Loading...
Welcome to Metal Mine! Today is Share:

Table of Content

    15 February 2014, Volume 43 Issue 02
    Previous Issue    Next Issue
    A Case of Complex Goaf Detection during Transition from Underground to Open-pit Mining
    TAN Zhuo-Ying, ZHONG Wen, HU Tian-Shou, FENG Xiao
    2014, 43(02):  1-5. 
    Asbtract ( 1306 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The existence of various complex goaf in the open-pit mining realm poses a grave threat to the safety of operation in the mining converted from underground to open-pit.The composition of these various complex goaf were studied and summarized through in-situ measurement and literature data in this paper，and introduces the principles and techniques from which the GPR (ground penetrating radar) was used to detect shallow complex goaf in the open-pit mining realm including data acquisition，processing and explanations.Utilizing GPR had obviously been effective for this specific project to detect shallow complex goaf in the mining converted from underground to open-pit.Thus the GPR can be equally useful and worthy to be applied and popularized in related fields.
    Mechanism of Mining-induced Surface Destruction in Metal Mines and its Control Technology
    GUO Jin-Ping, LIU Xiao-Fei, WANG Xiao-Lin, HU Xing-Bao
    2014, 43(02):  6-11. 
    Asbtract ( 1238 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Mining will make both overburden movement in continuous and non-continuous deformation of cracking and caving，which can cause great damage to the surface such as surface subsidence，collapse and etc.Forms，causes and hazard conditions of surface subsidence for metal mines are summarized，thinking that the main reasons of surface subsidence is underground mining goaf，digging tunnels and other underground works forming the underground chamber and empty areas.Meanwhile，mining geological structures such as faults，joints in the rocks provide a basis for the damage of rock mass，blasting vibration and groundwater pressure strengthen and develop the deformation and destruction of rock mass.Some domestic mining enterprise′s methods and engineering practices of control and monitor to ground movement，subsidence，collapse are concluded.On this basis，processing in goaf，grouting，governancing collapse area and other comprehensive measures to reduce surface damages are bring forward from the system processing，and point out that surface subsidence damage is the result of complex factors coupling effect，required from engineering analogy，monitoring analysis，numerical calculation，and other aspects of prediction and prevention .
    Reasonable Mining Technology of Football Residual Ores in Pillarless Sublevel Caving of Gently Inclined Medium Thickness Ore-body
    SUN Wen-Yong, CHEN Xing-Ming, WANG Wei, ZHANG Zhi-Gui
    2014, 43(02):  12-16. 
    Asbtract ( 1190 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The proportion of footwall residual ores and the particularity of ore recovery in footwall residual ores for the ore recovery results′s influence were analyzed detailedly.The analysis results show that：the proportion of footwall residual ores mainly affected by the orebody occurrence conditions and the structural parameters of the mining method；the thickness of orebody more smaller，the dip of orebody more slowly，the structural parameters of the mining method more larger，the proportion of footwall residual ores would more lager，and the recovery results of the footwall residual ores would more worse caused by the ore and rock mining mixed； the key to guarantee the footwall residual ores full recovery and have a good ore recovery results was improved the ming technology in the footwall fo orebody.In addition， this paper according to the problem that the footwall residual ores didn′t recover fully and the ore recovery results too poor in traditional footwall cutting stopping technology put forward a new method that use the footwall cutting stopping technology combined with the assistant mining entrance stoping technology in the footwall column of head piece-wise′s two mining entrance to mining the footwall residual ores and increased the independent advance of ore breaking and the lateral opening angle to reduce the ore lose and dilution measures，would be an meaningful example of the relevant mine.
    Research on the Stope Span Optimization of Jiaojia Gold Mine with Fractured Rock Mass
    LIU Dong, JIN Chang-Yu, XIA Zi-Feng, DONG Long-Bin, ZHAO Pan-Pan
    2014, 43(02):  18-21. 
    Asbtract ( 1443 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    With the increasing of the mining depth in Jiaojia Gold Mine，the joints and fractures of the rock mass are more developed，and mostly comprise unstable broken rocks；thus，in order to assure the production safety in the mine，determining the most reasonable stope span parameter is imminent.In this paper，by means of 3GSM， borehole camera and sonic wave testing，then statistically analyzed the properties and characteristics of the rock mass discontinuity;utilizing discrete element numerical calculation method to determine the optimal span for Jiao Jia gold mine′s upward level approach filling method which is according with the practical situation.At the same time，the research method of this paper also has reference significance for other similar mines.
    Study on Spacer Pillar Stoping and Goaf Stability Numerical Simulation of Fozi Mine
    MA Xiong-Zhong, WANG Wen-Jie, MA Sheng-Hui
    2014, 43(02):  22-25. 
    Asbtract ( 1176 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Fozi Mine used short-hole shrinkage method to mine，a lot of parital spacer pillars were left in the upper part of the ore-body.Fozi Mine intends to recycle the parital spacer pillar of 138 m level middle section of 104 ore body.Combined with the actual situation，this paper simulates of current mining situation，recycling the second spacer pillar and recycling half of every spacer pillar by finite difference software FLAC3D.The simulate of current mining situation shows that the spacer pillar，roof and floor stress are less than the ore rock mass strength value，it means that 138 m level middle section is stable and the parital spacer pillar can be recycled.The simulates of recycling the second spacer pillar and recycling half of every spacer pillar shows that the stress value of area have a certain growth after recycling the spacer pillar，but the the maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress increment of recycling half of every spacer pillar is less than recycling the second spacer pillar，it means that recycling half of every spacer pillar is better.The stress value of 138 m level middle section is close to the ore rock mass strength value after recycling half of every spacer pillar，we should reinforce for residual pillar.
    Numerical Simulation Research of Failure Mechanism and Grouting Effects of Full Seam Gateway in Extremely Thick Coal Seams
    QIAO Wei-Guo, CHENG Shao-Bei, LIN Deng-Ge, LI Hui, ZHU Jun
    2014, 43(02):  26-29. 
    Asbtract ( 1352 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    For extremely thick coal seam of dozens of meters，even hundreds of meters，roadways are all located in coal seam.Due to its looseness and brokenness，and without stable anchoring base in deep coal seam，the anchoring force was greatly reduced.Regarding to the complex geological conditions of East Junggar full seam gateway in Xinjiang， a numerical simulation was conducted by using the finite difference software FLAC3D and in combination with the rock mechanical tests at laboratory，to simulate the grouting effects.The results indicated that grouting in loose and broken coal seam has a good reinforcement effect on coal seam，and improves the mechanical parameters of surrounding coal seam to promote anchoring performance and prevent further development of plastic zone and control the deformation of the surrounding rock.The range of grouting diffusion in coal and rock fracture is defined as the equivalent grouting layer and six different grouting diffusion radius of 1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,4.0 m are simulated respectively.By comparison，2.5 m is determined as the optimum grouting depth.This research is of great significance in guiding safe，economical and reasonable supporting of full seam gateway in extremely thick coal seam.
    Elastoplastic Constitutive Model Experiment of Full Tailings-cemented Filling Body
    WU Shan, SONG Wei-Dong, ZHANG Xing-Cai, ZHOU Jia-Xiang
    2014, 43(02):  30-35. 
    Asbtract ( 1558 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Uniaxial compression strength of full tailings-cemented filling body based on four gray sand ratio and five concentration of slurry were tested so as to obtain its physical and mechanical properties under uniaxial compression.Then,triaxial compression experiments under four different confining pressure were tested based on gray sand ratio of 1∶6,1∶8 and concentration of slurry of 65%,70% to obtain stress-strain curve and physical and mechanical parameters of filling body.According to the experimental results,the constitutive model of linear elastic-elastic-plastic-plastic softening-ideal plastic was established,which divided the stage of post-peak strain softening of filling body into two cases：When the confining pressure is less,strain softening and brittle stress drop is showed obviously；When the confining pressure is higher,the stress- strain curve shows that strain softening is not obvious,which directly comes into the plastic flow after the peak,and the difference between residual strength and peak intensity decreases.This result provides a basis for strength design of filling body.
    Fluid-solid Coupling Numerical Simulation and Risk Analysis of Underwater Mining of Gangli Iron Mine
    MA Hai-Tao, LI Ying-Jia, WANG Yun-Hai
    2014, 43(02):  36-39. 
    Asbtract ( 1458 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The exploration of No.1 Ore-body in Gangli Iron Mine may result in collapse and water inrush hazards,because of the Gangli River passing by above the surface ground.In order to evaluate the safety of underwater exploration,the geological situation,water bursting passage,rock characteristic and the river bed security were analyzed,meanwhile 3D fluid-solid coupling model of ore-body mining and support is established based on the basic control equation of 3D flow.Through analyzing the stress,strain and flow vector,the risks for collapse and water inrush during underwater mining are evaluated,which has a guiding significance for design and safe exploration of Gangli underwater iron deposit.
    Study on the High-density Gravity-flow Backfilling Technology of Deep-well Long-distance with Large Time Line
    LIU Feng-Tao, DING Jian-Feng, CHEN Guo-Ping, LI Shu-Lei, WANG Jing-Sheng, ZHOU Bo
    2014, 43(02):  40-44. 
    Asbtract ( 1366 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Xincheng Gold Mine employ the shaft and auxiliary ramp development mode，and mechanized panel upward backfill mining.At present，the scale of production reaches 6 000 t/d.Many problems exit in the deep-well backfill mining of Xincheng Gold Mine ，including long backfilling pipeline，partial filling times line up to 12.5，many pipeline quarter turns，serious pipe wear out，difficult guardianship，pipe blockage and mortar leakage in the backfilling process.Through the study of the relationship of filling times line，backfilling density and backfilling flux of Xincheng Gold Mine，we optimize the backfilling line；backfilling pipeline performance was studied comparatively and the backfilling pipe was choosed reasonably to reduce the pipeline impedance；through experimental research，Minefill309 was added in storehouse，and a new chemical reagent Minefill501 was added in vice bucket to improve mortar flow characteristics，which could prevent slurry segregation，reduce pipeline abrasion， increase service life of pipeline more than doubled，and achieve considerable economic benefit.The filling concentration is stable between 75%～78%.The technology fills in the blank of theory and practice of the high-density gravity-flow backfilling，which can provide promotion and guidance for the industries at home and abroad.
    Micro-fine Cement Applying to Control Coal Wall Spalling in Island Coal Face
    HUANG Hui, HAO Bing-Yuan, WEI Hong
    2014, 43(02):  45-48. 
    Asbtract ( 1129 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The ground pressure performed significantly as its conditions in island coal face， the phenomenon of coal wall spalling often be encountered in mining，and threats to use the roadway and face safety production，in order to solve this problems，this paper used micro-fine cement to control the coal wall spalling.Studied the relationship between fine cement viscosity and coagulation of the mixed slurry，and obtained the flow ability and coagulation is enhanced with the increase of water- cement ratio；Added some soundless cracking agent into grouting material，and the expansion of grouting material turned the original 1.09 into 1.18；From laboratory compression tests of K8113 coal，we know the compressive strength of coal is 2.234 MPa；The lump of coal samples with fine cement composition according to mass ratio of 7∶3，after 72 h its compressive strength increases to 7.864 MPa.According to the practical application of the K8113，the results showed that： micro-fine cement to control the coal wall spalling in island face is feasible.
    Numerical Simulation of Failure Rules of Roof and Surface Rock Movement of Hanging Wall Ore under the Caving Method
    DING Yan-Wei, WANG Ning, LU Ping, LI Ai-Bing, TANG Yun
    2014, 43(02):  49-54. 
    Asbtract ( 1154 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    For the caving method，the caving process of roof and surrounding rock，and the determination of displacement angle of stratum under caving mining，are always the focuses in the study of many scholars at home and abroad.Taking a hanging wall ore in Sichuan as engineering background，the variation of tension stress and plastic zone of roof under caving mining were simulated and analyzed by using software of MIDAS/GTS.The results showed that：the old main roof experienced tensile failure before the direct roof.Stress state of roof was improved significantly after the area of tensile failure of roof was caved forcedly；The area of tension stress of main roof and immediate roof，and of the tension failure of main roof extended significantly with the exposed area of immediate roof.But，the tension failure area of immediate roof wasn′t influenced evidently by it.Moreover，the displacement angle of stratum was determined by numerical simulation and engineering analogy method.
    Application of Combined Support Technology in Large Span Open-off Cut under Artificial Regenerated Roof
    YE Ding-Yang, LIU Chang-Wu, LIU Yang, HE Tao
    2014, 43(02):  55-58. 
    Asbtract ( 1259 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In large span open-off cut under artificial regenerated roof，due to roadway complicated geological conditions，mine pressure appear serious.With the pressure and the section of roadway increasing，there is a difficulty that common anchor net and rope can′t overcome.According to the geological characteristics and ground pressure characteristics of roadway，a combined support of wooden shed and anchor is used in large section of artificial regenerated roof.Such support combined the passive and active support′s merits.It reduced the roof separation and falling， achieved the effective control to the large span open-off，prevented the cut deformation and rupture and maintained the stability of the cut.Also，it provided a reliable guarantee for the mining of coal under artificial regenerated roof.It is not easy to cyclically reuse steel beams and single hydraulic in backfill mining.But due to cheap prices，the use of wooden materials reduced supporting material loss and waste，which achieved remarkable economic benefits.The joint support of wooden shed and anchor can be used in backfill mining of large span tunnel for reference.
    Study on Evolution of Loosing Rock Zone of Tunnel Surface under Different Ground Stress Conditions
    PING Wen, ZHOU Chuan-Bo, XIA Zhi-Qiang, LIU Yang-Bo
    2014, 43(02):  59-63. 
    Asbtract ( 1182 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Based on Mohr-coulomb criterion，a theoretical computation model about loosing rock zone of tunnel surrounding rocks under different lateral pressure coefficients was set up.Combined with a practical project，the range of loosing rock zone of circular roadway surrounding rocks under different lateral pressure coefficients is solved and analyzed.And the range of loosing rock zone during excavation is calculated by adopting the numerical simulation method，and the result are compared with that of the theoretical computation.The results showed that First，the loosing rock zone of tunnel surface is circle while lateral pressure coefficient λ=1 and the radius of the loosing zone increase with ground stress increasing.Second，the range of loosing rock will vary with different lateral pressure coefficients.The loosing range of roof and floor surrounding rocks increase with λ increasing.But，the loosing range in side walls will decrease with λ increasing while λ<1.0,and increase with λ increasing while λ>1.0.Last，the distribution law of loosing rock zone by theoretical calculating is basically identical to that by the numerical simulation.
    Experiment of Efficient Separation Technology on Deep Reduction Products of Refractory Hematite
    LI Yan-Jun, YUAN Shuai
    2014, 43(02):  64-68. 
    Asbtract ( 1189 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Separation process condition test on deep reduction clinker was conducted，in order to determine high effective separation process to deal with the deep reduction products from a fine refractory hematite.Through condition experiments by using basal process from exploratory tests.Optimal grinding fineness and magnetic separation process was obtained，stage grinding-stage separation process can used to deal with the deep reduction products from a fine refractory hematite.High quality deep reduction iron powder products with iron grade and recovery higher than 87% was achieved by dealing with reduction clinker of iron grade 57.09% at conditions of first stage grinding fineness of 11% passing 0.074 mm，second stage grinding fineness of 77%~93% passing 0.074 mm，magnetic field intensity for magnetic separation column concentration of 7.3 kA/m,water flow rate at 70 mL/s.The research provides theoretical and practice basis for industrial application of deep reduction-high efficiency separation.
    Isolation of Mineral Leaching Bacteria from Acid Mine Water and Study on Its Iron Removal Ability
    LU Hong-Sheng, LIU Yue-Yue, ZHAO Xiao-Shu, WANG Ya-Shu
    2014, 43(02):  69-72. 
    Asbtract ( 1389 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Bacterial leaching of ore has important significance in comprehensive utilization of minerals and ecological environmental protection.A leaching strain named SKDYJ-1 with the capabilities of acidophilic，oxidizing Fe2+ was isolated from acid mine water of Yanzhou Coal Mine.Through analysis on its 16S rDNA gene sequences，it is found that 98% of the strain 16S rDNA gene sequences are homologous with Pantoea agglomerans P1SAA (FJ611818)，called eosinophils pantoea agglomerans.Its morphology，growth characteristics and Fe2+ oxidation were investigated.The results indicated that strain SKDYJ-1 was Gram-negative in the rod.The optimum growth temperature for this strain was 30 ℃.Under the culture temperatures of 25 ℃，30 ℃ and 35 ℃，the maximum oxidation rates of the strain SKDYJ-1 on Fe2+ showed as 2.79% ，6.52% and 5.59% respectively with a high leaching capacity.
    Experimental Study on Beneficiation of Quartz-vein Type Molybdenum Ore in Fujian
    YAN Quan-Xiang, JIANG Feng-Ming
    2014, 43(02):  73-78. 
    Asbtract ( 1320 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    There are abundant molybdenum resources in Fujian with relatively low level of development and utilization. The chemical elements and composition of the minerals, and the occurrence of the main valuable minerals in the quartz vein type ore in Fujian has been analyzed. The suitable grinding fineness of flotation separation, suitable comparison of collector and frother of rough flotation,comparison of sodium sulfide and mercaptoacetic sodium acid as inhibitor of one concentrating has been confirmed through tests, and the closed circuit process of one roughing, two scavenging and six cleanings from exploratory tests were confirmed. The tests result showed that molybdenum concentrates with molybdenum grade 46.23% and recovery rate 86.20% has been obtained by the flotation from the crude molybdenum with Mo grade of 0.19%.
    Reduction Model for Gas Magnetization Roasting Process of Single Limonite Particles
    DAI Tao, LI Bao-Wei, WU Wen-Fei
    2014, 43(02):  79-82. 
    Asbtract ( 1218 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    One-dimensional unstable reduction model based on porous medium model was developed aiming at the complex problems in acquaintance of single ferric oxide particle during magnetization roasting of limonite.By numerical calculation，the conversion degree of limonite was studied at different temperature，various CO concentration and different initial porosity.The research results showed that random pore model can be applied to reduction model well，and transmission characteristics of gas within the porous media channels have some degree of impacts on reaction.It takes only about 18 s for particles of 100 μm in diameter to complete reduction course at 800 ℃.
    Process Mineralogy Research on a Copper-Lead-Zinc Polymetallic Sulphide Ore from Liaoning
    WANG Wei-Zhi, LI Xue-Jun, CHEN Li-Ping
    2014, 43(02):  83-86. 
    Asbtract ( 1326 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Process mineralogy research on a copper-lead-zinc polymetallic ore from Liaoning province was carried out.The emphasis was focusing on the structure，tectonics， mineral composition，occurrence state of copper，lead and zinc，and dissemination characteristics of main minerals.The results showed that sulphide ore has close and complex intergrowth with each other as well as with gangue minerals.There exist embedding relationship between lead and copper，zinc and copper，which may be harmful for separation of copper，lead and zinc.The process mineralogy results provide reference for selecting and determining the flotation process for the copper-lead-zinc polymetallic sulphide ore.
    Application Status and Development Prospect of Amine & Alcohol Combined Collector
    LIU Wen-Gang, LIU Wen-Bao, WEI De-Zhou, LIANG Guang-Quan, XIA Xi-Wen
    2014, 43(02):  87-90. 
    Asbtract ( 1142 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Based on overview of amine collectors，the combined utilization of amine and alcohols in flotation at home and abroad was summarized and recent research achievement about this field was discussed.Then，flotation performances and its combination mechanism were analyzed.The combination of fatty alcohols and amine significantly improved the flotation efficiency of amine collector，and has a desirable development prospect and research value.
    Remote Sensing Prospecting Prediction of the Peripheral in Zhaxikang Zn-polymetallic Deposit
    XU Yun-Feng, TANG Ju-Xing, ZHENG Wen-Bao, CHEN Ming, LIN Bin, WANG Zhong-Wu
    2014, 43(02):  91-95. 
    Asbtract ( 1213 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The ETM+ remote sensing images of the peripheral of Zhaxikang Zn-polymetallic deposit are processed by adopting the ratio method and the principal component analysis method based on the ENVI remote image processing software.Firstly，methods of band combination，radiometric and geometric correction are used to deal with the remote sensing images.Band of ETM+1,4,5,7 are selected to analyze the principal component and the TM+5/TM+7 replaced TM7 so as to extract the hydroxyl alteration information.In order to obtain the iron alteration information，band of ETM+1,3,4,5 are chosen to make the principal component analysis and the TM+5/TM+1 replaced TM+5.Then，the linear，ring and ribbon elements are visually interpreted from the remote sensing images.Finally，the hydroxyl alteration information，the iron alteration information，the interpretation of remote sensing geological feature and the existing geological data of mining area are analyzed comprehensively.Due to the feature that orebodies are controlled by a shear structure，it is inferred that Sn oerbody maybe exist in the deep by comparative analysis of Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic deposit in Hunan.Therefore，five perspective ore prospecting areas are delineated for the sake of providing some scientific basis for the future prospecting in the peripheral Zhaxikang Zn-polymetallic deposit.
    Practice and Enlightenment of the U.S.Geological Survey from the Perspective of Sustainable Development
    YAO Zhen, LI Hong, YANG Bei-Bei
    2014, 43(02):  96-99. 
    Asbtract ( 1206 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    According to the reform experience of the organization，personnel，funds，security and equipment management of U.S.Geological Survey during the past ten years，it can concluded from the perspective of sustainable development that organization is an important carrier for sustainable development of geological survey；personnel is the lifeblood of the sustainable development of geological survey；funds is the foundation of sustainable development of geological survey；and device is the support for sustainable development of geological survey.Therefore，the enlightenment and suggestion for the sustainable development of geological survey of China includes that the organization should be adjusted to conform to the current situation，the soft environment of personnel can be strengthened effectively，and the budget of geological survey should be stabilized to optimize the key field.Besides that，strengthening the management and establishing extensive cooperation are also good choices.
    New Important Achievement of Chinese Mineral Exploration and Suggestion on the Coming Prospecting Evaluation Arrangement
    SHAN Liang, ZHANG Wan-Yi, LU Chun-Yu, YAO Xiao-Feng, XU Rong
    2014, 43(02):  100-104. 
    Asbtract ( 1478 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The situation of mineral exploration work is studied throughout the countrying in 2012.The investment situation of the mineral exploration is introduced and the achievement information of newly discovered ore-field，periodically explored ore-field，resources achieved lately and geologic features of several typical deposits are summarized through investigating the situation of mineral exploration in 2012 in China.According to the research results，the capital of the total investment is 41.41 billion yuan，accounting for 81.2%of the total geological exploration investment.The investment consists of the central government funds，local government funds and social capital of 35.79 billion yuan for 8.6%，96.92 billion yuan for 23.4%，and 281.39 billion yuan for 68% respectively.There are 405 newly-founded ore-fields and 1 099 ore-field that completed the exploration.Besides，great exploration progresses of Xiarihamu nickel deposit in Qinghai province，Yuhai porphyry copper deposit in Xinjiang province，Dahutang tungsten deposit and Zhuxi copper deposit in Jiangxi province，Guobaoshan rubidium deposit in Gansu province are obtained.There are also a large amount (333 and above)of main additional minerals resources such as Coal，Iron，Manganese，Copper，Bauxite，Lead and Zinc，Nickel，Tungsten，Molybdenum，Antimony，Gold and so on.Especially，the first stage of prospecting breakthrough in stragetic operations tasks of Nickel，Bauxite，Iron，Coal，Molybdenum，Tungsten and Gold and other minerals are completed.But，tasks of Manganese and Tin are not fulfilled in deadline.The suggestions for future work to the poor further prospecting effects of Manganese，Tin and the fruitful prospecting effects of Molybdenum，Bauxite are given respectively based on the current situation.Especially，as the first stage of prospecting breakthrough in stragetic operations，Nickel，Bauxite，Iron，Coal，Molybdenum，Tungsten and Gold and other minerals are overfulfilled.But，Manganese and Tin are not fulfilled on schedule.The suggestions for future work on the poor prospecting Manganese，Tin and the fruitful prospecting Molybdenum，Bauxite are given respectively based on the current situation.
    Characteristics and Significance of Major Elements in the Leikoupo Formation，West Sichuan Depression
    LI Zheng, XU Zheng-Qi, ZHANG Cheng-Jiang
    2014, 43(02):  105-107. 
    Asbtract ( 1332 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The major elements of detrital rock sample，which collected from Leikoupo formation in No.1 Fenglu well of the west Sichuan depression are analyzed so as to do some research on the content of K and the ratio characteristics of the w(FeO)/w(Fe2O3) andw(MnO)/w(FeO+ Fe2O3).It is concluded that the content change of the K of Leikoupo formation is positive proportional to the depth，and the content of K is so low that it cannot reach the symbolic line of potassium deposit.As a whole，the ratio value of w(FeO)/w(Fe2O3) is less than 1，which indicated that the deposition is under oxidation environment with dry and hot climate conditions.The infinitesimal ratio value of w(MnO)/w(FeO+Fe2O3) (less than 1) not only reflects the oxidizing sediment environment and dry and hot climate but also the shallow water environment.Leikoupo formation in west Sichuan depression has a good potassium deposits condition under the instructions of the dry and hot weather condition and secondary tectonic condition of shallow water.The discrimination diagram of w(FeO)-w(Fe2O3)-w(MnO) is built based on the research results above.The diagram is divided into three parts，damp cold deep water area，dry hot shallow water area and wet cold shallow water area.According to the research results，the Leikoupo formation belongs to the dry hot shallow water area.
    Characteristics of Trace Elements of Intermediate-acid Intrusive Bodies and its Genetic in Lamasu Copper Deposit
    MAO Zheng-Li
    2014, 43(02):  108-111. 
    Asbtract ( 1365 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    According to the test results of the trace elements content of the fresh samples from intermediate-acid intrusive bodies in Lamasu copper deposit，the average content of Ni is close to the value of Vickers，but the value of Ti，Cr，V is inferior to the value of Vickers.The content of high field strength elements is between 611.25×10-6 and 1 210.11×10-6 with the average value of 1 031.211×10-6.The content of large ion lithophile elements is between 1 041.05×10-6 and 2 708.61×10-6 with the average value of 1 845.15×10-6.The content of the elements such as Rb，Ba，K，La，Sm，Th is higher than others，however，the content of the Ta，Nb，Ti is lower.Besides，the content of Th is much higher than Ta.All samples points are located at the area of volcanic arc granite in the tectonic discrimination diagram of non-active elements of porphyry.It is illustrated that，the granitoid in this area is I-type granite of orogenic belt，and belongs to the normal calcium alkaline continental margin arc granitoid.And it is the rock that is generated in subduction zone and comes from the Earth′s crust.The granitoid in this area may be blended by the oceanic crust material and fluid during its forming process and also mixed with surrounding rock as well.
    Discussion on Superiority of Compound Directional Drilling Technology in Underground Coal Mine
    XU Chao
    2014, 43(02):  112-116. 
    Asbtract ( 1340 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    At present，sliding directional drilling technology of underground coal mine is already a mature drilling technology.With the continuous expansion of the technology applications，the problems of low drilling efficiency，poor drilling safety and not conducive to realize deep hole drilling are gradually exposed.The characteristics of sliding directional drilling technology and compound directional drilling technology (i.e：directional drilling method that combines sliding directional drilling technology with compound directional drilling technology) are introduced in this paper.The advantages of compound directional drilling technology are analyzed from the three aspects of safety，efficiency and deep hole drilling.Practice has proved that compound directional drilling technology can effectively improve drilling efficiency，prevent accidents and achieve deep hole drilling，and can be tested and promoted as a safe，effective new technology for deep hole directional drilling.Finally，for the lack of the view that the improvement of compound directional drilling rate is only due to the improvement of bit absolute speed，comprehensive research of the relationship between rotational speed，torque，crushed rock power and drilling efficiency should be conducted.
    Theoretical Analysis and Pressure Setting of Hoister Braking System in Auxiliary Shaft of Liutangfang Iron Mine
    SONG De-Xuan, MAO Chun-Lei
    2014, 43(02):  117-121. 
    Asbtract ( 1546 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The brake system is one of the important modules of hoist equipment，its performance quality directly determines such key links as the normal shutdown of the hoisting system，working brake，safety brake etc..The hydraulic disc brake system consists of the disc brake device and drive hydraulic station，and it is the highly integrated products of machinery，electron and fluid.Based on the analysis of mechanism of disc brake device，the high-pressure hydraulic station control loops used in auxiliary shaft of Liutangfang Iron Mine is investigated，and the braking working principle of different working mode respectively in different working of brake block loose brake and working brake，secondary braking and constant deceleration braking are demonstrated.Then，the brake pressure is taken as a link to establish the relationship between the braking torque and the oil pressure loop.The hydraulic system setting method of normal operating pressure Pmax,secondary braking pressure of the first stage P1s and the delay time t1s are summarized，which meet the requirements of the safety rules on braking deceleration，and avoid potential danger that arise from the brake system setting pressure value only determined by the experience in the process of actual use.
    Development of SSS-Ⅱ Horizontal Magnetic Field High Gradient Magnetic Separator and its Application in Panzhihua Midi Titanium Plant
    WANG Feng-Yu, TAN Shi-Guo, ZHAO Ming, DENG Qing-Hua
    2014, 43(02):  122-126. 
    Asbtract ( 1166 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Clogging magnetic medium exists in perpendicular magnetic field high gradient magnetic separator, and that the lower magnetic pole of perpendicular magnetic unit always soaked in slurry, thus easily resulting in corrosion of magnetic pole. Meanwhile, the upper magnetic pole can be worn out by flushing from feed. Therefore, SSS-Ⅱ type horizontal magnetic field high gradient magnetic separator was developed. This magnetic unit will not contact with slurry by using a special design, which solve the difficulty of magnetic unit corrosion and wear from slurry thoroughly, and overcome the problem of magnetic medium clogging by using multi-gradient magnetic medium and discharging with the aid of water-air combination. Its application in fine magnetic workshop of Midi titanium plant indicated that, titanium grade and recovery of the concentrate produced by this new equipment are significantly higher than that of the on-site perpendicular magnetic field high gradient magnetic separator under the same conditions, and keep stable work efficiency in the long run.
    Drilling Energy Consumption Analysis of Rotary Drill Rig
    ZHANG Yun-Peng, MA Zhi-Wei, WU Xu
    2014, 43(02):  127-130. 
    Asbtract ( 1350 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Through statistical analysis on actual application of rotary drill rig in mine，the influence of drilling depth，protodyakonov coefficient of rock，drilling rate，drilling hole diameter on the drilling energy consumption are analyzed.The linear meter energy consumption scales up in a linear relation with the drilling depth，and with the drilling depth increasing，the energy consumption grows exponentially as the drilling depth.With the increase of the Protodyakonov coefficient，the energy consumption growth of the rotary drill rig with large aperture is lower than that with small aperture.So the rotary drill rig with large aperture is suitable for drilling the solid rock.Different type of rotary drilling rigs has its own drilling rates，so it is necessary to adopt the suitable one according to the actual situation.Linear energy consumptions are varied according to different apertures，the energy consumption of rotary drilling rig with small aperture is obviously low.But in terms of blasting unit amount of rock，the energy consumption of rotary drilling rig with large aperture is lower than that with small aperture.The research is of guiding significance to the type selections of rotary drilling rigs and drilling work as well in the open pit mine.
    Influencing Factor Analysis and Control of Open Pit Slope Stability
    ZHENG Lu-Jing, ZHENG Lu-Lin, CHANG Xiao-Na, HAN Bin
    2014, 43(02):  131-136. 
    Asbtract ( 1290 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Under steep slope mining，the slope stability of open pit greatly affects the continuity and efficiency of production.Through fully considering 5 failure types of planar，wedge，toppling，circular and loose soil slope and its effect on surface water，groundwater and excavation blasting in Jinfeng Gold Mine，various reinforcement methods were proposed as follows：long cable bolt+ spray anchor net，long cable bolt+ steel mesh，long cable bolt+ spray anchor net+ anti-slide pile，long cable bolt+ steel mesh stripe and HDPE membrane.Some drainage measures as surface ditches and upward-inclined dewatering/ depressurization holes and the hole-by-hole blasting with trim shot controlled method effectively guaranteed the slope stability of open pit under steep slope mining.Meanwhile，the practical effects of these reinforcement methods were elaborated combining with years of engineering practice.
    Interface Structure Analysis and Performance of the Spontaneous Combustion Gangue Shotcrete
    ZHAO Wen-Bin, ZHANG Shou-Yong, WANG Jin-Feng, ZHU Guang-Li, WANG Ming-Hua, MIN Yao-Tao
    2014, 43(02):  137-141. 
    Asbtract ( 1262 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Through experiments on crushing value,water absorption,particle size distribution of spontaneous combustion gangue aggregate,and the compressive strength of concrete,the influence to compressive strength of shotcrete when gangue aggregate replaced natural aggregate and the alkaline mixing water is investigated.The experimental data is analyzed with use of SPSS software,showing that aggregate type has little influence on concrete strength,alkaline mixing water benefits to enhance 3 d and 28 d strength of gangue concrete,but has less impact on 1 d strength of gauge concrete and each age of stone concrete.According to SEM observation and analysis,gangues with feature of loose and porous structure,easy absorption and rough surface is in favor of the attachment of cement mortar,effectively reduces water-cement ratio at the interface under high mixing water and decrease the thickness of the interfacial transition zone that is unfavorable to the concrete strength.Alkaline mine water contributes to dissolve out active SiO2 and Al2O3 in natural aggregate,and these active substance react with Ca(OH)2 collected around interface and then produce gel which enhances the density of interfacial transition zone.
    Numerical Simulation Analysis of Stability and Treatment Program of Goaf under Tunnel
    YAO Xuan-Cheng, GAO Yong-Tao, SU Jian-Jun, WANG He
    2014, 43(02):  142-145. 
    Asbtract ( 1243 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    It is increasingly thought highly of hazardous assessment and treatment technology on the mined-up regions under the tunnels.In order to treat the goaf under tunnel for transport line of Eastern Open Pit,numerical simulation analysis on stability and treatment program of goaf were carried out with FLAC3D,obtaining the rule of stress and deformation before and after the reinforcement of goaf under tunnel.The optimal reinforcement measure was got through the sensitivity analysis on the invert thickness and the strength of the grouting material.The numerical analysis indicated that：tunnel excavating above the unreinforced goaf made the sides of goaf suffer more vertical load.Shear failure occurred in the root of the tunnel and tensile failure occurred in the middle and roof of the tunnel.Meanwhile,there was a large settlement and unequal settlement in the root of the tunnel.After joint reinforcement of mined-out area grouting and tunnel floor pouring invert,the stress concentration near the mined-out area is well released,which significantly reduces maximum or uneven settlement in tunnel floor and improves overall stability of rock and soil.
    Flood Discharge System Design and Optimization Method of Tailings Dam
    DENG Shu-Shen
    2014, 43(02):  146-149. 
    Asbtract ( 1177 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Tailings flood discharge system is a necessary part of the tailings safety facilities，flood discharge system design is one of the core problems in the tailings design.According to the characteristics of the tailings flood discharge system inlet water depth is limited， the commonly used several types of flood discharge system commonly used are introduced，the basic flow pattern (weir flow，and half pressure flow，pressure flow) are analyzed，and the analysis results show that the water inlet section is the key parameters affecting the weir flow，inlet depth is a key parameter to affect half pressure flow，pipe (hole) cross section is the key to affect the pressure flow parameters.For various flow pattern of flow rate with the increase of the inlet head speed was analyzed，and the results show that flow from the weir flow into half pressure，increase speed will be significantly reduced，half pressure flow increase speed is greater than the pressure flow.Under certain inlet water depth and the maximum discharge，the reasonable discharge curve is given，according to reasonable discharge curve flood discharge system design is optimal，only the weir flow participate in the flood regulating calculation，simplifies the process for flood regulating calculation，and finally expounds the tailings flood discharge system design and optimization of concrete steps.
    Stability Analysis of the Effect of the Hanging Wall Ore Excavation on Earth′s Surface Flood-control Dam in an Iron Mine
    CHEN Shun-Man, XU Meng-Guo, WANG Ping, LI Bin, XU Zhao, LUO Kai
    2014, 43(02):  150-153. 
    Asbtract ( 1163 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    As hanging wall ore is located aside the east flood control dam reservoir in a certain iron mine，the surface are not allowed to collapse，in order to guarantee the safety of flood control dam.Therefore the afterwards fill mining method is adopted to exploit the hanging wall ore.Through the finite different method for numerical simulation，the deformation of the surface as well as the settlement of the monitoring stations nearby the flood-control dam are analyzed as the excavation of the no.1，no.2 and no.3 hanging wall ore in different cases.The simulation results showed that after the no.3 hanging wall ore below the flood-control dam is excavated，the surface deformation range increases，and the settlement value of flood-control dam monitoring stations increases dramatically，which may lead to cracks further expanding，and threaten the safety of the flood-control dam，and even result in the geological disasters such as debris flow.It is suggested that all mining activities near the flood-control dam be prohibited.The excavation of the no.2 hanging wall ore should be in strict accordance with the design requirements.
    Reasonable Preserve of Waterproof Pillar nearby the Thin Bedrock Efflorescent Oxygenized Belts
    LIU Wei-Tao, HUO Zhi-Chao, PAN Xiao-Feng, HUANG Rui-Feng
    2014, 43(02):  154-158. 
    Asbtract ( 1448 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    In order to determine the upper mining limit reasonably，according to the current drilling data and supplementary exploration data for hydrogeology in Luxi Coal Mine，a comprehensive analysis of the Quaternary lower water-resisting layer，the thickness of bedrock，rock mechanical parameters of rock and rock wind oxidized zone condition was made.Then compared the height of water conducting fracture zone from the measured data of Luxi Coal Mine，the empirical formula of “three-underground” procedures and the empirical formula under thin bedrock of Xinglongzhuang Coal Mine，the empirical formula of “three-underground” procedures was adopted to predict the crack height of overburden rock fracture zones after mining in the 3111II working face，obtaining strata lithology as “medium hard” and the mean square error 0.The conclusion was drawn that only lower part of No.3 coal layer in bifurcation area was determined to be explored with the height of waterproof coal/rock pillar of 38 m，and No.3 coal layer in the combined area was explored by two sub-levels with height of waterproof coal/rock pillar of 49 m.
    Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Based on the Matter-element Extension Method
    ZHAO Yan-Ling, SHI Juan-Juan, He-Ting-Ting, LIU Ya-Ping, RAN Yan-Yan
    2014, 43(02):  159-165. 
    Asbtract ( 1323 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The soil heavy metal pollution has typical characteristics of fuzziness and uncertainty.In order to accurately evaluate the situation of soil heavy metal pollution，The matter-element extension model for evaluating soil heavy metal pollution was established based on theory of matter-element，extension theory and correlation function.Furthermore，pollutions from 46 sampling points in Goldfield were evaluated by choosing Cd，Pb，Cr，Hg，Cu and Zn as evaluation factors.The results showed that there were 23 sampling points at clean level among the 46 sampling points chosen from Goldfield，accounting for 50% of the total sample points，11 at light clean level，accounting for 23.9% of the total sampling points，and 11 at light pollution level and 1 at middle pollution level，accounting for 23.9% and 2.2% of the total sampling points respectively.Comparing with other four classical methods，it is concluded that using matter-element extension method to evaluate the situation of soil heavy metal pollution is feasible.It is simple and efficient to calculate the evaluation results with Matlab2010b.In addition，matter-element extension method avoided the influence of artificial factors in the process of evaluation and realized the quantitative processing with regard to these factors.Thus，it is a new and ideal method in evaluating heavy metal pollution of soil.
    Experimental Study of Strength Characteristics of Tailing Sand in Tailings Dam
    YANG Kai, 吕Shu-Ran , ZHANG Yuan-Yuan
    2014, 43(02):  166-170. 
    Asbtract ( 1351 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    The mechanical property of tailing sand in tailings dam were studied through the consolidated drained triaxial (CD) tests and compression tests.The strength characteristics and stress-strain curve of tailing sand under different compaction degree were discussed.The results showed that，with the relative density of tailing sand increased (from 0.47 to 0.73)，its strength index (cohesion and friction angle) were increased.The compression tests indicated that for tailing sand with the same porosity ratio，its compression factor was reduced，the compression modulus increased，but the compression index remained almost unchanged with the vertical pressure increasing (from 100 kPa to 400 kPa).With the porosity ratio increasing，the compression factor and compression index of tailing sand increased，and the compression modulus decreased.Thus，its compressive strength also increases.Therefore，in the actual project，an increase of tailing sand density can improve the strength and the stability of the tailings dam.
    Circular Economy and Sustainable Development of Mining Industry
    CHANG Qian-Fa
    2014, 43(02):  171-175. 
    Asbtract ( 1172 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    There are many issues in development and utilization of mineral resources in China such as high mining intensity，high energy consumption per unit，low-level exploitation，and overmuch，chaotic and miscellaneous waste emission etc.This backward mode in development and utilization severely wasted the limited mineral resources.Based on this，the necessity of circular economy on mining was proposed and the significance and urgency of promoting green development in China were analyzed.The theoretical background and basic features of mining circular economy were introduced as well.The corresponding countermeasures and basic principles for mining circular economy development were put forward to promote mining development in more healthy and sustainable way by reference of typical successful cases of mining circular economy development in Minmetals Luzhong Mining Co.，Ltd.，Tongling Nonferrous Metals Group Holding Co.，Ltd.，and Henan Lingbao City，etc respectively.
    Round-pipe Experiment of Filling Paste with Recycled Aggregate of Building Waste
    ZHANG Bao-Liang, LIU Yin, ZHANG Hao-Qiang, ZHANG Xin-Guo
    2014, 43(02):  176-180. 
    Asbtract ( 1202 )   PDF  
    Related Articles | Metrics
    Ratio tests and round-pipe experiment were researched by paste filling model system indoor to study the changes of basic performance and the rheological property of paste filling material which using building waste as aggregate and using fly ash and additives as fine aggregate on the basis of theory and technology of pumping paste backfill mining.The ratio of paste backfilling materials is additives∶fly ash∶building waste=1∶4∶6，and the test's operations included three steps：preparation、 the matreial preparation of paste backfill、 pumping test&data collection under using the scheme of mass concentration modulation from high to low by adding water.The results showed that：the slump and layering degree of paste filling material decreases with the increase of pumping time，but the quality concentraton increased slightly.The slump and layering degree of paste filling material that the concentration was 76% respectively reached 18.5 cm and 0.9 cm after 4 h piping.The concentration、speed and diameter were main influence factors for pipe friction loss，and the flow velocities of paste backfills which of the mass concentration was 76% between 0.8 m/s and 1.0 m/s was ideal .