 1.98%，zinc recovery rate of 85.83% were finally obtained. The process effectively realized the separation and recovery of lead and zinc.
    Optimization Research of a Lead-zinc Sulfide Ore Beneficiation Process in Qinghai
    ZHOU Hua-Rong, XU Yong-Wei, ZHANG Hui-Ting, WENG Cun-Jian, WANG Peng-Cheng-3, LUO Xian-Ping
    2019, 48(07):  103-107. 
    Asbtract ( 509 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Preferential flotation of lead at neutral medium， mixed flotation of zinc-sulfur and separation of zinc-sulfur process were adopted to treat ores in a lead-zinc sulfide ores concentrator of Qinghai province， which caused unstable production and unsatisfactory index. In order to solve the problems， beneficial tests was carried out in the process of preferential flotation of lead at neutral medium， preferential flotation of zinc at alkaline medium and sulfur separation after pulp condition with sulfuric acid. The results indicated that in the case of grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounting for 55%， lead was selected with one roughing-two cleaning-one scavenging， zinc was selected with one roughing-two cleaning-one scavenging and sulfur was selected with one flotation. The lead concentrate was obtained with lead grade of 70.72%， zinc grade of 2.14%， sulfur grade of 19.98%， gold grade of 1.92 g/t， silver grade of 1 322.45 g/t， lead recovery of 91.78%， gold recovery of 14.28% and silver recovery of 76.29%. The zinc concentrate was obtained with zinc grade of 48.86%， lead grade of 0.26%， sulfur grade of 32.67% and zinc recovery of 97.88%. The sulfur concentrate was obtained with sulfur grade of 47.44%， gold grade of 0.67 g/t， lead grade of 0.11%， zinc grade of 0.17%， sulfur recovery of 64.14% and gold recovery of 80.86%. The new process is more concise， and the production is more stable and smooth. Also， power consumption and reagent costs are reduced. In the same grade index of lead and zinc， the recovery of lead and zinc were increased by 0.50 and 4.32 percentage points， respectively. In addition， the flotation index of associated gold and silver were improved.
    Effect of Magnetization Treatment on Fluorite Flotation Behavior in Sodium Oleate System
    LI Qing-Qing, ZHOU Wen-Bo, LI Sai, TAO Li-Ming, YU Fan, ZHANG Li
    2019, 48(07):  108-112. 
    Asbtract ( 774 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to understand the effect of magnetization treatment on the flotation behavior of fluorite in sodium oleate system， flotation tests of fluorite pure mineral were carried out in the case of magnetized sodium oleate， magnetized flotation water or magnetized pulp. Amount of sodium oleate adsorbed on the surface of fluorite and zeta potential were studied. The results showed that: ①In the condition of pH=8， the concentration of sodium oleate 1.07×10-4 mol/L and the magnetic field intensity 200 mT， the recovery rate of pure mineral flotation tests were 94.48%， 93.07% and 91.48%， when the magnetization time of sodium oleate was 10 min， the magnetization time of flotation water and pulp were 30 min， respectively. The recovery rate of pure mineral flotation tests were 94.48%， 93.07%， and 91.48%， respectively. Compared with unmagnetized conditions， the recovery rate increased by 7.60， 6.19 and 4.60 percentage points， respectively. At the same time， the magnetization treatment can effectively reduce the usage amount of sodium oleate， accelerate the flotation rate of fluorite and reduce the cost of separation. ②All magnetized sodium oleate， water and pulp can increase the amount of sodium oleate adsorbed on the surface of fluorite. The increasing adsorption amount of magnetized sodium oleate is the most significant， followed by magnetized water. All magnetization treatment can negatively shift the zeta potential of the fluorite surface， indicating that the magnetization treatment promotes the adsorption of oleate ions on the surface of the fluorite. ③In artificial mixed mineral flotation tests， magnetization promoted the fluorite flotation. In the conditions of no magnetization， magnetized pulp， magnetized water and sodium oleate， the fluorite concentrate grade were 94.57%， 94.70%， 94.75% and 95.94%， respectively， the fluorite recovery rates were 86.60%， 89.89%， 93.01% and 95.35%， respectively. The recovery rates of fluorite using magnetized pulp， magnetized water and sodium oleate were increased by 3.29， 6.41 and 8.75 percentage points， respectively， compared to unmagnetized conditions.
    Development and Application of Intelligent Picking Technology
    LUO Xian-Ping, NING Xiang-Han, WANG Tao, WANG Peng-Cheng, HE Peng-Yu
    2019, 48(07):  113-117. 
    Asbtract ( 995 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Under the background of the decrease of easy mining deposits， the increase of mining difficulty， the aggravation of ores dilution， and the increase of ores comminuting and beneficiation cost， crushed ores were realized pre-selecting and waste discarding， which increases the utilization rate of resources and the grade of grinded ores， decreases the amount of grinded ores and fine particle tailing production， improves economic benefits of enterprises and environmental conditions， and extends the service life of mines. In order to promote the development and application of the picking technology， the development and application study status of photometric picker， excitation light picker and nuclear radiation picker were mainly introduced， as well as the performance features of different equipments. In addition， the applicable scope of each picker was pointed out. Finally， precision， intelligence， large-scale and high-efficiency were pointed out to be the most important directions in the development of intelligent picking equipments.
    Research Progress of Oxidized Lead-zinc Ore Processing in China
    BU Xian-Zhong, CHEN Yao
    2019, 48(07):  118-123. 
    Asbtract ( 600 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    With the decrease of lead-zinc sulfide ore resources， more and more attention has been paid to efficient utilization of oxidized lead-zinc ore. The separation of oxidized lead-zinc ore is difficult and the recovery rate is poor. In order to promote the progress of the process and exploitation utilization technology of oxidized lead-zinc ore， the research status was summarized after referring to a large number of relevant literatures. The flotation process， the gravity（magnetic） separation-floating combined process and the floatation-metallurgy combined process was emphatically introduced. The gravity（magnetic）separation-floating combined process and floating- metallurgy combined process need higher requirements for production conditions， which makes the production cost large and is not suitable for large-scale industrial production. Sulfide flotation is a widely used method in industry and the most promising technology in lead-zinc oxidized ore flotation. However， a lot of problems need to be solved urgently， such as slow reaction rate， easy cast-off sulfide film， inhibition effect of excessive sulfide on flotation and so on. As the developing direction in the future， sulfuration process can be carried out during grinding process instead of flotation process or take the use of slow-release sulfide reagents and sulfur-containing compounds with low solubility.
    Geochemical Characteristics of Primary Halo and Deep Metallogenic Prediction of Laowan Gold Deposit in Southwestern Henan Province
    CHEN Jian-Li, GUO Peng, CHEN Ying-Nan, ZHAO Huan, WEI Cong-Ling, ZHANG Hong-Yan
    2019, 48(07):  124-134. 
    Asbtract ( 617 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Laowan gold mineralization belt is located at the north of Tongbai Mountain，the eastern part of east-west trending Qinling tectonic belt，and between Nanyang Basin and Wucheng Basin.It belongs to the mesothermal-epithermal gold deposit of alteration rock type.In recent years，great progress has been made in prospecting for gold in this region，with the amount of newly added gold resources exceeding 150 t.In order to expand prospecting results，the analysis of primary halo characteristics of No.Ⅱ-2-2 orebody was made，and the research of the related characteristics of ore-forming elements by correlation analysis，cluster analysis and factor analysis was carried out. Based on this study，the geochemical signs for prospecting were made and the concealed god orebodies were predicted.The research achievements have been obtained as follows:①the axial zoning sequence of orebodies can be described as Ag→Zn→Hg→As→Au→Sb→Bi→Pb→Cu→Mo→W→Sn.The near-ore hole elements Ag and Zn is before the head hole elements Hg，and As and Sb，the rear halo element Bi is before Pb and Cu.It may indicate that concealed orebodies are below -737 m；②Mo，Bi，Cu and S are strongly related to Au，and geochemical anomalies of such elements can be used as signs for gold prospecting in this region；③the ratios of elemental zoning index show that the head hole of the lower orebody is superimposed with the near-ore halo of the upper orebody，the contour of F2 factor score are abnormally developed and not closed in depth.It may indicate that the region below -740 m has good potential for prospecting.Based on the above analysis results，it is predicted that the target district is below -740 m in the south of ZKE608 drilling in exploration line E6.Drilling engineering were arranged in the south of ZKE608 drilling in exploration line E6 for verification，and the gold mineralized body whose real thickness is 1.08 m was found at the elevation from -794.18 m to -795.53 m，which further show that the prediction methods and prediction results in this paper are reliable and can provide reliable reference for the further deep prospecting work in the area.
    Metallogenic Regularity and Prospecting Prognosis of Dashuijing Pb-Zn Deposit in Huize County，Yunnan Province
    HU Jia-Kun, TAO Meng, WANG Yuan-Gao, ZHAO Fu-Guo, YANG Fu-Quan, LI Ying-Wu
    2019, 48(07):  135-144. 
    Asbtract ( 768 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Dashuijing Pb-Zn Deposit in Huize County of Yunnan Province is located at the Pb-Zn polymetallic metallogenic belt of the passive continental margin of Eastern Yunnan Province of the upper Yangtze continental block of Yangtze massif，the orebodies occur in Baizuo Formation (C1b) of Lower Carboniferous.Previous prospecting studies are limited to the south extension of the 10# orebody of Huize County，88#~138# geological exploration line and the elevation of 1 261~1 031 m.There are few study results on the other areas of Dashuijing area，and no clear prospecting directions have been proposed.Through the analysis and study of regional metallogenic geological background，geological characteristics of the mining area，orebody characteristics，ore characteristics，surrounding rock alteration and metallogenic regularity，combined with the the tectonic superimposed halo by early prediction，new prospecting target areas are delineated and some related validation work is done.The study results show that:①the orebodies are stratified in coarse-crystalline dolomite，the lengths of them are larger than 395 m，vertical height of them is 258 m，average thickness of them is 4 m，occurrence information of them is 132°∠56°；②the ore minerals are mainly for sphalerite，calamine，heteropolar，galena，cerusite and pyrite，the gangue minerals are mainly for coarse crystal dolomite and calcite，the ore structures are mainly for grain structure，semidiomorphic crystalline structure，metasomatism structure，common edge structure，net vein structure and emulsion structure，the ore structures are mainly for blocky structure，banding structure，layer-like structure，veined structure，etc.；③the surrounding rock alterations are mainly for dolomization，pyritization，calcilization，fading effect，etc.；④Dashuijing Pb-Zn Deposit are controlled by strata，lithology and structure，strata is the basic condition for prospecting work，lithology and hydrothermal alteration are the important prospecting indicators，ore-controlling structures are the key areas for prospecting work，the deposit genesis belongs to tectonic hydrothermal alteration Pb-Zn deposit；⑤according to the geological characteristics and ore-controlling factors of the exposed orebodies in Dashuijing mining area，three prospecting target areas (named 1#，2# and 3#) are delineated.Through the validation work of the local area of 1# prospecting target area，following results are obtained，the amount of Pb-Zn ore of 1# orebody is 1.159×106 t，Pb metal amount is 54 133 t，Zn metal amount is 175 238 t，symbiotic sulfur amount is 223 182 t，the associated components are 31 785 kg (Ag)，44 615 kg (Ge) and 393 155 kg (Cd).Generally，the prospecting potential in 1# target area is huge，prospecting potential of 2# target is large，but the prospecting potential of 3# target area is inferior to the other two areas.
    Geological Characteristics and Integrated Prospecting Model of Lead-zinc Deposit in Wenduergetuo in Inner Mongolia
    GONG Qing-Wei, HUANG Zheng-Jiang, GONG Yi-Fan, CHENG Yuan-Qiu, YI He-Chao
    2019, 48(07):  145-152. 
    Asbtract ( 511 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Wenduergetuo lead-zinc deposit in Inner Mongolia is located in the southwest part of Shamai tungsten metallogenic belt and the northeast part of the Oyute copper metallogenic belt.It is a newly discovered deposit in recent years which has been rarely involved.In order to deeply study the metallogenic regularity of the mining area，based on the newly prospecting results in this area，the metallogenic geological background，geochemical characteristics，geophysical characteristics and geological characteristics of deposits are studied.The results show that:①the lead-zinc orebodies are mainly controlled by the NE-trending and NW-trending fault structures in space，and the necessary channels for the movement and storage for mineral fluids are provided；②The orebodies are hosted Yanshanian adamellite，the adamellite provides the necessary thermal source and material for the formation of orebodies；③the ore is mainly in the form of scaly granular blastic texture，fine vein-star scattered disseminated structure and block structure，the distribution of sphalerite is characterized in a heterogeneous scattered pattern；④the orebodies are mostly distributed with banded shape，and a few are lenticular shape，with the phenomenons of branching and expansion and shrinkage；⑤the lead-zinc orebodies in this area is formed by the dissolution，replacement and extraction of underground hot water to form ore-bearing hydrothermal fluid，the ore-bearing hydrothermal fluid is further activated，removed and enriched by the later magmatic activity，and precipitates into ore at a suitable location.the lead-zinc deposit in this area belongs to the magmatic hydrothermal lead-zinc deposit.Based on the above discussion results，the favorable prospecting indicators are summarized，they are geological structures，magmatic activities，surrounding rock alteration，geochemical anomalies and polarizabilities anomalies，a integrated prospecting model for this area is established and five prospecting target areas are delineated.The B1，B2，B4 and B5 prospecting target areas are distributed on the F1 structural belt，which are connected end to end.The metallogenic geological background of the four areas are basically consistent with each other，and they are actually belongs a target area with large scale.The total length of the structural alteration zone in this target area is about 6.2 km，the average thickness of the four orebodies that have been circled is 3.16 m， extending more than 200 m downward，and the average content of zinc is 1.03％.The prospecting results further indicated that the metallogenic potential in the prospecting target areas is good，and they are worth conducting further prospecting work.
    Fault-cut 3D Ore-body Model Based on Surface-solid Boolean Operations
    ZOU Yan-Hong, CHU Hui-Hui, MAO Xian-Cheng
    2019, 48(07):  153-160. 
    Asbtract ( 590 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    For the geological phenomena that a fault cut through ore-bodies，three-dimensional （3D） geological modeling is usually performed by connecting the outlines on adjacent geological sections with triangular mesh in a straight line in the current，and it is difficult to reflect the spatial morphological relationship of the fault-cut ore-bodies in the 3D visualization model correctly.A surface-solid Boolean algorithm based on the triangular mesh model is proposed.Firstly，the triangle mesh models for the fault-cut ore-bodies are detected，and the topological relationship between the fault plane and the ore-bodies is built；then，the intersection loops are obtained based on the intersection test；finally，the result domain polygon is extracted and triangulated.For the morphological quantitative study of the ore-bodies cut by a fault，two cutting operators named “acquiring the ore-body on the fault plane” and “acquiring the ore-body under the fault plane” are defined respectively，and the final cutting results are acquired by the two operators.The algorithm avoided the operations of tracing intersection lines into loops and inclusion tests between points and polygons in the traditional Boolean operations.Taking Shuiyindong gold deposit in Guizhou Province as the study example，combined with geological interpretation and 3D geological modeling technique，the algorithm proposed in this paper is used to cut the ore-body intersecting with the fault in the deposit. The study results show that the 3D model cutting operating based on Boolean operations can reflect the anastomosis relationship between the ore-body and fault correctly，the reliable reference for the study of quantitative relationship between fault and mineralization distribution is provided.
    Subsidence Prediction Method of Complex Shape Working Face Based on Improved Triangulation Algorithm
    JIANG Ke-Gui, WANG Lei, WEI Tao, JIANG Chuang, ZHU Shang-Jun, ZHANG Guang-Xue, FANG Zhen
    2019, 48(07):  161-166. 
    Asbtract ( 580 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to make up for the insufficiency of the complex shape working face deformation prediction,and to improve the adaptability and accuracy of the mining subsidence deformation prediction,subsidence prediction method of complex shape working face based on improved triangulation algorithm is built.In this method,an improved triangulation algorithm is introduced,and key methods such as coordinate system conversion and correction of inflexion migration are optimized,the subsidence prediction model of complex shape working face is established based on probability integral method.In this model,the working face is split into multiple triangles by using the improved triangulation algorithm;then,the variable step-size Simpson double integral method is adopted to conduct subsidence prediction in triangular units,and the impact of the entire working face mining on the surface mining subsidence can be obtained through summation method;finally,other movement and deformation prediction values can be received in turn according to probability integral method.Based on MATLAB software,the subsidence prediction program of the model established in this paper is developed.The simulation results show that the predicted insertion points of the model are all distributed on the expected subsidence curve of the conventional probability integral model,which indicated that the model could predict the mining subsidence deformation of irregular working face with complex shape.The test results of the 1414（1） working face of Guqiao Mine in Huainan City show that the fitting effects of the prediction subsidence curve and the measured subsidence curve is good,the absolute error of prediction subsidence curve is from 0.2 mm to 359.2 mm,the relative error is 25.02%,and the medium error is 101.9 mm,which can meet the requirement for engineering application.
    Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Photogrammetry for Mining Area Complex Terrain Based on Optical Flow Terrain Following
    WANG Zheng-Yu, WANG Wen-Cheng, LI De-Xin, YUAN Jia-Qi, GUO Hao
    2019, 48(07):  167-171. 
    Asbtract ( 668 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Affected by mining subsidence or surface resources stripping，the terrain of mining area is generally complex.In the traditional photogrammetry，a fixed aerial height is designed according to the requirements of average terrain and precision in the mining area，and UAV （Unmanned aerial vehicle） image collection is carried out according to this height. Due to the influence of topographic fluctuation，the photographic scale，image overlap degree and resolution difference in the measurement area are large，resulting in inconsistent measurement accuracy，even can not constitute stereoscopic visual conditions，air triangulation encryption failure.In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods，on the basis of analyzing the influence of topographic relief on measuring accuracy，combing with the terrain following technique，the light and small machine vision module is adopted，the relative altitude of the UAV in real time can be estimated through developing the fast optical flow estimation algorithm based on topology constraints，besides that，the UAV flying height can be adjusted based on the changes of terrain，so as to realize the photogrammetry method of complex terrain in mining areas with real-time terrain tracking.In this way， the uniform photographic scale，image overlap and resolution can be guaranteed under the complex terrain conditions of the mining area，and the uniform photogrammetry can meet the requirements of expected accuracy.The study results show that the accuracy of 1∶500 large scale topographic map can be achieved in the complex terrain of mining area，which proves the effectiveness of the method.
    Study on Upgrading of Dry Preselection Equipment for Fine Crushing Products in Shuichang Iron Mine
    LI Gang
    2019, 48(07):  172-176. 
    Asbtract ( 556 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The CT-0812 type permanent magnetic drum was used in the dry preconcentration of the fine crushing products with TFe grade of 23.80% in Shuichang Iron Mine. TFe grade can only be improved by 2.10 percentage points and the discarding tailing yield was only 11.32%. The mFe grade of the tailings reached 2.38%， which means unsatisfactory effect of the dry preselection. In order to improve the pre-selection effect， the comparative tests of pre-selection effect of different new dry separator were carried out， and then condition tests of the process parameters on site were conducted with the equipment which has better pre-selection effect. The industrial production indexes of the new and old dry separator were compared. The results showed that: ①In the condition of laboratory and the TFe grade of 21.45% of the Shuichang Iron Mine fine products， the tailing with yield of 16.63%， TFe grade of 6.16% and mFe grade of 1.63% was obtained after the treatment of the XDG65-50 multi-stage suction-holding combined dry pre-concentration machine. The tailing with yield of 39.83%， TFe grade of 5.45% and mFe grade of 1.02% was obtained after the preselecting of CTX0812 dry magnetic separator with rotating magnetic field， which means the ideal preselecting effect. ②In industrial test parameter range on site， the CTX0812 dry magnetic separator with rotating magnetic field is not sensitive to the running frequency of the magnetic system and the position of the distribution board， but it is sensitive to the running speed of the feeding belt. The TFe grade and mFe grade of tailings show an upward trend of first slow then fast with the running speed of the belt increasing. When the magnetic system runs at a frequency of 70 Hz， the belt runs at a speed of 3.2 m/s， and the feed with a TFe grade of 22.95% is treated with a horizontal distance of 300 mm from the center of the cylinder， dry preselected concentrate with a TFe grade of 26.93%， tailing with yield of 19.60% and mFe grade of 2.05% can be obtained. ③Under the condition of equal grade of feeding and optimum technological parameters of dry separator， the tailing with yield of 18.78%， TFe grade of 6.87% and mFe grade of 2.06%， and the concentrate with TFe grade of 28.69%， increased by 4.02 percentage points was acquired using the CTX0812 dry magnetic separator with rotating magnetic field. The tailing with yield of 14.21%， TFe grade of 7.45% and mFe grade of 2.58%， and the concentrate with TFe grade of 26.95%， only increased by 2.25 percentage points was acquired using CTX0812 permanent magnetic drum. ④The CTX0812 dry magnetic separator with rotating magnetic field can achieve efficient separation of magnetic materials and non(weak) magnetic particles through high frequency magnetic turnover， magnetic agitation and high magnetic field intensity， which is suitable for highly efficient dry discarding of fine crushing products in Shuichang Iron Mine.
    Application of Expert PID to Realize the Control of a Mine Semi-autogenous Mill
    WANG Jin-Feng, CAI Guo-Liang, GUAN Chang-Liang, ZHANG Chun-Ming
    2019, 48(07):  177-181. 
    Asbtract ( 801 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to solve the automatic control problem of [?]8.8 m×4.8 m semi-autogenous mill in a domestic mine， the system control design research was carried out using the expert PID control system. The results showed that: ① There are many factors affecting the condition of semi-autogenous mill， mainly including ore properties， grinding media， feeding rate， grinding concentration， state of liner and grid plate and so on. Material filling state can be judged from power of semi-autogenous， axial pressure and grinding sound， and the material level control can be realized by adjusting the amount of feeding， water supply and ball addition. ② Compared with traditional PID algorithm， expert PID algorithm has distinct advantages. Expert PID essentially adopts nonlinear design method and introduces expert experience into the formulation of control strategy， which is more suitable for the implementation of complex object control strategy. Thus， it overcomes shortcomings of conventional PID better， such as poor adaptability to nonlinear system， and difficult to overcome abnormal disturbances and determine the lag time constant. ③ On the basis of fully considering the working characteristics of the semi-autogenous mill， the designed expert PID control system can stabilize the axial pressure and power of the semi-autogenous mill within the set value range. At the same time， it can judge whether the semi-autogenous mill is in the stable state， according to the comprehensive analysis of parameters， such as feeding， water supply， hard stone volume， and grinding sound of semi-autogenous mill.
    Design and Development of Mechanical System for an Automatic Mud Circulation and Purification Device
    CHAI Xiao-Ran, SUN Wu-Cheng, DUAN Long-Chen, DONG Gao-Feng, ZANG Li-Ping
    2019, 48(07):  182-188. 
    Asbtract ( 569 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In view with of the low quality and inefficiency of slurry treatment by artificial salvage in hydrogeological drilling，solids control equipment with complex structure，huge volume and extreme power consumption in oil field can not be directly transplanted for reference.Nowadays，most of the solutions are just moving from excavating sedimentation tank to making use of vibrating screen.Although there is a significant improvement of efficiency in slurry purification by this way，they still can not get rid of the shortcomings of occupying large area and causing severe pollution.In order to solve the above existing problems，a mechanical system of slurry treatment equipment is designed，which combines slurry making，mixing and purification. Combining two purification theory， i.e.，sedimentation and mechanical separation，the box body and vibration screen are assembled，making slurry transported， stored and screened through pipes；connecting the circuits of working parts like slurry pump，vibration screen，agitator and collecting them to PLC，remote automatic and semi-automatic control can be realized with control panel；optimizing the assembly structure of all components to achieve shortcut disassembly and assembly，loading and transportation.Aiming at the problems of low working pump pressure and icing of working medium in complex geological and climatic environments such as high altitude and extreme temperature in Qinghai Province，according to the requirements for environmental protection of green exploration in geological prospecting，an automatic mud circulation and purification device has been developed by adjusting the power of circuit components and adding temperature regulating equipment.The field test result show that the device can complete the mud purification cycle smoothly and efficiently in manual or automatic mode，the mud can be uniformly dispersed and stable in operation even while the processing capacity reach 60 m3/h under the field operating rules，and the total power of electric heating is below 32 kW without considering heating consumption.The study results further indicated that the device developed in this paper is suitable for the light and simple application of small scale construction such as engineering geological exploration，hydrogeology and water well drilling.
    Research on Dynamic Adsorption and Desorption of T-42 Resin on Ammonia Nitrogen in Vanadium Precipitated Wastewater
    ZHENG Qiao-Qiao, ZHANG Yi-Min, HUANG Jing, BAO Shen-Xu
    2019, 48(07):  189-193. 
    Asbtract ( 540 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to understand the adsorption effect on ammonia nitrogen in vanadium precipitated wastewater and the recycle ability of T-42 resin， the influence of ratio of height to diameter of ion exchange column， original ammonia nitrogen concentration and series number on adsorption effect were studied，and the isothermal adsorption curve of T-42 resin was analyzed. In addition， the effect of the type， flow rate and concentration of desorbents on ammonia nitrogen desorption were also studied. The results showed that:①The adsorption effect of T-42 resin on ammonia nitrogen was better when the flow rate of wastewater was 9 mL/min and the ratio of height to diameter was 21.0. The adsorption capacity at the penetration point was 21.91 mg/g， and the adsorption capacity at the end point was 34.31 mg/g. The adsorption capacity of resin on ammonia nitrogen increases with original ammonia nitrogen concentration increasing， but the wastewater treated decreases. Wastewater with concentration of ammonia nitrogen 1 999.56 mg/L meets the standard Class One (≤10 mg/L) by two-stage series adsorption. ②The adsorption of ammonia nitrogen by resin matches the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and the adsorption process is single molecular layer chemical adsorption. The saturated adsorption capacity is 36.845 9 mg/g in 15 ℃， 38.550 5 mg/g in 25 ℃， 40.617 4 mg/g in 35 ℃. The increasing temperature is beneficial to the adsorption. ③In the case of volume concentration of sulfuric acid 18%， flow rate 3 mL/min and desorbent dosage 2.67 bed volumes， the ammonia nitrogen desorption rate of adsorption saturated resin was higher than 99%. T-42 resin can effectively remove ammonia nitrogen from wastewater， and sulfuric acid can desorb and regenerate the resin which adsorbs ammonia nitrogen.
    The Study on Solidification of Heavy Metal Ions from Garbage Incineration Fly Ash Using Slag-based Cementitious Materials
    WANG Yi-Jie, LI Ke-Qing, NI Wen, ZHANG Si-Qi, LI Jia
    2019, 48(07):  194-198. 
    Asbtract ( 637 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The slag， which is used with garbage incineration fly ash and desulfurization gypsum in the composition of cementitious material， replaces cement in whole or in part. The solidification effect of the cementitious materials on heavy metals from waste incineration fly ash was studied with the change of slag content. The results showed that compressive strength of the paste block first increases and then decreases with the increasing of the slag content. When the paste block is made of fly ash 20%， slag 70% and desulphurization gypsum 10%， compressive strength of the paste reaches 47 MPa for 28 days maintenance in the temperature of 35 ℃ and the humidity of 95%. The heavy metal irons leaching concentration of Cr， Cd， Cu， Hg， Pb and Zn were all lower than the standard of drinking water. The solidification effect of Pb and Cr is better than that of cement cementitious system. The detection results of XRD and FT-IR indicated that the major hydration products of slag-based cementitious materials are ettringite， C-S-H gel and hydrocalumite， which show good encapsulation effect on heavy metal ions. Compared with cement gelled system， slag-based cementitious material system has obvious superiority in curing heavy metals irons from garbage incineration fly ash.
    Removal of Cu(II) from Copper-bearing Wastewater by Using Mechanically-activated Copper Tailings
    XIONG Bo-Wen, ZHAO Yun-Liang, ZHANG Ting-Ting, ZHANG Qi-Wu, BAO Shen-Xu, SONG Shao-Xian
    2019, 48(07):  199-204. 
    Asbtract ( 521 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to solve the pollution problem of copper-containing wastewater， a kind of carbonate copper tailing in Hubei Province was used as raw material to study on the feasibility of utilizing waste for controlling pollution by means of mechanically-activated copper tailings with stirring mill. Thepossibility of sliming tailings and releasing metal ions by mechanical activation was demonstrated. Finally， the removal mechanism of copper ions was analyzed by XRD. The results showed that:①Under the mechanical activation， the carbonate copper tailings in Hubei province effectively removed copper ions from simulated wastewater. Under conditions of the mass ratio of tailings to copper ions （provided by copper nitrate） 18∶1， the initial copper ions concentration of simulated wastewater 100 mg/L， and the reaction time for 60 min， the copper ions removal rate was 99.83%. The treatment effect of this copper tailing on the simulated copper sulfate wastewater was obviously better than that on the simulated copper nitrate wastewater.②Since the mechanically-activated intensity differed from the actual grinding process， the particle size of the copper tailings didn't decrease significantly. Meanwhile， the concentration of metal ions in the activated pulp was low， indicating that the mechanical activation didn't release heavy metal ions. ③The calcite played a major role in the process of wastewater treatment. Mechanical activation accelerated the dissolution and ionization of calcite， and the hydrolysis of carbonate ions caused an increase in the pH of the slurry， which ultimately caused precipitation of copper ions. For the copper sulfate type simulated wastewater， the precipitate generated was mainly posnjakite (Cu4(SO4)(OH)6·H2O). For the copper nitrate type simulated wastewater， the precipitate was mainly composed of amorphous copper minerals.