Table of Content

16 November 2009, Volume 39 Issue 11

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The Progresses of Coarse Paste Fill Technology and its Existing Problem

WANG Hong-Jiang, WU Ai-Xiang, XIAO Wei-Guo, ZENG Pu-Hai, JI Xue-Wen, YAN Qing-Wen

2009, 39(11):  1-5. 

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The paper reviewed the developing history of the paste fill technology in china, summarized its evolution course and the latest development from four aspects of paste filling material, total tailings concentration, the cement accession model, paste preparation and transportation, and finally analyzed the key problem existing in paste fill technology now.So it can be used as a reference for the further development of paste filling.

Application on Low Cost and High Early Strength Material for Paste Filling

WANG Jian, 吕Xian-Jun , HU Shu-Gang, JIN Zi-Qiao

2009, 39(11):  5-9+174. 

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Based on blast furnace slag as the main cementitous material，with fly ash mixed in a definite percentage of iron mine tailings as the aggregate，through the excitation effect of varieties activators，the strength of the filling body in early stage can be made.Standard curing in 4 hour，the strength can achieve more than 0.3MPa，which can meet the characteristic of high strength in early stage in some mines.Furthermore，the cement used in the backfilling mining process can be substituted by the blast furnace slag as the cementitous material.The industrial waste could be taken full advantage of with the cost of backfilling mining process reducing.

Research on the Optimization of Structural Parameters for Heavy  Ore-body by Sublevel Open-Stope with Subsequent Filling

LIU Pei-Zheng, ZHANG Chuan-Xin, HU Yong-Quan, KOU Yong-Yuan

2009, 39(11):  10-13+123. 

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Adopting some reasonable structural parameters for stope is a key measure to control ground pressure and achieve the safe and efficient exploitation of ores.In view of iron rock conditions of Wuzhuang iron mine，FLAC3D three-dimensional finite difference analysis software is used to calculate the surrounding rock stress，the displacement variation rules and the distribution of plastic zones of 24 different programs，obtaining that tensile stress of mine stope roof is the key factor of affecting the mine stability.Taking the maximum tensile stress suffered by the roof strata as an indicator index of measuring the stability of stope plots，the relationship curve of between the stope span and tensile stress，and the stope length and tensile stress，and the joint impact curve of both parts and the tensile stress are drawn.Under circumstances of a certain roof thickness，the tensile stress of the stope roof increased with stope span increased and this increase will be higher and higher; With the stope length increase，the tensile stress of the roof increased a little，especially when the stope length increased to a certain length，the roof tensile stress can keep stable.Now a conclusion comes: the stability of stope not only has a relationship with the size of the exposed roof，but the exposed surface shape has a crucial influence on its stability.The roof shape optimization is one of the important means to control the ground pressure.A long strip of exposed roof surface shape can improve productivity of the stope and ensure mining safety.Therefore，the “broader stope area，smaller stope span” design philosophy for the mine are proposed.

Study on Damage Mechanics Model of Three-dimensional Mechanical and Electrical Couple of Coal and Rock

HU Jing-Peng

2009, 39(11):  14-17. 

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Based on damage mechanics model of one-dimensional mechanical and electrical couple of coal and rock，the damage mechanics model of three-dimensional mechanical and electrical couple of coal and rock is setup.Using the model，the relationship among electromagnetic radiation pulses，the amplitude and stress is analyzed.The effects of electromagnetic radiation and stress impacted by confining pressure conditions of the internal structure of coal and rock are simulated.Finally，the electro-magnetic radiation characteristics of sudden unloading uniaxial compression are analyzed.Application of research results show that: the model is reliable and advanced to analyze the characteristics of damage mechanics of coal and rock.  

Application Study on Forepoling Bolt Parameters with Algorithm of Spline Weight Function Artificial Neural Network

ZHOU Qiao, GAO Qian

2009, 39(11):  18-20+24. 

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Due to such problems as local minima，slow convergence，and dependence on initialized values arising by the back propagation (BP) neural network algorithms, it is the first time to adopt this new algorithm called the spline weight function artificial neural network.Based on the analysis on effects of stability in fracture surrounding rocks, the neural network model is adopted to select an optimal parameters in forepoling bolt for the fractures.The study shows that the supporting parameters with 0.4~0.6 m in space, 0.4~0.5 m in rank, 10°~20° at angle and 20~22 mm in diameter are optimal for forepoling bolt.Based on this, how to select the parameter for forepoling bolt and how to improve the stability of rock body can be investigated, then providing a theoretical basis for safety construction and supporting strengthening in local place for the fracture rocks.

Study on Effect of Symmetry of Wedge-shaped Cutting Hole Angle on Cut Blasting

LIANG Wei-Min, WANG Yi-Xian, CHU Huai-Bao, YANG Xiao-Lin

2009, 39(11):  21-24. 

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In order to research the effect of hole angle symmetry on cut blasting，the mechanism of wedge-shaped cut blasting was theoretically explained，similar simulation test of wedge-shaped cut blasting symmetry was made in the laboratory with cement mortar models and RDX，meanwhile，the depth and volume of groove cavity and the utilizing rate of borehole after blasting was comprehensively analyzed.The cycle footage can be enhanced by 11.5% through the field test of wedge-shaped cut blasting symmetry in Tunliu Mine in Lu'an.The result shows that blasting energy can be effectively used，the depth and volume of groove cavity can be increased and footage of cycle can be enhanced when the borehole angles were symmetrically disposed.The blasting effect of symmetry of borehole angle is better than asymmetry.Moreover，this article has a reference value for the tunnel and laneway construction.

Rock Mass Blastability Classification and its Application in Shuichang Open Pit Mine

QU Shi-Jie, QI Bao-Jun, XU Wen-Yao, WANG Ai-Min, WANG Jin-Qiang, PEI Qun-Sheng

2009, 39(11):  25-27+178. 

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Such parameters as specific density, tensile strength, shearing strength of rock specimen, together with the integrity index of rock mass, are used as the criteria for blast ability classification of rock masses.Meanwhile, the clustering analysis is applied in rock mass blastability classification calculations to the main types of Shuichang Open Pit Mine.Technical parameters for bench blasting of different type of rock masses of the mine are determined in accordance with results of the classification calculation.Field tests demonstrated that the research work can be helpful in improving reliability of the blasting parameters and fragmentation of field blasting. 

Optimization Design and Numerical Analysis of Excavating-filling Engineering for Lean Ore in Jinchuan No.2 Minefield

ZHANG Mei-Hua, GAO Qian, DI Shu-Hua, ZHOU Dong-Dong

2009, 39(11):  28-31+138. 

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For lean ores above 1 250 m level in Jinchuan No.2 Minefield, the optimization design and numerical analysis of excavating-filling engineering were studied.According to the practical excavating-filling projects, 9 project schemes were presented and the numerical analysis on each scheme is made by FLAC2D from the effect of each scheme on the stability, surface subsidence, displacements of lean ore roof and shaft of stope.Then an optimal one is determined.The optimal project and practical excavating-filling project were analyzed by the numerical analysis.The comparison of this result indicated the effect of lean ore mining on the surface subsidence, stress and shaft.

Application of Room and Pillar Mining Method in Under-sea Deposit

WANG Cheng, PENG Kang, BI Hong-Tao, LIU Zhi-Xiang, LI Wei, YAO Yin-Pei

2009, 39(11):  32-34. 

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Xinli mining area of Sanshandao gold mine belongs to submarine deposit.The key point is without the inhomogeneous sedimentation, crack and subsidence in exploitation of the seabed.Under safety mining and to strengthen the mining condition of making the productivity up to 8 000 t/d, the suitable mining method should be selected.According to mining condition in Xinli mining area, the room and pillar filling method for large and thick ore-body is determined after research.

Development of Research on Hydraulic Gradient of Paste Backfill Slurry

JIN Zi-Qiao, 吕Xian-Jun , HU Shu-Gang, WANG Jian

2009, 39(11):  35-36+146. 

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Paste backfilling technology has been widely used in mines recently.However, the hydraulic gradient calculation of paste backfill slurry is becoming a prominent problem increasingly.In this paper, several formulas for hydraulic gradient calculation in common use are introduced.Besides, the advantages and disadvantages，and also the scope of application of every formula are discussed.At last, the direction for research on hydraulic gradient calculation of paste backfill slurry is pointed out.

Effect of Water-binder Ratio and Fineness on Performance of Slag and Fly Ash Cementitious Material

ZHANG Xu-Fang, NI Wen, WANG Wei, ZHENG Yong-Chao, FU Cheng-Hong

2009, 39(11):  37-39+85. 

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The hydrated products of slag and fly ash cementitious materials with difference specific area and water-binder ratio were studied by means of XRD and SEM.Its mechanical properties, microstructure and morphological characteristics were discussed.The results showed that the strength of the samples tended to increase with specific area increasing; And the strength of the samples tended to increase and then decrease with the water-binder ratio increasing.When the specific area of slag was 500 m²/kg, and the water-binder ratio was 0.44, the slag-fly ash cementitious material can reach better compressive strength and flexural strength.

Practice of the Integrated Mining Thinking on Mining for Some Part of Gushan Mine

WANG Wen-Xiao, CAI Si-Jing

2009, 39(11):  40-46. 

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Based on analysis of the concept and principles of mining science and its research at home and abroad studies, the new concepts of the integral mining and post-mining were put forward by introducing the integrated thinking and the complexity in mining science.And the new concept, new meaning and fundamental principles of the integral mining and some key issues in research were elaborated.Meanwhile, in combination with the reality of Gushan open-pit mine and Hemushan underground mine, the practice of the integral mining in some part of Gushan mine was described.

Effect Mechanism of Degradation Product on the Formation of Interfacial Emulsification During Copper Solvent Extraction

ZHOU Gui-Ying, RUAN Ren-Man, WEN Jian-Kang

2009, 39(11):  47-49. 

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The influence of degradation product of the extractant on adsorption behavior of solid particulates was investigated to find out mechanism of interfacial emulsification during copper solvent extraction.The research results showed that degradation product of the extractant promoted adsorption between solid particulates and extractant, and accelerated the formation of emulsification.Meanwhile, the assembling and stabilizing mechanism of interfacial emulsification was discussed by the extended DLVO theory.

Research on Mineral Processing of an Iron Ore from Sudan

TIAN Yi-Lan, ZENG Ke-Wen, LIU Shui-Hong, REN Ai-Jun, ZHANG Yun-Hai

2009, 39(11):  50-53+165. 

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Research on mineral processing of an iron ore from Sudan was carried out.The experiments showed that under conditions of roasting time at 850 ℃, with the ratio of ore to coal of 100∶10 for 80 min, the roasting product was ground to 74%-0.074 mm, and then entered into magnetic separation.After then the concentrates was leached for 180 min with 10% hydrochloric acid, the iron concentrate could be obtained with grade of 60.52%, the yield of 34.65%, the recovery of 51.26% and the phosphor content of 0.29%.

Study on Flocculation Behavior of Fine Oolitic Hematite Ores

LI Feng-Jiu, NIU Fu-Sheng, NI Wen

2009, 39(11):  54-56+118. 

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The fine oolitic hematite ores (＜20 μm) are easily covered by ore slimes, therefore, it is very difficult to get a satisfactory separation result with traditional crafts, like gravity separation, magnetic separation, and flotation.Hence, the tiny iron ores can not be recovered effectively, leading to about a large of useful minerals running off.Lots of researches indicated that the selective flocculation was an effective separation craft in many research works.In view of oolitic hematite ores, different effects of flocculant dosage, mixing time, shear rate and the amount of dispersant on the flocculation behavior are studied, laying a foundation for further selective flocculation separation research.

Research on Development and Utilization of A Micro-fine Grained Mixture Iron Ore in Gansu

CUI Jian-Hui, LIU Jin-Chang, QIN Cai-Xia

2009, 39(11):  57-59+63. 

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The iron ores produced from a mine in Gansu have a complex mineral composition, where the main iron minerals are magnetite, hematite and siderite with basically similar content and a small amount of limonite.So a single process can not reach a good index.According to the nature of ores, such processes consisting of low intensity magnetic separation-high intensity magnetic separation, low intensity magnetic separation-magnetic separation after roasting, industrial roasting-magnetic separation were focused on.The industrial roasting-magnetic separation program got relatively good indicators among three kinds of programs, and reached the application standard of being in closely proximity to the current production in Jiuquan.

Experimental Research on the for Iron Concentration Technology for a Low Grade Vanadiferous Titanomagnetite Ore with High Phosphorus

LUO Xi-Mei- , TONG Xiong, YE Guo-Hua

2009, 39(11):  60-63. 

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Researches on the iron concentration process for a low grade vanadiferous titanomagnetite ore with high phosphorus were introduced.The test results indicated that the stage grinding-classification-concentration process could obtain an iron concentrate with a TFe grade of 57.92% and iron recovery of 52.85% from the raw ores with Fe grade of 15.78%.Other impurities are low such as sulfur and phosphorus content of 0.023% and 0.076% respectively.

Research on Colleting Property of New Flotation Reagent F-305 to Wolframium Mineral

SUN Wei, LIU Hong-Wei, YANG Yao-Hui

2009, 39(11):  64-66+72. 

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In this paper, the collecting property of a new type of chelating reagent F-305 to Wolframite and Scheelite was studied by the single mineral experiment and actual-mineral-experiment.The test results showed that compared with conventional reagent 733 oxyparaffin soap of wolframium mineral, F-305 had a very strong collecting power for wolframium minerals, especially for Wolframite, and could get good flotation index at normal temperature.The Collection Mechanism was analyzed by Infrared Spectrum.

Research on Optimization of Flotation Column and 730 Series Frother and Tests on Copper Separation

HU Wei-Xin, FENG Li, LIU Jiong-Tian, SHANG Lin-Ping

2009, 39(11):  67-69. 

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FCSMC has a shortcoming of foaming deficiency in separating some sulphide ores, leading to the low recovery of flotation concentrate.Based on research on the gas holdup of 730 series frothers in flotation column and combining with the beneficiation practice in Yunnan Dahongshan Copper Mine, five kinds of frothers' index were compared, concluding that 730C is suitable for FCSMC based on concentrate grade and recovery.

Research on Beneficiation Tests of a Molybdenum Ore in Xinjiang

XIE Jian-Hong

2009, 39(11):  70-72. 

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The ore property of a Molybdenum Mine in Xinjiang was analyzed, and then the condition tests for rough separation were carried out.The comparison of 1-stage grinding with 2-stage grinding showed that a Molybdenum concentrate grading 44.31% at an 81.96% recovery can be achieve after 2-stage regrinding and 8 times cleaning separation.

Research on the Process for Extracting Indium from Zinc Oxide  Flue Dust by Pressure Oxidation Leaching

WEI Yan-Song, WU Zhi-Hong, ZHANG Yan-Juan, LI Xuan-Hai, PAN Liu-Ping

2009, 39(11):  73-75. 

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In the process of leaching zinc oxide flue dust containing indium using sulfuric acid as lixiviant by oxidative pressure leaching in an autoclave, the effects of initial concentration of sulphuric acid, reaction time, temperature and the dosage of oxidant on leaching efficiency of indium were studied.The experimental results showed that both pressurizing and using potassium permanganate as oxidant can strengthen the indium extraction from zinc oxide flue dust.The leaching efficiency of indium was improved effectively by oxidative pressure leaching.The optimum conditions of pressure leaching were determined as 400 g/L sulfuric acid for 120 min at 120 ℃ with the dosage of oxidant was 4% of flue dust, and the stirring speed, ratio of liquid to solid, gauge pressure were 575 r/min, 8∶1, and 0.5 MPa, respectively.As a result, the leaching rate of indium can reach 90.6% under these optimum conditions.

Research on the Technical Problems Diagnosis in Production Process for a Dressing Plant and the Optimized Measures

YANG Xiao-Feng, SONG Jun-Li, ZHANG Cong-Xiang

2009, 39(11):  76-78+128. 

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Based on the total technical investigation and analysis of the present production workflow for a dressing plant, the present situation in production process are known and some latent problems of limiting the further development of this plant are found.For such key problems as low efficiency in grinding and classification, much regrinding, unequal equipment loads and unreasonable productivity in gravity separation, some feasible improving measures were put forward to adjust the process concentration, reasonably arrange the productivity, lower the equipment load, and add some automation control system.Then, the process parameters are optimized, and the concentration results are improved.It is believed that adopting these measures will be helpful to improve the products quality and lower the production cost.

Determination of As in imported iron ores using Microwave Digestion and HG-AAS method

BAO Hui-Jun, FU Ran-Ran, YU Qing

2009, 39(11):  79-80+142. 

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Imported iron ores were digested by microwave using (HCl+HNO₃+HF), The content of Arsenic in iron ores were determined using HG-AAS.The method gave low determination limit and wider linear area.It was satisfied the demand of iron ores analysis.

Study of Ore-Controlling Structure and Ore-Body Location in Daye  Fe Deposit based on Trend Surface Analysis

YANG Zhen, MIN Hou-Lu, JI Ao, HU Ming-An, ZHANG Wang-Sheng

2009, 39(11):  81-85. 

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Based on trend surface analysis, the ore-body controlling structure and ore-body location of Daye Fe deposit is studied.The results show that① the main ore-body controlling structure is the contact zone of ore-bodies and rocks, especially the concaves which located in the intrusion controlled ore-bodies directly; ②the other structure around the contact zone, such as two groups of trace extension fracture, "X" type conjugate fracture, two groups of overprinting fracture and collapse locations of the hinge end of anticlines are also important ore-body controlling structure, ③K12-K21 in Jianlinshan is the best location of mineralization prospecting, and according to this result, 1.5×107 t iron mine were found in deep Jianlinshan.

The Prediction of Deep Ores Exploration in Shangping Mine Area

GAN Zheng-Ru, ZHONG Xiao-Yang

2009, 39(11):  86-88+92. 

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Due to resources crisis, it is now a very important and also difficult work for many mines to find a new substitute.Based on analysis of the regional mineralization background and the geological conditions of Shangping Mine, in combination with the mining practice and exploration, and according to the mineralization rules as a guide, predicts on the advantage condition to form the mine in the depth is made.This can not only reduce the work blindness and the risk of geology exploration, but alleviates the resources crisis in mine and prolongs the mine service time.

Application of BSP Tree-based Rapid Filling Block Model Algorithm in Mine  3D Calculation of Reserves

YANG Cheng-Jie, WENG Zheng-Ping, ZHANG Xia-Lin

2009, 39(11):  89-92. 

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Building block model is the key problem that should be solved in mine 3D calculation of reserves.Due to such problems as low-efficiency and low-precision using the traditional method, this paper raises the rapidly filled arithmetic of 3D block model by BSP tree structure.This algorithm is adopted to build the magnitude of blocks model under constraint of the complicated ore body and terrain, and it has been successfully used in 3D calculation of reserves in some mine, meanwhile showing the arithmetic is efficient, precise and operable.  

Modeling and Implementing of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Modeling on  Sustainable Development of Mining Area

CAO Zhi-Guo, LI Cui-Ping, TANG Wan-Jin, DONG Chun-You

2009, 39(11):  93-95+104. 

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Based on Sustainable Development theory, the characteristics of mining area are analyzed.The comprehensive appraisal index system of mining area's sustainable development is established.The index system includes resource, environment, safety, economics and society subsystem.Furthermore, the fuzzy synthetic evaluation model is set up.Firstly, the weight of index is determined by expert consultation.Secondly, each index's membership is obtained by using fuzzy c-means method.Lastly, the value of sustainable development degree is calculated.Using Matlab7.0 and Vb 6.0 programming, the comprehensive evaluation system of mining area's sustainable development is designed.By the application in Qitaihe mining area, the model is proved to be feasible.

Compilation and Research of Underground Mine Construction Plan Based on CCPM

CHEN Dao-Gui, HU Nai-Lian, LI Guo-Qing

2009, 39(11):  96-99. 

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The critical chain technique not only focuses on the temporal dependence relationships, but the resource conflicts between tasks.Apply some conclusions from organizational behavior to the plan management，the defects in traditional project management method have been repaired by setting time buffer and depressing progress risk cased by resource.This provides a new method for project schedule establishment and supervision.Based on contrasting and analyzing traditional project schedule planning methods and the characteristics of mine construction project, Critical Chain project management (CCPM) is introduced and then the flow of organizing shaft construction project is designed.Meanwhile, with the support of Gemcom MineSched and MS Project as the software platform, this method has been used in organizing a shaft construction program.The result shows that the method can integrate design, planning, optimization and management, and harmonize entire planning model with engineering system model and can adjust and control conveniently and improve the efficiency of manual or automatic processing.

Application of the Support Vector Machine in Prediction of Rock Burst

CHEN Zu-Yun, ZHANG Gui-Zhen, WU Chang-Fu, YANG Sheng-Qiang

2009, 39(11):  100-104. 

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Rock-burst is one of the main geological hazards during rocky tunnel construction in high crustal stress zone，and its influencing factors have an extremely complex nonlinear relationship.The compression strength，tensile strength，elastic energy index of rock and maximum tangential stress of cavern wall are chosen as characteristic vector of predicting rock-burst，and the prediction model of rock-burst based on support vector machines is established to predict the rock burst and intensity.The consistent prediction of rock-burst occurrence and intensity with the actual situation and with those by other methods showed that it is feasible and valid to use the support vector machines model for predicting rock-burst.  

Current Status and Development Trends of the High-frequency Vibrating  Screen Both in Domestic and Overseas

ZHAO Huan-Shuai, WANG Zhen-Nian

2009, 39(11):  105-107+161. 

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The current status and development trends on high-frequency vibrating screen both in domestic and overseas were summarized, and the structural features on each typical high-frequency vibrating screen were pointed out.And some problems existed at present or in development trends were analyzed.  

Research on the Application of Profibus-DP Field Bus in Mine Hoist Control System

LUO Jin-Sheng

2009, 39(11):  108-110+182. 

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Field bus technology has gained a wide application in various industrial fields as it has a simplified hardware configuration and improved reliability compared to the conventional control modes.The paper investigates the application of Profibus-DP field bus in mine hoist control system and presents the system composition, configuration and programming.Its actual application indicates that field bus technology can be well used in the mine hoist control system, which has eliminated the original hardware restriction and can improve the integration degree of hoist system control, facilitate the upgrading of site network and raise the safety of the whole system.

Correction Method of Deflection Angle of Hoisting Rope in Winding Hoister Installation

REN Cheng-Da, ZHANG Min

2009, 39(11):  111-112. 

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Due to some hoister installation problems in old mine  transformation, based on research of the deflection angle of hoisting rope which is one of five main factors on the mine hoisting system, and in combination with the specific conditions of hoister installation in Gujiatai Iron Ore of Laiwu Mining Co., Ltd.of Laiwu Steel Group, some measures are determined to solve the overlarge deflection angle of hoisting rope in hoister installation, which can fully meet the requirements of hoister installation.  

Research on the Evaluation Index System of Ecology Civilization in Mining Area

QIAO Li, BAI Zhong-Ke

2009, 39(11):  113-118. 

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Ecology civilization is the products of protecting and improving ecology environment during the developing material civilization.Mining area is one of the most eco-fragile regions.It is of great significance to study the relative theories and evaluation method about ecology civilization in mining area.Based on providing the concept of ecology civilization in mining area，the paper constructed the evaluation indicators system of ecological civilization in mining area by virtue of referring the preceding research outcomes at home and abroad.Consequently, such relative appraisal index as the development degree, evaluation of coordinated development and dynamic state index of coordinated development of ecology civilization in mining area are proposed, which can provide some references to the construction of ecology civilization in mining area.

Deformation Law Simulation of the Deep Tunnel in Stress Concentration Zone

SONG Jin-Hu, HE Rui-Xia, BAI Zhe, DING Shu-Xue

2009, 39(11):  119-123. 

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In allusion to the deep immerged tunnel in the stress concentration zone，physical simulation and numerical simulation has been made in order to study its property of deforming features under high concentrated load.Digital photography-based deformation measurement technique was used in the physical simulation，and the relationship between the tunnel deformation and the time，the effect of the load variety on the tunnel deformation were obtained.In the numerical simulation the multi-linear kinematic hardening material model has been used to establish the material model，and the calculation is carried out in allusion to the result of physical simulation.The change process of the tunnel deformation and the plastic zone are obtained.The comprehensive analysis showed that the deformation of deep tunnel in stress concentration zoon was significant.While the stress is increased，the plastic zone of the tunnel adjacent rock is enlarged，the deformation of sides is more significant than the roof and floor，since the each side of the tunnel has a higher stress concentration degree.

Application and Research of Fuzzy FMECA in Safety Assessment of Excavating System

XU Meng-Guo, CHEN Zhi-Yuan, ZHANG Jiao-Fu, LI Guo

2009, 39(11):  124-128. 

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The danger sources in the excavating system have been analyzed，the fuzzy FMECA was used to evaluate the excavating system，and a fault tree for frequent and serious consequences of the accident was set up.In accordance to the Fault Tree and FMECA table，some appropriate preventive measures were taken，offering a basis for its safety management of this system.

Study on Distortion Mechanism of Mined Slope Affected by Open-pit and Underground Mining

PENG Hong-Ge, CAI Qing-Xiang, ZHOU Wei, SHU Ji-Sen, CHEN Yan-Long

2009, 39(11):  129-131. 

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According to the analysis of the mined slope affected by open-pit and underground mining, the girder model of mined slope was built.Based on the stress and distortion of the girder, the range of arch was drawn out from distortion of girder, which is also called the affected slope range.By analyzing the sinking range formed from broken roof strata, the calculation of stabilization coefficient of mined slope and the most safety mining depth were obtained.Combining with the practice of open-pit and underground mining and the displacement survey of slope in Anjialing open pit, the slope stabilization coefficient was 1.38 and the most safety mining depth was 309 meters at the 902 working face.The research indicated that the distortion of mined slope under open-pit and underground mining was drawn from strata angle alter evoked from ceiling distortion, providing the theoretical foundation to keep the stability of mined slope under open-pit and underground mining.  

Study on Adsorption Features of Magnesium Hydroxide on  Heavy Metal Ions of Cu(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ)

FENG Xue-Dong, MA Yan-Fei, LU Jie

2009, 39(11):  132-135. 

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The thermodynamics and kinetics for magnesium hydroxide on adsorption of Cu(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) were studied.The effects of magnesium hydroxide on dealing with heavy metal ions in wastewater were summarized.The results showed that the concentrations of Cu(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) are below the National Standards for Discharge of Water Pollutants when the dose of magnesium hydroxide are 0.35 g/L and 0.60 g/L.Magnesium hydroxide has a better adsorption capacity of Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ), and the adsorption isotherm accords with Langmuir mode.The maximum adsorption amount is 76.92 mg/g and 37.04 mg/g respectively.Thermodynamic parameter ΔG are -29.32 kJ/mol and -32.20 kJ/mol for Cu(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) after calculation.The second-order kinetic equation can well describe the dynamics characteristics of Cu(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) absorption with Magnesium Hydroxide with a related coefficient of 1.000.The current research results showed that the adsorption isotherm of Ni(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ) and Cr(Ⅲ) et al with magnesium hydroxide were all consistent with the Langmuir model and the adsorption effects were distinct.

Application of Composite Flocculant to Industrial Wastewater Treatment of Mn₃O₄

MA Jin-Bao, ZHOU Sheng-Wang, LI Ru-Hong, WANG Jin-Bao

2009, 39(11):  136-138. 

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The paper studies the Mn₃O₄ wastewater treatment with the composite flocculant of Polyaluminium Chloride and investigates the flocculating effects by adding the amount of PAC and PAM and the time required.The experiment results showed that the flocculating effects can be optimum when adding 5 mg/L of PAC, 0.6 mg/L of PAM for 30 min.The turbidity removal rate reached 94.8%, which has been satisfied with the State Standard for Industrial Sewage Discharge.This paper also briefly analyzes some problems in application of composite flocculant to industrial wastewater treatment of Mn₃O₄.

Cu²⁺ Adsorption Improvement of Bamboo Charcoal with KMnO₄

MA Zi-Chuan, Zhao-Mei-Qing, WU Yin-Su, LIU Jing-Ze

2009, 39(11):  139-142. 

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Bamboo charcoal (BC) was treated with KMnO₄ solution under refluxing condition to prepare the new modified bamboo charcoal.The influence of KMnO₄concentration on the Cu²⁺ adsorption rate-pH curves and pH₅₀ was investigated.The modification with KMnO₄ affected the adsorption and desorption capacity of bamboo charcoal to Cu²⁺.The results show that the Cu²⁺ adsorption rate-pH curves and pH50 of bamboo charcoal move to low pH after modification with KMnO₄.The best result achieved at 0.04 mol/L KMnO₄.The modification with KMnO₄ improves the adsorption rate of Cu²⁺ and reduces the consumption of adsorbent about threefold than that of unmodified bamboo charcoal.The adsorption isothermals of Cu²⁺ over the modified and unmodified bamboo charcoal match to Langmuir monolayer adsorption.On the same condition of equilibrium concentration of Cu²⁺, the adsorption amount of Cu²⁺ over bamboo charcoal modified with KMnO₄ increases about 53% than that of the unmodified bamboo charcoal.Moreover, the Cu²⁺ adsorption capacity of the modified bamboo charcoal can be improved obviously with the increase of temperature.At 40 ℃, the saturated adsorption amount of Cu²⁺ is 169% as much as that of at 25 ℃.The modification of bamboo charcoal with KMnO₄ not only increases the adsorption capability of bamboo charcoal to heavy metal ions, but also improves the ability of desorption-regeneration of bamboo charcoal.

Optional Research and Design of Switching Mine Throttle Under Positive or Negative Pressure

SHENG Jian-Hong, DU Cui-Feng, LI Xia, WANG Lei, AI Li-Nu-尔

2009, 39(11):  143-146. 

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According to the actual situation of mine，some new technology was used to design and optimize the structure of the traditional throttle.By adopting the rotary axis structure and keeping the balance of wind pressure on both sides of throttle，a throttle which can be always switched freely under positive or negative pressure was designed.Through model experiments of the throttle，it is further verified that it can play an important role in ensuring the success of the anti-wind.  

Discussion on the Evaluation Index System for Green Mine Construction

HUANG Jing-Jun, NI Jia-Zeng, SONG Yun-Fei, WANG Yu-Jun, ZHU Gu

2009, 39(11):  147-150. 

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It is of great significance o establish a green mine evaluation index system for creating the green mine.It can provide a technical support and guidance for green mine construction, and meanwhile promote the environmental and ecological protection, reduce resource consumption and take the path of circular economy.Based on standards for the green mine construction, an assessment framework for green mine is established from six aspects of energy resources utilization, the modernization of mining and mineral processing, cleaner production, mine management, mine safe production and the ecological environment reconstruction, and then an evaluation index system for green mine construction is given.

Research on the Restoration of Lead Polluted Water-body with  Light Burned Magnesite Gypsum Composite Filter Bed

CHEN Kai-Han, LEI Shao-Qin, LI Da-Jin, CHEN Qing-Shi

2009, 39(11):  151-153+156. 

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Based on the adsorption co-precipitation mechanism, the gypsum and magnesite powder were mixed to add the simulated lead polluted water (including of turbid saturated sulfate lead solution with excessive sulfate lead micro-particles, Pb²⁺ about 2 mg/L, the total lead of 10 mg/L).The effect of gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O) and milling magnesite (Mg (OH) ₂ and MgCO₃ mixtures) content as well as the filtering time on reducing lead content was studied.It is found that under optimal condition, the total lead content in water bodies can be reduced to 0.02 mg/L.Based on this, the light burned magnesite gypsum composite filter bed process was proposed.Some tests on trace lead leaching water from lead-zinc tailings and battery factory showed that the lead content in water was lowered to below 0.04 mg/L and the total cadmium was reduced to below 0.1 mg/L, being suitable for water supply and the treatment of mine tailing.

Research on the Preparation and Property of Zeolite Granular Adsorbent

ZHANG Xiu-Ying

2009, 39(11):  154-156. 

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As raw materials, the natural zeolite was mixed with powder coal and bentonite.And then the mixture was produced into zeolite granular adsorbent by shaping, low-temperature drying and high temperature calcination, which was used to absorb Cationic brilliant red solution.The property of the sample was measured, and the effect of calcination temperature, absorbing time on adsorption reaction was discussed.The experiments indicated that the granular absorbent is possessed of low loss ratio and fine absorption ability for Cationic brilliant red with the mass proportion of the zeolite, bentonite and powder coal of 20∶3∶3 after calcinations at 650 ℃.The sample can be well repeatedly applied.

Study on TiO₂ /Bentonite Catalyst to Treat Industrial Wastewater

LIU Yue-E, PANG Gui-Lin, ZHEN Wei-Jun, HOU Jin-Chao, TIAN Xiao-Hong, ZHOU Tao

2009, 39(11):  157-161. 

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Taking the modified bentonite, n-butyl titanate and titanium tetrachloride from Xinjiang Wulanlingge as the raw material, PEG modified TiO₂/bentonite catalyst and TiO₂/pillared bentonite catalyst are prepared.Then these two catalysts are respectively applied to treat dyeing wastewater from a Xinjiang woolen mill, methylorange simulated wastewater and petrochemical wastewater.The research showed that PEG modified TiO₂/bentonite photocatalyst realized a maximum degradation rate to 87.67% at 2 h on methylorange simulated wastewater, and TiO₂/ pillared bentonite photocatalyst realized the highest degradation rate to 78.12% at on the degradation of petrochemical wastewater.Meanwhile, both above mentioned can reach the highest degeneration rates of 44.15% and 40.53% respectively at 2 h on Xinjiang woolen mill waste water.The recycling recovery on the PEG modified TiO₂/bentonite catalyst and the secondary degradation of woolen mill wastewater were also studied.

Study on Assessment of Mine Reclamation Based on Triangular Methodology

LI Fu-Lai, SHUANG Bao, XIN Xin

2009, 39(11):  162-165. 

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Triangular methodology was adopted to evaluate mine reclamation.The indexes of water factor, soil factor and vegetation factor are added as the mine reclamation index to measure the whole effectiveness of mine reclamation.The indexes of water factor, soil factor and vegetation factor are divided into three levels: low, medium and high.And in accordance with the three index-levels mentioned above, the final level of mine reclamation index is determined.According to the level of mine reclamation index, as well as the levels of water factor, soil factor and vegetation factor, the planning and measure of the mine reclamation are made and implemented timely to improve the whole effectiveness of mine reclamation.

Test Research on Iron Concentration and Sulfur Reduction for an Anhui Copper Tailing

ZENG Ke-Wen, JI Jun, ZHENG Gui-Bing, ZHANG Yun-Hai, REN Ai-Jun, LIU Shui-Hong, TIAN Yi-Lan

2009, 39(11):  166-168+191. 

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According to the ore characters of an Anhui copper tailing, the technical process of magnetic separation-classification of rough iron concentrate-regrinding of coarse concentrate-magnetic separation-flotation was adopted.Then these results showed that iron concentrate with yield of 54.75%, iron grade of 67.59% and sulfur content of 0.047% at an 84.74% iron recovery was obtained.Thus the grade and recovery of iron concentrate from the tailings can be improved and sulfur content can be reduced.

Experimental Study on Influencing Factors of Ammonia Leaching for A Copper Tailing

GAO Bao-Sheng, WANG Hong-Jiang, WU Ai-Xiang, ZHANG Yi, JIN Zheng-Cong

2009, 39(11):  169-171+189. 

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This paper takes some tailings of copper mine as the object of study and uses the general alkaline process leaching (ammonia to soak) technology to launch the experiment for the purpose of determining the impact of the tailings leaching factors and levels.The test result indicated that copper leaching rate related to the ammonia density, leaching cycle, temperature, liquid solid proposition, activator and so on.The conditions of this experimental obtained best leaching: The density between 100 g/L, the temperature in 40 ℃,the amount of activator used 35 g/L, leaching cycle 1.5 h, the liquid solid ratio is 3∶1.The highest leaching rate is 29.8%, the activator NH₃-NH₄HF₂ system causes the copper leaching rate to enhance about 2%.  

Experimental Investigation on Tailings Recovery for Meishan Dressing Plant

ZHANG Jun, TANG Yu-He

2009, 39(11):  172-174. 

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It is of significance for the sustainable development in Meishan Mining Corporation to speed up research and practice on the utilization of fine-grained tailings wetland, to maximize recovery of resources and reduce the fine-grained tailings emissions, and to extend the service life of tailings pond.This not only has a practical significance for the survival and development of Meishan Mining Corporation, but also has a good reference for the domestic mining industry on the comprehensive utilization of tailings.The study on the current total tailings from the dressing plant of Meishan Mining Corporation showed that under the same magnetic fields, the recovery rate by high gradient magnetic separator with horizontal magnetic fields is higher than that of vertical one.Clearly, under an appropriate operating condition, the tailing emissions reduction for Meishan dressing plant and the recycle of the existing tailings can be realized.

Experimental Research on the Preparation of Whole-tailings Paste Backfilling Material with Red Mud, Slag and Minor Clinker Aggregate

ZHU Li-Ping, NI Wen, ZHANG Xu-Fang, HUANG Di, ZHANG Yu-Yan

2009, 39(11):  175-178. 

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The effect of red mud on the performance of the whole-tailings paste filling material with blast furnace slag and minor clinker has been investigated.The results showed that red mud can effectively stimulate the activity of the system.And some problems of low compressive strength at early stage can be resolved accordingly.The optimized content of the red mud is 24% of the total cementing materials.The 1 d compressive strength of the samples is 3.6 MPa, and is as much as 6.5 times of that without red mud.Besides, the 3 d and 7 d compressive strength is 5.3 MPa and 7.2 MPa respectively, which can meet the requirement of mine backfilling.

Bioleaching of Uranium from Lower Grade Uranium Ores

WANG Xue-Gang, LIU Jin-Hui, LI Xue-Li, SHI Wei-Jun, ZHENG Zhi-Hong

2009, 39(11):  179-182. 

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The feasibility of bacterial recovery of uranium from the lower grade uranium ores was studied.The experiment results showed that above 60% uranium can be extracted from the uranium mine's low grade waste ores which grade is 0.0245%, the acid consumption of bacteria column leaching is less than 4%, the leaching periods are about 70 d.It is indicated that application of the bacteria for leaching recovery of uranium from low grade uranium mine is feasible.  

Study on New Re-concentration Recovery Technology of Tailings After Magnetic Separation

HU Bi-Hui

2009, 39(11):  183-185. 

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Anshan Xiaolingzi iron ore belongs to the sedimentary metamorphic iron deposits with characteristics of fine iron minerals and low magnetic rate, and it is a refractory iron ore.After re-concentration of tailings from magnetic separation, more than 65% of iron concentrate grade and a higher recovery rate were obtained.So a breakthrough and innovation in process technology are required.The new re-concentration process which did not adopt the traditional disc magnetic separator but the “rinse water” medium intensity magnetic separator at pre-concentration stage can greatly improve the Fe grade and recovery.This new process gave up the technical line of entirely depending on the monomer dissociation degree of iron minerals and adopted the spiral columns to show its high productivity advantages.Obtaining high quality concentrate under coarse particle size can not only reduce grinding stage and separation times, but also improve the follow-up operation condition.Hence, the traditional magnetic separation process has been further optimized.

Problems in Beneficiation of Converter Slag from Mineralogical Analysis and its Countermeasures

ZHANG Dai-Lin

2009, 39(11):  186-189. 

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The converter slag from copper smelting is important secondary metal resources, which are mainly recovered by the flotation.Because of its complex nature, and especially with the development of copper smelting technology, copper sulfide becomes less and copper oxide is more.Coupled with cooling method of converter slag and other factors, the converter slag becomes more complicated in nature and difficult to separate.Research on the process mineralogy of converter slag provides a scientific basis to promote beneficiation process, thus the indicators in beneficiation are improved.