Table of Content

15 October 2009, Volume 39 Issue 10

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Design Ideas and Examples of Large Valley-type Dry Tailings Stockpiling

FU Yong-Xiang

2009, 39(10):  1-4+31. 

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This paper analyzes the appropriate scope and advantages of the dry tailings stockpiling，and defines some related concept of stockpiling.The concepts and considerations in design of large valley-type dry tailings stockpiling are discussed and a design example of a 3 million t/a dry tailings in Chengde area is introduced.

Review of Stirred Pulp-Mixing Technology in Flotation Process

LI Zhen, LIU Jiong-Tian, CAO Yi-Jun

2009, 39(10):  5-11. 

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The paper introduces the existing stirred pulp-mixing equipments，analyzes the demand of the flotation machine，summarizes the developments in research，new equipment development and processing innovation.It pointed out that the high-efficient pulp-mixing technology is a new research direction of flotation technology.

Status for Metalized Pellets Technology

KANG Xing-Dong, LIU Jian-Peng, XIA Chun-Cai, CHEN Zhi-Ying, CHEN Tie-Jun

2009, 39(10):  12-15+20. 

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The paper summarizes the development of metalized pellets technology，analyzes its characteristics，and introduces its mechanism of reduction and the two basic methods in production，that is，the gas-based method and the coal-based method.And then，five processes for producing the metalized pellets are compared，pointing out that the most suitable process in production of metalized pellets in China is the rotary furnace process and the rotary reduction kiln process.

Evaluation System Research on Development and Utilization of Manganese Resources in China

LE Yi, YU Yong-Fu, ZHANG Jing-Sheng

2009, 39(10):  16-20. 

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The capacity for sustainable development and utilization of China's manganese resources is investigated by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).It is showed that the comprehensive evaluation for China's manganese resources in the sustainable development and utilization got a score of 0.543 0，indicating the poor condition of China's manganese resources in the sustainable development at present with a fairly severe situation.

The Safety Research and Mining Technology Practice of Complicated Hydro-geological Mines

ZHU Guo-Hui, XIAO Jian-Xin

2009, 39(10):  21-25+31. 

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The hydro-geological conditions in Daye Dahongshan copper mine is complicated.The implementation and the desired effect of the curtain grouting and exclusion of water project is the premise to realize the mining safety.Both of the first step that chamber mining is constantly developing and consummating and the second step that the sublevel open mining with filling subsequence from the top column to the end is successfully researched and promoted are of significance to realize the safe，efficient，low-cost，low-loss depleted，high recovery rate and stable production.Three-dimensional numerical simulation commends to adopt the top-to-bottom，central-to-end mining sequence to control the underground  pressure，and provide guidance to the prevention and treatment of mine water hazard and the safety; The investigation and analysis of the characteristics of underground pressure activities and the adoption of a series of pressure-controlling measures，especially the establishment of long-range automatic pressure monitoring system and its long-term stable operation guarantee the safe production in mining areas.

Under-sea Mining Method Selection based on Analytic Hierarchy Process and Gray Theory

HU Guo-Hong, LI Xi-Bing, LIU Zhi-Xiang

2009, 39(10):  26-31. 

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According to the complicated mining technical condition，the factors of technology，economy，safety and efficiency are comprehensively considered by using AHP and the gray system theories.The optional gray multilevel decision-making associated model for the under-sea mining method was established，and the weights of the evaluating model were determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP).The under-sea mining method by taking the final degree of gray incidence was evaluated.As an example，Sanshandao Gold Mine's practice has proved that the mining method selected by this approach can greatest achieve satisfactory results with safety，high efficiency and low consumption.

Three-dimensional Stability Analysis on Pillar Wall Rocks for Different Mining Scheme

南Shi-Qing

2009, 39(10):  32-34+44. 

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The determination of safe pillar's thickness in the middle section of the first mining for transferring to underground mining from open pit is the key technical issue for mine.With MSC.Patran and MSC.Nastran three-dimensional visualization computing software，the stability of pillar wall rocks by different mining programs with different thickness was analyzed.Mine can determine the mining program with different pillar's thickness based on conditions of top wall rocks for different section along the strike.

Study on Formation Mechanism of Mining Right Value of Mineral Resources Based on Option

ZOU Shao-Hui

2009, 39(10):  35-38+69. 

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The formation mechanism of mining right value of mineral resources based on option is the basis of the mining right evaluation of mineral resource with the theory of option price.Based on analysis of the option characteristics of mineral resource mining right，it is pointed out that mineral resource mining right could be regarded as multi-periods call option executed annually.For its underlying assert is mineral reserve，mineral resource mining rights is actually a real option.To evaluate mineral resources mining rights is to determine the value of the real option.The factors to affect the value of mineral mining rights are the price of mineral resource，the full cost of mineral mining，the value of mineral reserve，the opportunity cost of mineral mine investment，the holding term of mineral mining rights，the fluctuating rate of mineral reserve value，risk-free rate，and convenience yield.Moreover，the formation path of mineral mining rights depends on the changing process of mineral reserve price.

Practical Research on Dredging the High-level Blockage for a Long Large-section Chute

GAO Wen-Yuan, XU Zhong-Guang

2009, 39(10):  39-41+44. 

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This paper introduces the high-level blockage emergence in a short time in Xinbaima 1# chute.By judging the type of high-level blockage，the causes for the blockage are elaborated and some dredge disposals are given.Then these disposals are implemented to eventually dredge the blockage.And some attention that should be paid in design and construction of open-pit mine chute and in production are analyzed，and how to prevent the high-level blockage and to dredge the blockage for mine chute are summarized.

Application of Inner Dump for Open-pit in Gushan Iron Mine

HU Jun-Shang

2009, 39(10):  42-44. 

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The open-pit mining has more advantages than underground mining，but its disadvantages is also very obvious，that is，a lot of rocks are also peeled in minerals exploitation.Relative to the waste rock dump of underground mining，open-pit mining needs a larger one.Gushan Iron Mine is located in the Yangtze River Plain，so how to decide waste dump site is an old problem for mines.Using the existing open pit，the stripping and mining site is rationally adjusted，and conditions are created for realizing the inner dump and extending the open pit service life of Gushan Iron Mine.

Test Research on Permeability Improvement in Low Grade Argillic Gold Mine

LIU Wen-Yong, LI Zhen-Wei, LI Qi-Min, ZHANG Chang-Hai, YANG Peng

2009, 39(10):  45-47. 

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The improvement of permeability is the key technological approach to resolve the hard leaching problem of low grade argillic gold.To deal with this kind of hard leaching ore，some sort of dispersing agent has been developed.The test samples are from Xinchang 2# ore body，Yakou 1# ore body，Laochangshan 2# blended ore body and Sb ore body，all located in Yunan Douyue mine field.Then the permeability experiments would be carried out with the content of dispersing agent by 0 %，6 %，9 % and 12%.The result shows that the dispersing agent could outstandingly improve the permeability of the ore samples.

Prediction on Mining Strata Movement for Underground Metal Deposits and the Control Technology

WANG Guo-Hua, GUO Jin-Ping

2009, 39(10):  48-50+65. 

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Underground Mining lead to rock deformation and ground movement.Accurate prediction on the scope of strata movement is an important basis for mine design.First，three types of methods for predicting the rock movements are discussed，and suitable conditions and existed problems for each method are pointed out.And the comprehensive theory and prediction method based on analogies，numerical analysis and on-site monitoring are put forward.On this basis，the structure and modules of “the Support System for Predicting the Mining Strata Movement for Metal Deposits” which has being studied by the researchers，and its application prospect are introduced.

Study of Mechanism and Control of Deep Soft Rock Roadway Floor Heave in Yaoqiao Coal Mine

ZENG Kai-Hua, WANG Chun-Guang, LIU Jing

2009, 39(10):  51-55. 

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With the mining depth increase in Yaoqiao Coal Mine in Datun mine area，various nonlinear mechanics damages are appeared，which can seriously affect the safety production.In particular，the floor of the leading pass 7009 is greatly deformed by the combination of the dynamic and static load disturbance，in-situ stress field and former decoupling support design.This paper investigated the principal factor of mining-induced floor heave and the correlation mechanism based on the mechanical characters of surrounding rock，mineral analysis and former support form.Based on the optimized support design parameters by finite difference method and three-dimensional numerical simulation，the anchor roof by cable anchor is introduced to decrease the stress concentration in the floor.Besides，the floor anchor bolt is embedded in the footwall at 45°and 60°angle.The project practice showed that the floor heave can be effectively controlled.

Stability Analysis and Forecast of the North Wall Slope of Gongchangling Open-Pit Mine

WANG Hai-Long, FAN Guang-Hai, QIN Zhi-Hui

2009, 39(10):  56-58+62. 

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There is a sign of a large-scope integral landslide of the north wall slope in Gongchangling Open-Pit Mine.To avoid any disastrous accident, the stability of the current slope was analyzed and forecasted by the classical limit equilibrium method.The results show that, influenced by F100 fault, the final limit slope of Section 1~Section 3 is in instability or has insufficient safety reserve, especially at Section 1 and Section 2.Above Section 4, the distance fromF100 fault to the final limit slope exceeds 150m, indicating a sufficient safety reserve of the slope.In the middle east of the north wall, influenced by F100 fault, the final limit slope of Section 5~Section 8 is in instability or has insufficient safety reserve.There is little possibility for an integral landslide of the slope along F113 and F115 faults, but it is greatly possible that a local bench failure will occur at the fault outcrop on the slope surface.

FE Dynamic Simulation Analysis of in Under-Sea Point Pillar Mining

PENG Kang, LI Xi-Bing, PENG Shu-Quan, LIU Zhi-Xiang, ZHAO Guo-Yan, LIU Ai-Hua

2009, 39(10):  58-62. 

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Sanshandao Gold Mine is the first hard rock mine carrying out under-sea mining in China, which adopts the mechanical upward horizontal slice stoping-filling method with pointed pillars.ANSYS finite element numerical simulation method was used to calculate and analyze quantitatively the distribution of the stress, displacement and plastic zone of the stop roof, floor and point pillars in the different mining steps after the filling, and to simulate their dynamic change process and regularity with the stoping stress and strain of each step.The analysis results were used in the practical engineering, providing a technical support to an efficient safety under-sea mining in Xinli mineral zone of Sanshandao Gold Mine.

Improved FEM for the Seepage Field Calculation of Tailings Dam

ZHANG Li-Ting, QI Qing-Lan, GU Fang

2009, 39(10):  63-65. 

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An improved FEM for the seepage field calculation of tailings dam is proposed based on the traditional moving grid method.Its difference from the moving grid method lies in that, in specific calculation, the whole dam is considered as a seepage field, which requires only the assumption of the elevation of egress points instead of that of free liquid surface.The gridding may be made on the whole dam body, with only the refining for the area near the egress points required.In the interactive progress, only a local correction for the grids near the egress points is required, without considering the grid adjustment in the seepage zone.The link line of the points whose pore water pressure equals zero in the field that is got after the calculation is the seepage line.The correctness of the method is further verified by practical engineering cases.

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Mode of Transition from Open-Pit to Underground

ZHAO Bin, WANG Xin-Min, Zhang-Qin-Li, 南Shi-Qing , SU Ming, SONG Ai-Dong

2009, 39(10):  66-69. 

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A comprehensive evaluation method was proposed for the mode of transition from open-pit to underground mining of TangSteel Shirengour Iron Mine, which considered the linkage degree betweem the open-pit mining and underground mining in time, space, integral production capacity and mining system, and realized a quantitative evaluation. The result indicates that the open-pit mining and underground mining of this mine have a low linkage degree in mining time, close relation in space, very low degree in utilizing its integral production capacity, and weak linkage betweem the two mining systems, and lack a unified all-sided plan.

Study on the Prediction of Ore Dilution and Loss Rates in Side Drawing

YU Jian, YANG Zheng-Song

2009, 39(10):  70-73+103. 

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The prediction and control method of ore dilution and loss rates is an important component of drawing theory. The available side drawing theory studies only the calculation method for the dilution rate when front wastes are mixed into the drawing body, and fails to realize a prediction and control of the dilution and loss rates in actual production where wastes come into the drawing body from various directions. Therefore, the mechanism of dilution and loss formation in a side drawing process involving wastes coming from various directions is studied. Based on the current dilution rate calculation involving the front wastes mixing, calculation methods for the dilution and loss rates involving the wastes from top, flank and multi-directions are proposed respectively, setting up a complete prediction calculation system for the dilution and loss rates in side drawing.

Numerical Calculation of the Tailings Dam Failure in Fengcheng City

CHEN Dian-Qiang, HE Feng, WANG Lai-Gui

2009, 39(10):  74-76+80. 

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The tailings reservoirs in China are characterized by great number, small size and low safety level, with most of the small and medium-sized ones not normally designed. Downstream of the most tailings reservoirs, there are living areas, factories, mines or important facilities. Therefore, the dam failure analysis is necessary for enhancing the tailings reservoir management so as to reduce the disaster impact to the minimum. A dam failure analysis for an iron mine' tailings reservoir in Fengchen City has been made in order to take corresponding preventative measures to reduce the loss, including the largest dam-break debris flow, arrival time, scope and depth of inundation.  

Study on the Parameters and Resistance of Low-Elevation  Long-Distance Backfilling Pipeline Network

WANG Hai-Rui, LI Xi-Bing, ZHAO Guo-Yan

2009, 39(10):  77-80. 

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To design a rational low-elevation long-distance pipeline pumping transport system, a theoretical study on the pipe resistance for the pipe selection for Maluping Mine, Kaiyang Phosphorus Mining Group were carried out. The result shows that the 20# seamless steel pipe with an outside diameter of 140 mm and a wall thickness of 9.5 mm can fully satisfy the requirement for backfilling slurry transport at a 16 MPa hydrostatic pressure. The calculation show that the maximum transmission resistance will be 2 083.04~15 368.53 kPa for a slurry with a concentration of 53%~58% and velocity of 1.6~2 m/s,providing a rational design basis for the pipeline pumping system.

Beneficiation Test on Iron Increase and Phosphorous Reduction of a  High-phosphorus Oolitic Hematite in Western Hubei

YANG Da-Wei, SUN Ti-Chang, XU Cheng-Yan, QI Chao-Ying, LI Zhi-Xiang

2009, 39(10):  81-83+107. 

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To exploit and utilize the Ningxiang type high phosphorus oolitic hematite ore in western Hubei，a beneficiation test on iron increase and phosphorous reduction by many processes of inverse flotation，high intensity magnetic separation (HIMS)，HIMS-inverse flotation and reduction roast-LIMS was carried out.The test shows that it is hard to effectively separate the ores with the conventional method.A good performance with an iron concentrate grading 92.34% at an 90.31% iron recovery bearing P less than 0.025% could be obtained by reduction roast-two stage grinding and low intensity magnetic separation with addition of dephosphorizer agent.  

Research on Flash Magnetizing Roasting-Magnetic Separation for Daxigou Siderite

LIU Xiao-Yin, YU Yong-Fu, CHEN Wen

2009, 39(10):  84-85+89. 

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Experiments on the flash magnetizing roasting-magnetic separation for Daxigou -1 mm siderite powder with Fe grade of 21.21% was made by adopting the flash magnetizing roasting furnace developed by themselves.Good test results with Fe concentrate yield of 38% ~ 40%，Fe grade of over 56%，metal recovery of more than 80% were obtained.This process provides a new flow-sheet for the high-efficient utilization of the refractory low magnetic iron ore.

Research on Application of Novel Collector QAS224 in Reverse Flotation De-silicatation for Bauxite

YU Xin-Yang, ZHONG Hong, LIU Guang-Yi, HUANG Zhi-Qiang, CHANG Qing-Wei

2009, 39(10):  86-89. 

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With application of a new self-developed collector QAS224，the reverse flotation de-silicatation tests on a bauxite in Henan with Al₂O₃ grade of 64%，Al-Si ratio of about 6.1 were made through a process of a roughing- two cleanings-two scavenging.The results showed that under grinding fineness of -0.074 mm 81.24% and pH 11，a concentrate with Al₂O₃ grade of 67.79%，Al₂O₃ recovery of 81.72% and Al-Si ratio of 9.67 can be obtained.Hence，QAS224 was an effective collector in reverse flotation de-silicatation of bauxite.  

Study on Electro-chemistry Flotation Behavior of Lead-zinc-iron  Sulfides with DDTC as Collector

LI Wen-Juan, SONG Yong-Sheng, ZHOU Gui-Ying, LIU Shuang

2009, 39(10):  90-92. 

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The floatability of Galena，Sphalerite and monoclinic Pyrrhotite in different pH and different potential with DDTC as collector were studied.It showed that Galena could float well in the whole pH tests，the floatability of monoclinic Pyrrhotite became low under low pH，and the floatability of Sphalerite decreased greatly with pH increased; The variety of potential insensitively affected on monoclinic Pyrrhotite，the floatability of galena decreased with the increase of potential，and the floatability of Sphalerite became low with the decrease of potential.  

Research on the New Flotation Reagent System for a Guangxi Polymetallic Lead-zinc Ore

ZHANG Zi-Ye

2009, 39(10):  93-97+107. 

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Since the previous flotation reagent system can not suit the variety of ore's character in a beneficiation plant of Polymetallic lead-zinc mine in Guangxi，leading to the bad index in beneficiation production，experiment researches on the new flotation reagent system are carried out.Then copper concentrate grading of 22.19% at a 58.29% recovery，lead concentrate grading of 62.97% at a 78.39% recovery，and zinc concentrate grading of 50.52% at an 88.81% recovery were obtained.Compared with the former index，the copper-lead-zinc concentrates can be improved by 10.04%，24.65% and 0.92% respectively in grade and by 30.29%，1.42% and 10.01% at recovery.  

Experiment Study on Mineral Processing of Some Complex Gold Ore

LIU Shui-Hong, TAO Ming-Hao, ZHENG Gui-Bing, ZENG Ke-Wen

2009, 39(10):  98-103. 

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There are various valuable components in a gold mine.The previous mineral processing technology can only produce one type of gold concentrate and make enterprises low efficiency.Hence，beneficiation tests on this ore were carried out by both separation flow-sheets consisting of lead-gold mixed flotation-lead-gold separation-sulfur separation from tailing mixed flotation and the lead-gold mixed flotation-lead-gold separation.The results showed that the former process can reach lead concentrate with Pb grade of 49.36% and Au content of 260.30 g/t，gold concentrate with Au grade of 34.20 g/t and Pb content of 2.21%，and sulfur concentrate with S of 42.31%; The latter can reach lead concentrate with Pb grade of 51.21% and Au content of 249.29 g/t and gold concentrate with Au grade of 24.26 g/t and Pb content of 1.05%.

Study on the Flotation Technology for Treating a Low Grade Refractory Fluorite Ore in Hebei

DOU Yuan-Dong, LI Shou-Sheng, LIU Yun-Jie, YANG Dian-Ji, WANG Hui

2009, 39(10):  104-107. 

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Due to low grade raw ores，fine-grained dissemination of fluorite and quartz，and some weathering issues，the fluorite in Hebei province belongs to the refractory one.CaF₂ concentrate only grading at about 88% by the former beneficiation can not reach a good sale.Therefore，the beneficiation experiments are carried out again for this ore.In view of the ore characters，a flotation flow sheet consisting of one-stage cleaning flotation regrinding and seven stage cleaning flotation was selected.Finally，fluorite concentrates with CaF₂of 97.23%，and SiO₂ of 2.36%，and CaF₂ recovery of 70.56% were obtained，and the quality of production was improved greatly，providing the technical support to get a large market for the mine enterprise.

Sedimentation Tests on a Fine-grained Gold Tailing and Calculation of the Transparent Distance

DU Fei-Fei, 吕Xian-Jun , WANG Jian, JIN Zi-Qiao

2009, 39(10):  108-110+139. 

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From sedimentation tests，the settling distance under different concentration and different settling way for a fine-grained gold tailing are measured，and then the transparent distance of discharging to the tailing pond under different pulp concentration，different settling means and different discharging pipe arrangement are calculated based on the measurement results and some related materials provided by mine.The results showed that the settling velocity of tailings at different concentrations is very low as natural subsidence.The settling velocity for tailings，especially for low concentration tailings can be increased by adding No.3 flocculants.The calculation results showed that the transparent distance in tailing pond was effectively shortened by reducing the slurry concentration，adding flocculants and large spacing tailing discharging.This result provides a basis for selecting a suitable tailing discharging disposal options for mine.

Effect of Quaternary Sediments of Hengyang Basin，Hunan on Geo-gas Prospecting

HU Xian-Yong, CAO Jian-Jin

2009, 39(10):  111-113+130. 

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Geogas survey，found by K.Cristiansson and L.Malmqvist in 1980's，is a potential mean for geochemical exploration in covered regions and has been studied since it was introduced into China.A lot of improvements have been made in China as efforts by many geochemists.However，little knowledge about its formation and lack of standard procedures limited its application in practical mineral exploration.Through the simulation experiments of geo-gas migration for the quaternary sediment samples and the TEM observation，it is identified that the minerals more easily adsorbing nano-gold are lepidocrocite，goethite，kaolinite，halloysite and so on.These minerals are the main factors that affect the migration.This research can be applied into the ore prospecting of metal deposits in the tropical or sub-tropical region of China.   

Application of Pre-floating Measures in Deep-hole Drilling in the Complex Strata

HOU Xiao-Dong, ZHANG Yan-Fang

2009, 39(10):  114-116+125. 

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The strata in Yinshan Au-Cu lead-zinc multi-metal mine are mainly in form of phyllite.Due to the complex schistosity of phyllite and big occurrence change，the degree of borehole curvature is over norms in deep-hole drilling construction process，which seriously hampered the drilling quality.In order to effectively resolve this problem and improve the drilling quality and exploration results，a technical breakthrough is made，where pre-floating measures are adopted with better results.  

Various Technique and Methods for Ore Prospecting and Mineralization Prognosis in Heishuigou-tongkeng Deep Area in Dachang Ore Fields

FAN Sen-Kui, WANG Ming-Yan, CHENG Yong-Sheng, LI Xiu-Dan, WU De-Cheng

2009, 39(10):  117-121. 

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Dachang ore field is a famous tin-polymetallic deposit in China with significant distribution rule on the plane and in vertical direction for ore deposit.The second ore-prospecting place，which is below the surface 600 meter，is of great potential in ore prospecting.Under the guide of modern metallogenic theory and metallogenic prognosis，various techniques and methods were integrated，including comprehensive geological study，trend surface analysis，and geophysics，geochemistry and remote sensing.Among them，the comprehensive geological study could determine the ore prospecting space，and the variation of geologic body and the vertical space of ore-body could be got by the trend surface analysis.The technique of geophysics，geochemistry，remote sensing provided the three-dimensional space prospecting information.The mineralization prognosis in Heishuigou-tongkeng deep area in Dachang ore field is remarkably made with good results achieved.After prognosis verification，the new Zn-polymetallic resources are close to a super large deposit.  

Eliminating the Exceptional Values of Microtopography Based on Fuzzy Support Vector Regress Algorithm

LUO Bai-Wen, XIA Yi-Min, FAN Hong-Liang, Han-Zhen-Xing, SONG Zi-Hui

2009, 39(10):  122-125. 

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In the survey of underwater microtopography, due to the influence of such factors as reverberation, noises disturbance, characteristics of bottom materials and gradient, there can be some exceptional altimetric values of microtopography in the computation result even if an accurate detection of echo signals is made by ultrasonic wave amplitude-related method, and the true landform is hard to characterize by digital microtopography reconstructed by the conventional least square method. Therefore, the algorithm of fuzzy support vector regression with the most interrelated coefficient of dispersion echo as accuracy factor was established, which, based on a strict mathematical theory, has great application potential in data regression, especially for small samples. The comparative experiments indicate that the algorithm's regression line can effectively eliminate the effect of exceptional values, so as to well reflect the exterior figure of actual microtopography.   

Research on the Application of Large Efficient Mechanized Shotcrete-Bolt Support Technology in Underground Mine

YAO Gao-Hui, WU Ai-Xiang, WANG Hong-Jiang-

2009, 39(10):  126-130. 

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Based on the mechanism analysis of shotcrete-bolt support, the main cause of support failure was found to be the mismatch between its stiffness and ultimate distortion and the wall rock. In light of the characteristic of loose rockmass and existing problems of bolt-mesh support, a series of industrial tests on mechanized support technology of wet-mix shotcrete and resin bolt were conducted. Firstly, the reasonable proportion, tensile strength and compressive strength of polypropylene fiber concrete (PFC) were obtained, and the optimal shotcrete thickness of main decline was determined to be 68~90 mm. Secondly, φ25 mm×2 400 mm resin bolts with full-size anchorage were introduced gradually instead of spilt set. High efficiency mechanized bolt installation was carried out by Boomer 282 jumbo. The techno-economical comparative analysis indicates that the united support of wet-mix shotcrete and resin bolts has a smaller support cost per meter and more reliable engineering quality, especially applicable for tunnel development support in loose and broken rock.  

Modeling and Evaluation of BPR for Mining Enterprise Based on Gray Theory

LIU Xian-Xin, HU Nai-Lian

2009, 39(10):  131-134+139. 

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Aimed at the deficiencies in the evaluation of business process reengineering method，the characters of grey theory in business process reengineering project evaluation was analyzed and the evaluation of business process reengineering project was also put forward based on gray theory.In the process of this evaluation，four macro factors were considered including business process cost，business process quality，customer satisfaction index and the efficiency of business process.The advantage and disadvantage of each project can be confirmed through the way mentioned above and a satisfying reengineering method can be selected.Thus the implement risk of business process reengineering project for mining enterprises can be reduced.  

Design and Realization of Cost Accounting System based on  Web for Teams and Groups of Mine Enterprise

WANG Cheng-Gang, WANG Zi-Zhen, ZHAO Yong-Xi

2009, 39(10):  135-136+154. 

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The design thought and the technical realization method of cost accounting system for teams and groups of mine enterprise are elaborated.This software system adopted the advanced B/S structure technology of INTERNET to solve the actual problems on the sales and saves management，non-material management，backstage management and cost accounting in interior market of mine enterprise.It provided a real frame for fine management and cost accounting of mine enterprise，and played a vital role in enhancing the economic efficiency for enterprise.  

Application of Kriging Estimation Method in SURPAC Block Model

CHEN Xiao-Wen, SONG Ge-Wen

2009, 39(10):  137-139. 

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Kriging method is the most important and basic estimation method in geostatistics.The basic principles of Kriging and the block model based on SURPAC software are overviewed.And the estimation values for block model by kriging method，the method and process for establishment of resources model are introduced from the practical application.

Performance Test of the Pulse-Jet Cartridge Filter in Low-Dust Environment

YANG Jun-Rui, XU Hai-Lun, CHEN Hai-Yan, ZHANG Yi-Zhi

2009, 39(10):  140-143+171. 

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To widen the application scope of pulse-jet cartridge filter, a test was made on its performance in a low-dust environment. The result shows that the pulse-jet cartridge filter has very good dedusting and purification effects on low concentration dust （The purification efficiency is up to 99.99%), illustrating its application feasibility and reliability in low dust environment.  

Experiment Study on Oil Field Wastewater Treatment by Natural Kaolin

ZHOU Yan, JIN Xiao-Ying, WANG Qing-Ping, CHEN Zu-Liang

2009, 39(10):  144-147. 

Asbtract ( 1890 )  

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The adsorption property of natural kaolin for oil field wastewater was investigated.The results indicated that when Kaolin dose was 10 g/L with stirring speed of 250 r/min and adsorption time of 30 min at room temperature (25 ℃) and the normal pH value (8)，the removal rate of crude oil with Kaolin can reach more than 80% when oil concentration in oil field wastewater is less than 1 350 mg/L.The overall adsorption process with Kaolin from oil field wastewater was spontaneous endothermic process.The isothermal data could be well described by the Langmuir equation.The dynamical data fit well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Investigation on the pH Variation of the Soaking Solutions and the Rules of Nickel Release from a Molybdenum Tailing

MO Wei, MA Shao-Jian, WANG Gui-Fang, SU Xiu-Juan, LI Hui

2009, 39(10):  148-151. 

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After 105 d continuous static soaking tests，the variation rule of the pH value of the soaking solutions and the ion concentration with soaking time for a molybdenum tailing is investigated.The results showed that this tailing can well neutralize the acidic solutions of pH values ranged from 3.5 to 6 to neutral state (pH=7) within 2~8 days and then always maintained this state.The more fine the tailing is，the more thick the Ni²⁺ ion release solution is.In general，Ni²⁺ ionic concentration reached its maximum values within 25 d，and then declined，following with oscillating around some average values.

Design and Construction of Mine Pedestrian Suspension Bridge

WANG Xue-Zhu

2009, 39(10):  152-154. 

Asbtract ( 1392 )  

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The main span of mine suspension bridge is 2 m × 110 m.In combination with the design of the pedestrian suspension bridge，its structural characteristics，calculation methods and construction are introduced.  

Model for Evaluating the Safety Innovation Effects in Coal Mines based on “Security Force Engineering”

HOU Yan-Hui, HAO Min, ZHANG Fu-Ping

2009, 39(10):  155-157. 

Asbtract ( 1709 )  

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Safety is an eternal theme for the production and management in coal mines, and the effects evaluation of safety management innovation is an important base for it. An index system for the effects evaluation of safety management innovation is set up based on the security-force theory system. The evaluation method and a case study using this model for Chaili Coal Mine are described. The study result is of practical guidance significance to the safety management of coal enterprises.

Selective Extraction of Copper from Microbial Leaching Solution of Waste Printed Circuit Boards

ZHANG Cheng-Long, WANG Jing-Wei, BAI Jian-Feng, GUAN Jie

2009, 39(10):  158-160. 

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The separation of copper from microbial leaching solution of waste printed circuit boards by extraction was studied.The results showed that: Using N902 as the extraction agent，a copper extraction from leaching solution can be selectively realized.Under the conditions of the 10% extraction agent，extract phase of 1∶1 and extract time of 5 min，the copper extraction rate can be up to 99.51% with Cu and Fe separation factor of 2 058; With sulfuric acid solution as the stripping agent，back-extraction on the loading organic phase is carried out.Under the conditions of the sulfuric acid concentration of 1.8 mol / L，back extraction phase rate of 1∶1，at back-extraction time of 5 min，the back-extraction rate of copper can be up to 93.57%.  

Zinc Recovery from Wastewater of Indium Extraction by Pyrite  Concentrate with Assist of Ultrasonic

ZENG Mao-Hua, LI Zai-Bo, ZHAO Xu-Guang, XI Chang-Sheng

2009, 39(10):  161-164. 

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A new method of Zinc recovery from wastewater of Indium extraction was investigated by adding pyrite concentrate with assist of controlling pH value and using ultrasonic，where sulfur ion has a sedimentation effect on Zn.The results showed that when pH value is 2，sulfur concentrate dosage is as 1.5 times as the theoretical one at normal temperature and 50min ultrasonic wave with frequency of 140 kHz and power of 150 W，Zn concentrate grading of 50.36% at a 95.29% recovery was obtained from wastewater of indium extraction with Fe content of 61.23 g/L and Zn of 28.23 g/L in a Guangzhou smelter.Compared with ultrasound-assisted and non-ultrasound-assisted effects，the former can make Zn recovery and Zn grade increased by 23.67 % and 18.52 % respectively with zinc concentrate more uniform and the particle size significantly reduced.

Effects of Sintering Temperature on Phase and Physical Properties of Hejin Red Mud

LIU Xue-Yin, JIANG Bin, HUANG Chao-Hui, FANG Ming-Hao, LIU Yan-Gai

2009, 39(10):  165-167. 

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To provide a basic foundation for the ceramic application of red mud，and take the red mud from a Hejin Aluminum Plant as a case，effects of sintering temperature on the phase transformation and physical properties are studied.The results showed that the main crystalline phases of red mud samples are Gehlenite，Quartz，and a small amount of Albite，Morimotoite and Andradite.When the temperature higher than 1 000 ℃，Quartz，Albite and Morimotoite in sintered samples are gradually reduced，but Gehlenite and Andradite increased with the sintering temperature increased.The proper sintering temperature of red mud was at 1 150 ℃，with the bulk density of red mud samples of 1.82 g/cm³，water absorption of 19.9%，porosity of 36.0% and compressive strength of 58.8 MPa.The increase of Gehlenite and Andradite in red mud at a high temperature and the glass phase played an important role in developing the strength of red mud samples and promoting the ceramic mechanism of red mud.

Beneficiation Tests on Comprehensive Recovery of Iron and Sulfur from a Certain Sichuan Tailings

WANG Guo-Sheng, HAN Zhao-Yuan, ZHONG Sen-Lin, ZHANG Chao-Da

2009, 39(10):  168-171. 

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Partial magnetic iron minerals and sulfur minerals were contained in a certain Sichuan tailings from iron ore separation.According to the nature of the tailings，beneficiation tests on iron concentration are made by the screening classification- -0.5 mm gravity pre-concentration-sulfur flotation from crude concentrate after gravity separation - tailings flotation magnetic separation process.Three kinds of products like sulfur concentrate，strong magnetic iron concentrates and weak magnetic iron concentrates were got，where Sulfur concentrate is grading at 39.66% at an 82.54% recovery，strong magnetic iron concentrate is grading at 62.28% at a 32.59%% recovery，and weak magnetic iron concentrate grading at 51.87% at a 5.36% recovery respectively.

Test Research on Re-beneficiation of a Manganese Tailing

FU Kai-Bin, LIN Hai, TU Chang-Neng, YANG Shi-Kai

2009, 39(10):  172-175+183. 

Asbtract ( 1931 )  

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There are still 12% of Manganese in a Manganese tailing.To make well use of the resources，some re-beneficiation tests on tailings to improve the recovery was carried out by the dry-type high-intensity magnetic separation process，the wet-type high-intensity magnetic separation，and the dry-wet combined HIMS.The tests results indicated that manganese concentrate grading of 35.41% at an 80.37% recovery was obtained by the wet HIMS，and grade of 34.45% at an 82.35% recovery by the dry-wet combined HIMS.Compared with both processes，the latter is more economical and reasonable with grinding decreased by 43%. Manganese tailing|Dry-type high intensity magnetic separation|Wet-type high intensity magnetic 

Study on Flotation Experiment of Lead and Zinc from Cyanide  Gangue Residues in a Silver Concentrate

DAI Shu-Juan, MENG Yu-Qun, HU Zhi-Gang, SHAO Feng-Jun, BAI Li-Mei

2009, 39(10):  176-179. 

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There are some valuable minerals as lead，zinc，gold and silver in a cyanide gangue residue，where silver concentrate is pre-treated from leaching-cyanide gold and silver being intensified as alkaline at normal temperature and pressure.The main metallic minerals are pyrite，galena，sphalerite and arsenic pyrite，and there is a little silver mineral.The size of gangue residue is very fine，and there is lot of mud in gangue residue，lead and zinc mineral is oxidated very much，and recovering of aim mineral is effected.The lead is not enriched by flotation，and the index of grade of zinc concentrate being 55.62%,recovery of zinc being 66.15%，grade of gold and silver being 66.94 g/t and 538.9 g/t，recovery of gold and silver being 47.96% and 25.67% in zinc concentrate.

Study on the Occurrence Situation of Sulphides in Tailing from China Kaolin Clay Company

LI Yong, SUN Ti-Chang, WANG Hua-Jun

2009, 39(10):  180-183. 

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To properly realize the comprehensive utilization of tailings from China Kaoling Clay Company，the occurrence situation of Sulphides are investigated.It is indicated that the main valuable elements in tailings are S，Zn，Pb，where Zn and P exist in sulfides.The main minerals are pyrite.There is a high single pyrite content in Sphalerite and Galena，both of which have a low liberation.Research results showed that the recovery of valuable elements from tailings provided a basis for the mineralogical analysis.