Table of Content

15 February 2008, Volume 38 Issue 02

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Strategy for Sustainable Development of Luzhong Metallurgy & Mining Group Corporation

LIU Xin-Qiang

2008, 38(02):  1-4+15. 

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Based on the analysis of the difficulties and challenges faced by the sustainable development of Luzhong Metallurgy & Mining Group Corporation, the paper discusses the ways for the company to implement a sustainable development in respect of expanding resource reserve, improving the comprehensive utilization of resource, upgrade the enterprise's core competitive power, turning resource superiority into development superiority and capital operation.

Status Quo of Engineering Application of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) from Bacteria and Progress in Its Research

ZHU Chang-Liang, YANG Hong-Ying, JIA Bing-Guo, XU Chun-Ju, LI Jin-Liang, FAN You-Jing, PI Guang-Zhi, LI Wen-Zhi

2008, 38(02):  5-9+15. 

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The paper describes the property and extraction method of extracellular polymeric substances from bacteria, and reviews the domestic and foreign application of bacterial EPS and its main components in mineral processing, environment, foodstuff and biomedicine fields and the progress in its research.

Evolution of China's Tax & Fee System for Mineral Resource and Suggestions on Its Reform

ZHANG Yan-Ping, WANG Li-Jie, ZHANG Jin-Rui

2008, 38(02):  10-12+34. 

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The paper introduces the historical evolution and development of China's tax and fee system for mineral resource, analyzes its existing problems, and from the view point of sustainable development and improvement of China's paid use system for mineral resource, some suggestions are given for its future reform.

Discussion on International Market Equilibrium Price of Iron Ore Resource

CHU Yong, LI Yu-Ping

2008, 38(02):  13-15. 

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In light of the non-regenerability of iron ore resource, the formation and decision of the international market equilibrium price of iron ore resource are analyzed by introducing the scarcity cost and market interest rate.The future price trend of iron ore resource is forecasted.

Research on Application of Diaphragm Wall in Slope Consolidation and Water Blocking of Open-Pit Mine

WANG Yun-Yong, GAO Yong-Tao, ZHAO Yong-Chang, LIU Wei-Jian, WU Shun-Chuan

2008, 38(02):  16-19. 

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Shenglongxia Open-pit Mine in Qian'an County, Tangshan City is adjacent to Lu'an River.Due to the sufficient underground water supplement and loose slope structure, the conventional grouting method can not meet the requirements of both earth retaining and water blocking.In view of this case, a consolidation scheme based on diaphragm wall was selected.It is known from FLAC numerical analysis and site monitoring data that the safety factor is only 0.83 when the excavation is made without consolidation and the predicted rush-in water in the whole pit is as high as 23 000 m³/d.The safety factor is 1.37 when the excavation is made after consolidation and the maximum rush-in water is only 1 000 m³/d, fully demonstrating that this scheme can effectively play a role of earth retaining and water blocking.It is the first international case of applying diaphragm wall in open-pit mine, and therefore, is of the value of wide spreading.

Application of Catastrophe Progression Method in Forecasting Spontaneous  Combustion of Blasted Muckpile of Sulfide Ore

GAO Ke, LI Ming, WU Chao, HUANG Rui

2008, 38(02):  20-24+34. 

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An integrated method for forecasting the spontaneous combustion of blasted muckpile of sulfide ore is proposed which is based on catastrophe progression theory.The method makes a multi-level contradiction decomposition of the forecast objects influencing the spontaneous combustion of muckpile, obtains catastrophe fuzzy member function by combining the catastrophe theory and fuzzy mathematics, and carries out comprehensive quantified calculation by normalization formula to finally obtain one parameter, or the total member function for forecasting the spontaneous combustion of muckpile.Five spontaneous risk levles are determined by interpolation method and catastrophe progression value scope is defined for each level.Testing is made on ore samples from seven typical mines.The forecast results of this method, the Dow chemical forecast results and the real conditions of muckpile are compared.The results show that the catastrophe progression method has high success rate and strong objectivity.Its discriminate rate for a copper ore is rather high and can also reach 83.3% for other six typical ores with unknown ventilation conditions.It provides a new way for the research on the forecast of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore muckpile.

Study on Hydraulic Calculation for Transporting Total Tailings Slurry at High Head Difference

ZHANG Peng, ZHAO Hong-Sheng, GUO Jin-Feng, HU Yong-Quan, XU Zhi-Hong, LIN Xiao-Fei

2008, 38(02):  25-29. 

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Total tailings backfilling is currently the main development trend of backfilling technology.And the researchers both at home and abroad have done intensive trial work on hydraulic calculation for total tailings, and have found empirical formulas of different forms.This paper describes in detail the calculation process for entire tailings transport: firstly, to make a test on the nature of the tailing so as to determine its volume ratio, density, average particle size, settling velocity when it leaves the concentrator; then to determine the flowrate, critical velocity and the relevant pipeline diameter in order to determine the hydraulic gradient and friction coefficient; and finally, to decide on the pumps to be used according to the flowrate, lift and total head.In the meantime of calculation process description, the paper also explains the relevant concepts and recommends a reasonable formula according to the actual situation.Compared with the conventional multi-scheme comparison method, this method of hydraulic calculation for transporting total tailing slurry at high head difference has the advantage of simple and accurate calculation.It is also of guiding significance to the optimization of general pipeline transport schemes.

Study on Algorithms for Open-Pit Limit Optimization and Its Application

ZHANG Tong-Wei, WANG Li-Guan, GONG Yuan-Xiang

2008, 38(02):  30-34. 

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Open-pit limit optimization is an important content in open-pit mining design and production process control.Limit optimization requires that mine resource condition, mining technical condition, mineral product sales price, ore mining and processing cost be taken into integral consideration for the final realization of maximized economic benefit of mine production.Based on the 3D block model of mineral source, the paper describes the basic principle of floating cone method for limit optimization， and highlights the realization method of the limit optimization when slope angle changes in different space zones and the formation process of the open-pit limit under complex slope conditions.Finally, real cases of the application of floating cone method in mining softwares are presented.

Vibration Effect and Safety Criteria of Blasting Excavation

YU Yong-Qiang, YANG Xiao-Lin, LIANG Wei-Min

2008, 38(02):  35-39. 

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The paper analyzes and studies the main control factors and safety criteria of blast-vibration effect, and describes the adjacent important objects to be protected, the vibration effect and safety criteria of blasting for excavation in special stratum, the vibration effect and of blasting tunnelling on the overlying buildings and their safety control.The site measurement results and research show that excavation blasting under different conditions can induce seismic waves with different attenuation laws.In light of the particle vibration velocity, the safety criteria of blast-vibration for such environmental conditions as major cultural relics, karst tunnel, frozen earth tunnel and subway are proposed.

Study on Time and Parameter Design for Engineering Support of Wall Rock at Depth in Jinchuan Mine

ZHANG Zhou-Ping, YU Wei-Jian, GAO Qian, WEI Han-Bo

2008, 38(02):  40-44. 

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In order to solve the problem concerning the wall rock support time in complex geological environment, a series of theoretical and numerical analysis were made on a large span cavity at 1165m level in Jinchun No.3 Mine.First, based on site survey, preliminary engineering geological evaluation on the wall rock was made and it was concluded that the wall rock was in unstable status.Then, theoretical study was carried out on the rheology of Jinchuan rock mass and a nonlinear rheological model was established.The best secondary support time was found by fitting.Finally, in light of the rock mass deformation characteristics, a concept of “support after proper stress release” was proposed, and study was mad on cavity support by numerical calculation method, resulting in a series of conclusions.The research results indicate that support after proper stress release will facilitate the improvement of the self-carrying capability of wall rock mass and consequently, the long term stability of the support engineering.

Elastic Analysis of Stress Concentration Factor of Rectangular Drift

GUO Li, WANG Jian-Bo, LI Ning

2008, 38(02):  45-48+96. 

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If stress concentration factor expression for rectangular drift opening is known, it can be of great help in the design and support of mine horizontal rectangular drift.Dimensional analysis was first made and parameters relating to rectangular drift were made dimensionless.By means of functions of complex variable, the functional relations between stress concentration coefficient K_t and ratio coefficients k, s, n were deduced and compared with numerical simulation results, which achieved satisfactory results.

Test Research on HIMS-Reverse Flotation of Oolitic Hematite of Longyan Iron Mine, Xuan Steel

NIU Fu-Sheng, BAI Li-Mei, WU Gen, YU Yang, SUN Da

2008, 38(02):  49-52+101. 

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In order to better exploit and utilize the oolitic hematite ore resource in Zhangjiakou region, staged grinding-separation process consisting of high intensity magnetic separation (HIMS) and reverse floatation was adopted in the beneficiation test on the regionally representative oolitic hematite ore of Longyan Iron Mine, Xuan Steel.The test results indicate that, with Slong pulsating high gradient magnetic separation as HIMS equipment, with NaOH, starch, CaO and TS as flotation reagents, and at a grind of 65% -200 mesh for the primary grinding and 95%-200 mesh for the secondary grinding, an iron concentrate grading 62.34% and having an iron recovery of 53.07% can be achieved after two stage HIMS and one roughing-one cleaning reverse flotation.

Beneficiation Test on A Yunan Refractory Manganese-Iron Ore

DAI Hui-Xin, ZHAO Zhi-Qiang

2008, 38(02):  53-56+65. 

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A Yunnan manganese-iron ore is a refractory one due to its high iron-manganese ratio, being severely weathered and in clay status, and its micro-fine mineral dissemination particle size.Conventional high intensity magnetic separation, gravity separation and flotation process had little separation effect on this ore.Therefore, a process consisting of magnetic reductive roasting-low intensity magnetic separation for iron-reverse flotation of manganese from the tailings of iron flotation was adopted for treating this ore.As a result, an iron concentrate grading 55.50% at a recovery of 65.81% and a manganese concentrate grading 34.55% at a recovery of 78.47% were obtained, thus providing a new way for the separation of similar refractory manganese-iron ore.

Preparation of Reduction Iron Powder with Huangyandong Highly Pure Iron Concentrate

ZHANG Zhi-Xiong, ZHOU Bo, XU Jian-Ben

2008, 38(02):  57-60. 

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The preparation of reduction iron powder by conventional process of solid carbon primary reduction-hydrogen fine reduction was investigated with highly pure iron concentrate obtained in the beneficiation test on Huangyandong iron ore from Licheng, Shanxi as raw material.The results show that fine quality reduction iron powder with chemical composition (except acid non-soluble substance) and process performance that are near to those of NC100.24  iron powder, Sweden Hoganas's brand, and of FHY100.25 iron powder of national Class A grade can be prepared with anthracite produced near Licheng and slime produced in Licheng as reducer and desulfurizer, at a reducer dosage of 1.5 times that of concentrate amount, desulfurizer dosage of 14% that of reducer, a reduction temperature of 1 200 ℃ for 3.5 h, charging bucket's discharging temperature of 400 ℃ for primary reduction, H₂ reduction of primarily reduced iron powder at a temperature of 850 ℃ for 2.5 h.

Investigation on Potential Controlled Flotation Process for Pb-Zn Ore from Anhui Xinqiao Mine

LUO Xian-Ping, CHENG Li-Li, HU Min, WANG Dian-Zuo, SUN Ti-Chang

2008, 38(02):  61-65. 

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In order to make a full utilization of the ore resource of Anhui Tongling Xinqiao Mining Co.Ltd, ore properties and separation process were investigated for the Pb-Zn ore from Xinqiao area.In view that metal sulfide minerals are dominant in this ore and its main metal minerals include pyrite, pyrrhotite, blende, marmatite and galena, potential-controlled in-turn preferential flotation process was adopted.Lime was used to control the pulp potential (pH value of pulp), DDTC (diethyl dithiocarbamate) and (ZnSO₄+YN) were used as collector for lead mineral and as strong depressant for zinc sulfide minerals in lead flotation respectively.In zinc flotation from the tailings of lead flotation, copper sulfate and butyl xanthate were used as the activator and collector for zinc mineral respectively.The process obtained lead, zinc and sulfur concentrates with good indexes and produced no tailing.

Experimental Study on Beneficiation of Chaishan Lead-Zinc Ore by Cyclonic-Static Microbubble Flotation Column

LIU Jiong-Tian, WANG Yong-Tian, LI Xiao-Bing, CAO Yi-Jun, GAO Xiang-Hai, LIU Jie

2008, 38(02):  66-69. 

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To further improve the utilization level of the existing resource of Shizhuyuan Chaishao Lead-Zinc Mine, pilot test was made on its lead-zinc ore by adopting a process consisting of one-stage closed-circuit grinding (a grind of 77% -0.074mm), preferential flotation of lead by one roughing and one cleaning and then zinc flotation of also one roughing and one cleaning, with pilot cyclonic-static microbubble flotation columns.As a result, a lead concentrate grading 62.79% at  lead recovery of 89.81% and a zinc concentrate grading 52.24% at a zince recovery of 90.46% were obtained.In this way, not only the original process consisting two roughings-three cleanings-two scavengings for lead preferential flotation and one roughing-three cleanings-three scavengings for zinc flotation was simpliefied but the lead concentrate grade and recovery were improved by 12.58 and 0.88 percentage points respectively, and the zince concentrate grade and recovery by 1.98 and 8.95percentage points respectively.

Study on Leaching Process of Aluminosilicates by Silicate Bacteria

SUN De-Si, ZHONG Chan-Juan, ZHANG Qiang

2008, 38(02):  70-73. 

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Shake flask test and process test were made on desilication by bacteria leaching using five types of silicate bacteria and five ore samples containing different kinds of silicate minerals (including run-of-mine bauxite ore and artificially mixed ore).The shake flask test results indicate that the five types of bacteria can all well leach out the silicon in the samples with JXF-1 bacterium having the best desilication effect; and the bacteria existence environment and the crystal lattice structure can affect the silicon leaching effect.The process test results show that the continuous leaching process has an evidently better silicon leaching efficiency than that of shake flask and semi-continuous process, and can shorten the leaching time by four days.Using JXF-F as leaching bacterium, Ashby medium mineral salt substrate containing 2% sucrose as bacterial medium solution and leaching solution, the continuous leaching process can obtain concentrates with the silica-aluminum ratio being 12.53 and 17.74 respectively from the run-of-mine ore and artificially mixed ore containing chlorite, with the silicon leaching rate being 70.1% and 83.6% respectively.

Stabilization Mechanism of Hemihydrate Calcium Sulfate Whiskers by Sodium Oleate

WANG Yu-Bin, HAN Yue-Xin, YUAN Zhi-Tao, YIN Wan-Zhong

2008, 38(02):  74-77+82. 

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Testing methods including SEM, FT-IR and XRD were adopted to analyze the surface topography, surface groups and phase composition of the hemihydrate calcium sulfate whiskers before and after the stabilization treatment.On this basis, the stabilization mechanism of hemihydrate calcium sulfate whisker by sodium oleate was studied.The results indicate that the adsorption state of sodium oleate on the surface of hemihydrate calcium sulfate whiskers varies with its dosage.The radical causes for sodium oleate to stabilize hemihydrate calcium sulfate whiskers are its closure of the calcium ions at whisker surface active sites, its prohibition of the dissolution of whisker surface ions and its change of the whisker surface property.

Study on Surface Modification of Bentonite by Aluminate Ester

MO Wei, MA Shao-Jian, HAN Yue-Xin, SU Xiu-Juan, NONG Wei-Wei

2008, 38(02):  78-82. 

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To improve the compatibility between inorganic bentonite and organic plastic and intensify their compounding effect, the coupling modification of bentonite by aluminate ester was researched.With the settling volume and system viscosity as assessment indexes, the effect of one-time material dosage, modification temperature, modifier dosage and modification time on the bentonite modification were investigated, and the modification mechanism of bentonite by aluminate ester was discussed by infrared spectrum analysis.The results show that aluminate coupling agent has evident modification effect on bentonite and the better modification conditions include temperature of 110 ℃, modifier dosage of 3.0% and modification time of 30 min.Chemisorption and physisorption coexist in the modification process of bentonite by aluminate coupling agent.

A Single Epoch Algorithm for Deformation Monitoring Using Single Frequency GPS Receivers

WANG Zhen-Jie, ZHAO Bin-Chen, HUANG Ru-Jie

2008, 38(02):  83-86. 

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Based on Tikhonov regularization, a new single epoch algorithm suitable for deformation monitoring using single frequency GPS receivers is proposed.Firstly, the characteristic of the normal matrix for double difference carrier phase measurements is analyzed.Then, Tikhonov regularizer is used to transform the normal matrix from rank-deficient to the full rank to obtain float ambiguity solutions and their mean squared error matrix (MSEM), which is then used to accurately fix the ambiguities in combination with LAMBDA method so as to find the single epoch solution of the baseline.Finally, the effective and practicability of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by a case of an over 3 km long baseline.

Research on Application of SYT Natural Electromagnetic Wave Method in Exploration of Metallic Orebody

YANG Wu-Yang, WANG Wen-Xiang, QU Jian-Gang, WANG Ming-Shan, YU Bin

2008, 38(02):  87-89+101. 

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SYT method using natural electromagnetic wave method in geophysical exploration has been used for many years in fields of coal, petroleum, water conservation and engineering.The paper discusses the possibility to use SYT method to make a direct exploration of underground metallic mineralized belt or orebody from and at different angles to the ground surface to such degree as to immediately know their depth and thickness as if by drilling a hole.Two such exploration cases and the verification results of the accuracy of this SYT geophysical exploration method are presented.

Study on Application of Data Mining Technology in Mine Prospecting

MA Li-Qiang, WEN Guo-Feng

2008, 38(02):  90-92+106. 

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Mining enterprises can accumulate a large amount of data in their many years' production and operation, which can be of great reference significance to the enterprises' policy decision.However, the hidden value of the internal information of these data is not exploited if deep mining and on-line analysis of them are not made.Data mining technology is just a power tool for solving such problem.It was introduced into mine prospecting to sort out the data and build data mining system framework model.Its introduction will be sure to play a role in supporting practical policy decision.

On Relation between Fracture Structure and Laneway Stability

WANG Hai-Long, GUO You-Xue, QIN Zhi-Hui

2008, 38(02):  93-96. 

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Research was made on the effect of fracture structure on laneway stability.Based on the site detailed sketch map plotting of the fracture structure, the laneway destruction forms were classified and summarized.Mechanical analysis was made on the laneway existence time and the fracture structure where the surrounding ore-rock lies to find out the relation between the fracture structure and laneway stability.As a result, the destruction effect of the fracture structure on laneway can be scientifically predicted and forecasted so that rational driving method and necessary support form can be adopted for ensuring a safe production and full recovery of mineral resource.

High Resolution Image Fusion Based on Stationary Wavelet Transform

LIU Wen-Long, WANG Jian, ZHAO Xiao-Ping

2008, 38(02):  97-101. 

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Improvement of high resolution image fusion by Mallat algorithm for orthogonal wavelet transform and stationary wavelet transform（SWT）was studied.With QUIKBIRD image as example, fusion test was made and compared with standard HIS and BROVEY methods.Comparison was made on the information volumes of the images before and after the fusion by using the indexes of information entropy and standard variation.Average value, correlation coefficient and standard bias index were used in the quantitative evaluation.Analysis was made on panchromatic band and multi-spectral band by using the correlation of detailed information with high resolution of fusion.The results indicate that wavelet transform fusion algorithm is on the whole better than the conventional ones and can well keep the spectral characteristics.

Framework of VR Mine Safety Training System and Key Technique Research

ZHANG Shun-Tang

2008, 38(02):  102-105. 

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Virtual reality technology was used to construct a virtual environment of underground production, which was used as the background for the modularized overall planning of mine safety training system.The system framework of virtual reality (VR) technique-generated excavation safety training was designed.The key techniques applied in the system development for generating real-time 3D virtual scenes and interior objects in the virtual scene, stereoscopic display and sensing are described.Scene modeling was made by graph-picture mixing method and using mine real data.Based on this, two safety training methods “virtual disaster environment” and “question and answer board” were designed according to the characteristics of mine safety training.The application of virtual reality technology in mine safety training has therefore stepped on a new stage.

Laminating Crushing and Central Discharge Column Mill

YANG Lian-Guo, PAN Jing, HU Yong-Bo

2008, 38(02):  107-108+154. 

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Central discharge column mill is a patent product adopting laminating crushing theory.The paper describes the principles of laminating crushing, the basic structure and working mode of the central discharge column mill and its advantages of high efficiency, fine crushing performance, small energy consumption and simple maintenance.

Design and Implementation of Mineral Resource Information System Based on MVC

HE Zhong-Yuan, ZHOU Ting-Gang, TANG Xiao, LONG Jun

2008, 38(02):  109-111. 

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With the development of society and sci-technology, informationization of mineral resource has become an inevitable trend.GIS development has provided the technical support for building mineral resource information system.MVC (Model View Controller) is an advanced WEB service design model.The system has adopted Struts framework in MVC model and is characterized by good structure, strong repeated utilization property and easy maintenance, hereby facilitating the management, maintenance and release of mineral resource data.

Design and Realization of Query Information System Based on ArcGIS Engine

LAN Xiao-Ji, WANG Fei, PENG Tao

2008, 38(02):  112-114. 

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ArcGIS Engine is a typical representative of secondary development of embedded GIS.A query information system is established by using the development technology of embedded GIS and various kinds of spatial information.This paper focuses on the system development procedure and functions, and discusses, with the design of Ganzhou ground object inquiry information system as the case, the system function design and realization.

Computer Simulation of Mine Fire of Ventilation Network

ZHOU Fu-Bao, WANG De-Ming

2008, 38(02):  115-117+151. 

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Simulation software for mine fire of ventilation network was used in the whole network computer simulation of fire in underground horizontal laneway and in inclined laneway respectively.The simulation results included the time and temperature of smoke and hot gas invading laneways, withdrawing routes of mine workers, critical airflow velocities for backflow occurrence, distance of the backflow if any and key points of rescue work.The simulation results indicated that this software has the advantages of reliable calculation results, friendly interface and practical functions and therefore, can be used as an important means for performance-based design of mine fire safety engineering.

Research on Disused Tailing Land in Liaoning Mine Area and Assessment of Its Soil Pollution by Heavy Metal

SHI Ping, WANG En-De, WEI Zhong-Yi, YANG Chao-Qiang

2008, 38(02):  118-121+135. 

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The conditions of Liaoning metallic mine areas and the heavy metal soil pollution of their surrounding areas, especially the soil pollution of tailing reservoirs and their surrounding areas, are matters worth of attention and research.The soil samples of tailing reservoirs and their surrounding areas in Liaoning typical mining areas were taken, whose Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd elements were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry, Hg and As by automatic fluorescence spectrophotometry and Cr by diphenlycarbazide spectrophotometry.Heavy metal pollution assessment was made by fuzzy comprehensive assessment method.The results indicate that heavy metal pollution of soil in Liaoning metallic areas is characterized by a composite pollution composing of  two main heavy metals of Zn and Pb , and three associated heavy metals of Cd, As and Cu.

Design of Wireless Sensor Network System for Coal Mine Gas Monitoring

DENG Ming, ZHANG Guo-Shu, CHEN Yun

2008, 38(02):  122-124. 

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Wireless sensor networks (WSN) is a rising network technology, which integrates technologies of wireless communication, micro-sensor and network.It will impose a revolutionary impact on fields such as environmental monitoring, home automation, and logistics.The paper describes the features of WSN, analyzes the advantages of MSN technology for coal mine gas monitoring, discusses MSN hardware design principles, proposes MSN system for monitoring mine coal gas, and highlights the sensor nodes structure.Compared with conventional monitoring system, this system is characterizes by structural flexibility, great extensibility and accurate measurement.

Research on Removing Carbon Tetrachloride from Groundwater Using Modified Bentonite

LU Jie, PAN Jia-Fen, LI Meng-Hong

2008, 38(02):  125-127. 

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To improve the technology for treating chlorinated hydrocarbons in ground water, adsorption of carbon tetrachloride in simulated water sample by modified bentonite was investigated.The test results indicate that when natural calcium base bentonite is modified by HDTMA- Br, its particle space will obviously increase and its particle surface will turn from originally hydrophilic to hydrophobic, enabling it to effectively adsorb and remove carbon tetrachloride from water.Its optimal adsorption conditions include bentonite dosage of 5 g/L, adsorption time of 2 h, and adsorption temperature of 30 ℃.Under these conditions, CCl₄ removal rate reached 70%～80% when modified bentonite was used in treating a real underground water polluted by 1.60 mg/L CCl₄.

Economics Analysis of Disaster Prevention and Comprehensive Control for Gangue Hills in Spontaneous Combustion

SUN Yue-Yue, WANG Yun-Jia, GU Qiang

2008, 38(02):  128-131. 

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Economics analysis is made of disaster prevention and comprehensive control of gangue hills in spontaneous combustion in coal mines in accordance with safety theory of decrease benefit and increment benefit.Taking a coal group as example, practical calculation is carried out for the decrease benefit and increment benefit that may produce through comprehensive treatment of its gangue hills in spontaneous combustion.The results show an evident possible economic benefit from their disaster prevention and comprehensive control.

Rational Utilization of Resources Discarded in Mine Ventilation System

WANG Bo, CHEN Bao-Zhi, CHEN Xi-Shan, ZHANG Yong-Liang

2008, 38(02):  132-135. 

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Based on the long-time scientific research practice in mine ventilation, the authors discuss and summarize the experiences in the utilization of discarded natural resources and artificial resources in underground metal mines.The so-called discarded resources refer to the discarded artificial resources and natural resources that have not been utilized; the so-called discarded artificial resources refer to the engineering works artificially made and discarded after being utilized such as old shafts, lanes and mined-out area; and the waste natural resources here refer to the inherent natural wind pressure, geothermal effect, etc.The paper mainly presents the experiences in how to utilize the natural wind pressure as auxiliary to the main fan; how to utilize the discarded old shafts and lanes and mined-out areas for reducing the resistance in ventilation; and how to make use of the ground temperature to pre-heat or pre-cool the inlet air so as to realize the prevention of frozen air-inlet shaft in winter and the temperature drop at underground working faces in summer, which can be of important significance to a full rational utilization of the existing resource for energy saving in mine ventilation.

Influence of Solidified Tailing Concentration on Initial Fluidity and Strength

WANG Shun-Cai, ZHANG Chun-Lei, ZHU Wei, WANG Fang-Han, CAO Wei-Qin

2008, 38(02):  136-138+145. 

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In order to better utilize tailings to fill underground mined-out area, with the tailing of Nanjing Lead-zinc-silver Mine as material, the influence of tailing concentration on the initial fluidity and strength of solidified tailing was studied.The results show that the initial fluidity of solidified tailing decreases with the increase of tailing concentration in quadratic parabola relationship, and the strength increases linearly with the increase of tailing concentration.Under the prerequisite of satisfying the pumping capacity of tailing, the possible highest tailing concentration can effectively reduce the cement consumption so as to decrease the solidifying cost.

Preparation of Iron Oxide Red from Pyrite Cinders by Hydrothermal Method

ZHENG Ya-Jie, LIU Zhao-Cheng

2008, 38(02):  139-145. 

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Iron oxide red can be prepared by hydrothermal method from the precursor of Fe(OH)₃ and Fe(OH)₂ colloid that is obtained by adding ammonia to acidic leaching solution produced by the reaction of pyrite cinders with sulfuric acid.With a Guangdong pyrite cinder as raw material, research laid stress on the best process conditions after acid leaching for preparing iron oxide red preparation by acid leaching-hydrothermal method.The results show that at the conditions of a total iron concentration in acidic leaching solution of 2.0 mol/L, hydrothermal reaction temperature of 200 ℃ and time of 0.5 h, and acidic leaching solution's pH=8 and n(Fe²⁺)/n(Fe³⁺)=0.11, an iron oxide red that satisfies the quality indexes for state standard for Class A product can be obtained, with main phases being Fe₂O₃ and FeO(OH) and particles being uniformly pseudocubic.Meanwhile, ammonium sulfate of industrial first grade can also be gained from the filtrate of hydrothermal reaction product.

Preparation of Ultra-Fine Coal Fly Ash by Low-Grade Superheated Steam of Power Plant

YU Bo, CHEN Hai-Yan, SHU Lang, ZHANG Ming-Xing, YANG Di

2008, 38(02):  146-148+151. 

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Ultra-fine coal fly ash was prepared using the low-grade dry coal fly ash discharged from Sichuan Jianyou Bashu Power Plant as the raw material, self-developed steam flow pulverization system, low-grade superheated steam of thermal power plant and optimized system parameters determined in the early experiment.The product performance test was also made.The results show that the superheated steam pulverization process can realize the ultra-fine pulverization of low grade coal fly ash at low cost and large scale, effectively protect the glass micro-bead structure of coal fly ash and intensify the lattice distortion and amorphization of material.The prepared ultra-fine powder has good particle size distribution and morphology and its activity index is improved to above 125, meeting the technical requirement for Class A coal fly ash for preparing concrete and mortar.