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Table of Content

    16 December 2013, Volume 42 Issue 12
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    Non Overburden Pillarless Mining Technology of Hard Rocks
    HU Xing-Bao
    2013, 42(12):  1-4. 
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    Due to the pillarless caving method and the forming characteristics and functions of roof rock overburden layer,the principle of pillarless non-overburden stoping method is proposed to seek for reducing mining investment and costs.Based on the geological survey of foundation engineering,and cavability evaluation on the rock roof,and combining with characteristics of ore drawing with low dilution,the roof overburden layer without overhead caving is formed.Under a guarantee of relevant monitoring tools,the pillarless mining was successfully achieved.
    Study on Supporting Stability of Large Dip Angle Roadway with Thick Compound Roof
    LI Hao-Chun, SU Xue-Gui, YANG Yong-Kang
    2013, 42(12):  5-8+12. 
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    For some characteristics of the coal seam with large dip angle and thick compound roof such as large dip angle，low strength of surrounding rock，weak interlayer bonding and easy separation，and with the 4105 face tunnel in Yongning Mine as a case，FLAC3D numerical simulation software is adopted to simulate the stress distribution and deformation of surrounding rock and the plastic zone distribution of the tunnel surrounding rock in different section shape and different supporting parameters.The results show that，the arched roadway with vertical wall can improve the stress state of surrounding rock，reduce the damage range of plastic zone and decrease the deformation of surrounding rock.It is more suitable for excavation and support of the roadway with large dip angle and thick compound roof.
    Advanced Equipment Applied in Pillarless Sublevel Caving Method with Large Parameters
    ZHANG Lin, LU Yu-Gen, SUN Guo-Quan
    2013, 42(12):  9-12. 
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    In pillarless sublevel caving method,it is essential to match the mine structural parameters and the mining equipment.Large structural parameters of the stope matching with large-scale advanced mining equipment can significantly improve mining efficiency,and reduce costs.The theory of pillarless sublevel caving method with large structural parameters was introduced.Then the application of large-scale mechanized mining equipment in pillarless sublevel caving method with large structural parameters was demostrated from practical situation,safety and environmental protection and economic benefits respectively.
    Study on Determining Method of the Reasonable Thickness of Covering Layer
    ZHANG Yi-
    2013, 42(12):  13-15+19. 
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    Facing the fact of less understanding about the function of the covering layer，the relationship among the thickness of covering layer，mining process，loss and dilution，water prevention and drainage and mine ventilation are discussed through experiments.Results show that the thickness of covering layer have a greater impact on the drawing shape，ore recovery rate present a parabolic adding rule as the thickness increases.The infiltration coefficient show different on each layer，and the relative location of the layer which mentioned to prevent water and air moves down.Finally，based on analysis of the design parameters of the on-site mine，the thickness of covering layer for Shouyun Iron Mine was optimized with the results above to obtain a reasonable thickness of covering layer.
    Surrounding Rock's Stability Classification of Roadway Based on Rock Mass Strength Theory
    NIU Shao-Qing, YANG Shuang-Suo, LI Yi-1
    2013, 42(12):  16-19. 
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    Based on rock mechanics parameters and the stress field feature of surrounding rock of roadway，and taking Mohr-Columb strength criterion + Griffith strength criteria as a joint criteria to judge the instability，the roadway surrounding rock stability judging indexes and the corresponding grading standards are given by theoretical analysis.On this basis，suggestive supporting form of surrounding rock at various levels is proposed，which is applied to the shaft yard support in Back-up Area of No.5 mine in Yangquan Coal Industry (Group) Co.，Ltd..The site tests proved it to be feasible.
    Typical Application of Room and Pillar Method in Erlihe Lead-zinc Mine
    ZHAO Lin-Hai, WANG Chun, WANG Wen-Li, WEN Yi-Ming
    2013, 42(12):  20-22+26. 
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    The Ⅱ1 ore body in Erlihe Lead-zinc Mine looks like an irregular saddle.The ore body at saddle is so thick that it is very difficult to exploit．The open stoping method with footwall chute was adopted once in the mine,but had a non ideal effect.According to the mining technical conditions of Ⅱ1 ore body,the room and pillar method is recommended for the thick saddle-like ore-body.In the tests,the loss ratio,dilution ratio and mining-cutting ratio were all significantly declined.Meanwhile，the collapse of mined-out area was effectively controlled by using the anchor to support the roof.The room and pillar method is ideal for exploiting the saddle of Ⅱ1 ore body based on analyzing all influencing factors．
    Analysis of Relationship between the Plastic Zone of Surrounding Rock and the Support Reaction
    SHEN Shao-Xue, MA Hai-Feng, YIN Zhi-Qiang
    2013, 42(12):  23-26. 
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    Plastic analysis of the circular roadway surrounding rock with the lateral pressure coefficient of 1，is made based on the Drucker-Prager criterion，obtaining the analytical solutions of plastic zone's radius.The cases are analyzed based on the specific geological conditions and the numerical simulation on the stress field and displacement field of the surrounding rock is made.The results show that stress field and displacement field are all distributed symmetrically.The surrounding rock around tunnel emerges stress concentration and reduction.Thus，roadway should be supported timely after being excavated，and the supported strength of the roadway shoulder and the bottom corner be enhanced.The value of vertical displacement is greater than that of horizontal displacement，and the displacement is reducing gradually till to be 0 with the surrounding rock extending to the depth.
    Study on the Underground Pressure Monitoring and Underground Pressure Control Measure for Jinfeng Mining
    WANG Jun-Min, LI Xiu-Chang, JIANG Guang-Long, MA Qing-Fei
    2013, 42(12):  27-30. 
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    The laws of underground pressure activity of the stope and the entry are grasped by monitoring the underground pressure，supporting force and crack expansion of surrounding rock in the main roadway under intensively underground pressure，in Liaoning Jinfeng Gold Mining Co.，Ltd..Through monitoring subsidence of the roof surrounding rock and pressure of the supporting pillar in goafs formed in production，the rule of the roof subsidence displacement and the surrounding rock stability of the goaf are mastered，and the underground pressure control measure for the goaf is analyzed.The study provides a basis and method for treating the goaf.
    Numerical Simulation of Rock Slope on Large Deformation Mode for Transition from Yanqianshan Open-pit to Underground Mining
    CHANG Lai-Shan, LI Xin, NIU Wen-Jie
    2013, 42(12):  31-32+36. 
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    The rock slope will take place large deformation,damage and stability issues during the transition from Yanqianshan open-pit to underground mining.The mine excavation characteristics in different depth was analyzed with FLAC large deformation mode.The soft rock mass in North slope collapse easily and heavily.But the sliding is not rapid usually,and has a less influence to underground mining.But large number of small crushed stones will fill the rock layer,which is unfavorable to control the dilution and loss index.The hard rock mass in south slope have not appeared large deformation and sliding during primary mining.
    Research on Drilling and Blasting Technology of Karst Developed Limestone Mine
    GONG Shi-Peng, CHEN Feng-Jin, FENG Jun-Yuan
    2013, 42(12):  33-36. 
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    For the cave and cracks' impact on blasting and the problems posed in karst area，and combining with mine production practices，the causes of the problem and the possible consequences to solve the problem are analyzed from drill，charge and ignition network.The specific methods are summarized for solving the problems.The blasting methods，such as the air space charge method，outside hole millisecond short delay detonation technology and the hybrid blasting of electric cap and fuse blasting cap，are determined.These blasting methods effectively improved the blasting effect，ensured blasting safety and reduced the cost of ore exploration.
    On the Full-tailings Backfilling Strength of a Copper Mine
    XU Fei, CHU Hong-Tao-1, LIU Xiao-Liang
    2013, 42(12):  37-39. 
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    The full-tailings backfilling strength tests of a copper mine in Zhejiang showed that the forming mechanism of the backfilling strength relates to the concentration,cement-tailing ratio,age and type of cementitious materials,besides of the physical properties,chemical composition and particle size distribution of tailings.Cements with different grades and different types have different effect on the strength form of backfilling.PO42.5 cement has a better contribution to the backfilling strength than PC32.5 cement.In process of backfilling materials proportion strength test,different label and type of cement should be chosen to make tests and prepare the most economic and reasonable cementitious material for the mines based on required strength.
    Feasibility Study of Mined-out Area Backfilling with Coal Gangue Trapezoidal Strip
    XU Chun-Yun
    2013, 42(12):  40-42+45. 
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    The mining technology with coal gangue backfilling can be used to recover the resource of “three under” underground coals and the coal pillar by the way of low cost,high security and effection.Effective recycling of gangues in mining area is the key for green mining.The theory of equivalent mining volume of trapezoidal strips filling mining strata control is presented.A further analysis of the determination of size and stability are made.The results show that: stability of filling reduces with the increase of mining depth and mining height,and increases with the increase of filling body's sectional dimension.The trapezoidal backfilling method is suitable for medium-thin coal seam with small mining height,and the dense backfilling is more suitable for the thick seam mining with large mining height.
    Research of Thick Seam Slicing and Reduction Impact Optimization Design in Changcun Mine
    LI Zhan-Qi, GAO Ming-Shi, LI Yu-Long, CHEN Xi
    2013, 42(12):  43-45. 
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    According to the problem of frequent rock burst in driving process of lower roadway of 21132 work face in Changcun mine，the factors for rockburst is analyzed，that is，the superposition of the high stress of Z Coal pillar results in frequently rock burst.The numerical simulation software FLAC3D is adopted to analyze the stress superposition level and the stress distribution in Z-type coal pillar zone.At the same time，the optimization analysis on the roadway arrangement for the No.21 mining area is made.The proposals for the buffer arrangement of roadway system for three working faces are put forwards，by considering the aspects from how to avoid stress concentration and the maximum recovery of coal resources.And their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed to finally determine that the second one is optimal.This research provides a solid basis for the safe recovery of the bottom slicing workface.
    Multiple Regression Linear Analysis on Attenuation Formula of Blasting Vibration Velocity
    RAO Yun-Zhang, WANG Hong
    2013, 42(12):  46-47+51. 
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    Through analyzing the empirical formula for predicting the blasting quality peak velocity and the measured data of some mine,two key factors for influencing the blasting vibration velocity are determined,that is,the maximum charge in one delay time and the distance from blasting center.Based on this,the multivariate linear regression model is established,and the attenuation regular of blasting vibration velocity is obtained with the SPSS software.
    Research and Application of the Constitutive Model and Numerical Simulation of Fractured Rock Mass
    ZHANG Lan-Xiang, CHA Wen-Hua, WANG Kun
    2013, 42(12):  48-51. 
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    Combined with the damage mechanics method of fractured rock mass，and based on the Mohr-Coulomb theory model，the emergence and expansion of rock fractures are investigated in order to achieve the constitutive relations and evolution equations of partial rock destruction.Based on the two secondary development program interface of FLAC3D，VC++ programming language is used to realize the user-defined constitutive model which is compiled into a dynamic link file for loading and transferring.Finally，this constitutive model is applied to stability analysis for a roadway surrounding rock in the excavation，obtaining that the distribution rules of calculated plastic zone，displacement field，stress contours of distribution are accord with Mohr-Coulomb criterion，which validates the applicability and reliability of the model further.This provides a method for engineering application．
    Effects of Force between Magnetic Dipoles on Process of Low Intensity Magnetic Separation
    KU Jian-Gang, CHEN Hui-Huang, HE Kui
    2013, 42(12):  52-56+60. 
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    Abstract Taking theΦ1 050 mm×3 000 mm wet drum low intensity magnetic separator in roughing operations in Panzhihua Midi concentrator for example, the recovery of magnetic minerals with different particles was predicted by using the traditional theory of magnetic separation (the precondition of magnetic mineral particles be recycled is that the magnetic force is greater than the sum of gravity and water resistance which acting on particles). And the relative error between the predicted result and the real data reaches maximum 58.05%. Thus, it queries about the applicability of the traditional magnetic separation theory. Further study on magnetic dipole model is made. Results show that force between magnetic dipoles applied on magnetic particles in the magnetic field is much greater than the gravity, water resistance and magnetic force. Additionally, magnetic particles in magnetic field reunite into magnetic coagulation within 0.02 s which has an important impact on process of low intensity magnetic separation due to the force between magnetic dipoles. Without considering the effect of magnetic dipole force, the traditional magnetic separation theory produces large error when predicting the effect of the low intensity magnetic separation. The research results provide new reference for designing magnetic separation equipment.
    Experiments on Reduction Roasting and Magnetic Separation of Indonesia Nickel Laterite Ore
    PEI Xiao-Dong, QIAN You-Jun
    2013, 42(12):  57-60. 
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    Indonesia low-grade nickel laterite ore contains Ni of 1.57% and Fe of 21.67%,among which nickel exists in form of garnierite.In order to comply with the provisions of Indonesia nickel laterite ore export by increasing the nickel content of above 6%,experiments of reduction roasting and low intensity magnetic separation were carried out with sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate as cosolvent.The test results showed that under conditions of adding 25% reducing coal,the ratio and total amount of sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate at 3∶1 and 20% respectively,roasting temperature at 1 200 ℃ for 60 min,grinding fineness of -0.074 mm 85%,and magnetic field intensity of 96 kA/m,nickel and iron concentrate with yield of 22.06%,Ni grade of 6.05%,Ni recovery of 85.03%,Fe grade of 65.74%,and Fe recovery of 66.92% was obtained.Ni grade in this concentrate is high of the lowest limit for exports of Indonesia laterite nickel ore.
    Titanium Concentration from Baima Iron Tailings in Panzhihua
    NING Ya-Juan
    2013, 42(12):  61-65+69. 
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    With the reference of previous test results, and combining with the nature of the ore, beneficiation tests for titanium recovery of Panzhihua Baima iron tailings were carried out by the process of classification-one-stage magnetic separation-spiral chute gravity separation-two-stage magnetic separation-flotation. Through the conditioning tests, appropriate technical parameters for each stage were determined. Ultimately, titanium concentrate with TiO2 grade of 46.23% and TiO2 recovery of 29.66% was achieved. Meanwhile, iron and sulfur residues existing in the original iron tailings were comprehensively recovered. The test results can be used as technical basis for building titanium dressing plant in Baima Iron Mine.
    High Purity V2O5 Preparation with Vanadium-rich Liquid Extracted from Stone Coal
    WEI Qing, DAI Zi-Lin, WU Hai-Ying, LI Gui-Ying
    2013, 42(12):  66-69. 
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    In view of drawbacks in traditional process of preparing high purity V2O5 with vanadium extraction from stone coal,a new process for directly preparing high purity V2O5 is proposed based on the original metallurgical grade Vanadium production process as follows: adjusting the concentration of sulfuric acid in vanadium-rich liquid,oxidizing the liquid to reach potential more than 1 000 mV with sodium chlorate solution,obtaining a red filtered cake (red cake),dissolving the red cake with sulfuric acid solution,adding aqueous ammonia to realize vanadium precipitation under controlled final pH,obtaining high purity V2O5 by filtering,drying and roasting,and preparing metallurgical grade vanadium from the oxidized filter according to the original vanadium precipitation process.Taking vanadiumrich liquid from Shaanxi Wuzhou Mining Co.,Ltd-as a case,laboratory tests showed that the key parameters to prepare high purity vanadium includes the initial sulfuric acid concentration in vanadium-rich liquid 1.5 mol/L,the concentration of sulfuric acid solution to dissolve the red cake 1.5 mol/L,and the final pH=0.8 with ammonia adding-Based on laboratory tests results,industrial tests in Wuzhou Mining Co.,Ltd-were performed to obtain high-purity vanadium and metallurgical-grade vanadium of 99.7 and 98 respectively.
    Experimental Study on Flotation of a Certain Rutile Ore in Shandong
    WAN Li, GAO Yu-De
    2013, 42(12):  70-72+77. 
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    In order to provide a technical basis for the utilization of a certain rutile ore in Shandong, experimental study on its flotation was carried out. The results showed that under grinding fineness of -0.043 mm 65%, using sodium carbonate, lead nitrate, sodium hexametaphosphate as regulators, self-formulated modified fatty acid as collector, rutile concentrate with TiO2 grade of 72.52% and TiO2 recovery of 87.22% was obtained through the process of one-roughing, three-cleaning, and three- scavenging, which realized effective recovery of rutile.
    Study on New Beneficiation Process of Mg-rich Copper-Nickel Lean Ore
    ZHAO Kai-Le, WANG Chang-Liang, DENG Wei, GU Guo-Hua, RAO Xi-Ying
    2013, 42(12):  73-77. 
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    A Mg-rich copper-nickel lean ore with low grade of copper and nickel, high content of talc and serpentine, and nickel bearing in poor floatable pyrrhotite, is a refractory mineral. The process of desliming and Cu-Ni bulk flotation is adopted on-site, which did not separate from copper and nickel, and lowered the low recovery of copper and nickel due to desliming. In order to realize the efficient utilization of the ore, new activator WT-02 and new inhibitor WY-003 are developed and a new process of copper-nickel bulk flotation and Cu-Ni separation without desliming is proposed. Both two agents and the new process are verified to be effective and reasonable through laboratory tests and pilot tests. Based on these, industrial tests are carried out. The results show that compared with the original process, the new one can realize high effective separation of copper and nickel, and increase Cu and Ni recovery of 17.89% and 17.24% respectively. Additionally, 120.53 t of nickel and 54.31 t of copper metal will be recovered each year, with the yearly output value increased by 14 220 200 yuan.
    Carbon and Oxygen Isotope Characteristics of Nanchuan-Wulong 〖JZ〗Bauxite and its Geological Significance
    ZHAO Xiao-Dong, LI Jun-Min, WANG Tao, CHEN Li, 吕Tao
    2013, 42(12):  78-80+84. 
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    Taking the Chongqing Nanchuan-Wulong bauxite as the research object,26 samples containing bauxite,clay rock,limestone,silty shale were selected to investigate the environment of ore-bearing rock forming and the source of ore-forming materials by analyzing the distribution of carbon and oxygen isotopes.According to the distribution range of δ13CV-PDB,δ18OV-PDB and δ18OV-SMOW,C mainly came form carbonate rocks,the salinity of water medium in the process of rock-forming (ore-forming) varies greatly,but fresh water was the main part of the water medium.In addition,the forming process of ore-bearing rock series may be accompanied by the ancient landform changes,and seawater intrusion was possibly the factor.According to the feature of C,O isotope,it inferred that the source of ore-forming materials owns the feature of diversity,among which shale and limestone were regarded as the source of material.Combining with the characteristics of zircon and the field observations,silurian shale was the main source of ore-forming material.In general,the Nanchuan-Wulong bauxite was formed under a hot and humid climate,and a relatively closed,water retained and reducing environment.
    Genesis Contrast of Granite from Pozaiying Molybdenum Ore in the West of Guangdong Province
    AN Yan-Fei, TAN Xin
    2013, 42(12):  81-84. 
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    Some granite samples such as granite porphyry,quartz porphyry,fine grained granite and granite gneiss from Pozaiying Molybdenum Ore in the west of Guangdong province were selected and its REE composition,EPMA and raman spectra characteristics were analyzed.The results showed that there exists distinct difference of the REE composition,quartz crystal SiO2 content and its crystallographic feature between fine grained granite and granite gneiss.Both two are formed in different forming process.Granite porphyry and its phenocryst are similar to that of fine grained granite,revealing that the granite porphyry and fine grained granite may be homologous products.However,the composition of quartz porphyry is more close to granitic gneiss,inferring that it be formed due to contamination by the upper invasion of granite porphyry to granitic gneiss.
    User Experience of Digital Mine based on Kinect
    FAN Gong-Qin, CHEN Chao
    2013, 42(12):  85-89+93. 
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    A new approach by using a natural user interface instead of the traditional mouse and keyboard was proposed to improve user experience in digit mine.It greatly improves the operating experience of user in digital mine.With the NUI based on Kinect design and experiment on a demo program 3D Dynamic Run-Time System of Mine Ventilation,a method of natural user interface for improving user experience was put forward and the core theory of User-centered was verified.
    Study of Underground Mines Fingerprint-based Localization Algorithms based on Hadoop Cloud Computing Platform
    GAO Guang-Fei, YAO Jun
    2013, 42(12):  90-93. 
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    According to the feature of a large offline database based on mine fingerprint matching location algorithm，in order to more efficiently handle the offline database to obtain more accurate underground personnel positioning services，a cloud-based service model was proposed.With the use of the advantage of Hadoop technology architecture in the large data processing，the match positioning process was decentralized to the various nodes of a distributed cluster to parallel processing.By this method，the program of mine personnel positioning was designed and the reliability and efficiency of this program was demonstrated.
    Technical Solutions for Measuring Slippage of Wheel Rope of Non Guide Wheel Tower Hoist
    CHEN Xing
    2013, 42(12):  94-96. 
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    For multi-rope hoist,sliding rope is a very important safety issue.Therefore,real-time online monitoring of the sliding rope is also an essential safety tip for multi-rope hoist.But for tower hoist with non guild wheel,the encoder of measuring rope speed can not be installed since there is no sheave or guide wheels.So there exist technical difficulties.The abandoned roller upon cage is proposed to measure the slippage of steel wire rope,and this proposal is analyzed and demonstrated from the theory.
    Parking Noise Analysis of ABB Shaft Hoist and the Countermeasure
    WANG Zhi-Kai
    2013, 42(12):  97-99. 
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    LiLou 1# main shaft hoist system in Anhui Development Mining Co.，Ltd.adopted the ABB's electronic control，gate control and drive system，and went into operation after commissioning.After two-year operation，the parking vibration noise became larger and larger and slight inversion occurs when the empty skip loads in positive stop.In order to solve such kind of security risks，the mechanical coordination between the implementing agencies was firstly adjusted，but it was ineffective after a period of running.After in-depth study on electronic control system，a soft stop proposal with optimized control was put forwards，and then the risk issue was solved.
    Development and Application of SLon-3000 Vertical Ring and 〖JZ〗Pulsating High Gradient Magnetic Separator
    XIONG Da-He
    2013, 42(12):  100-104. 
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    Through six-year innovation and improvement,SLon magnetic separator Ltd.has successfully developed SLon-3000 vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator which is the representative of SLon-magnetic separator enlargement.With advantages of large capacity,high beneficial efficiency,high reliability,low energy consumption and low operating cost,it showed an excellent performance in application in Titanium concentration process of Panzhihua Anning Iron-Titanium Co.,Ltd.and Xichang Mining Co.,Ltd.of Chongqing Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.and iron oxide beneficiation process of Kunsteel Dahongshan Iron Mine.
    Effect of Magnetic Media on Performances of High-gradient Magnetic Separation
    LI Wen-Bo, TANG Yu-He, HAN Yue-Xin, YUAN Zhi-Tao
    2013, 42(12):  105-107+138. 
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    In order to provide a reference for selecting the magnetic media of high gradient magnetic separator, and taking a micro-fine hematite at overseas and a scavenging tailing of a Guangdong limonite as objects, effect of the rod medium shape and its diameter on performance of high gradient magnetic separation are investigated with the aid of SSS-II type horizontal magnetic periodical high gradient magnetic separator. Medium shape tests result showed that: compared with the ordinary cylindrical rod medium, special-shaped rod media with circle protruding surface makes the concentrate recovery increased by 3.17%~6.17% for the overseas samples, which indicated that the special-shaped rod media has a stronger capture effect on magnetic particles. The medium diameter test results showed that compared with special-shaped rod media of Φ3 mm and Φ5 mm in diameter, the one of Φ4 mm in diameter increased the concentrate recovery rate by 1.18%~5.52% for the overseas samples, and by 2.14%~2.98% for Guangdong samples. All these indicated that appropriately increasing the media diameter was in favor of recovery of magnetic particles, but oversize diameter weakened the ability to capture the magnetic materials.
    Study on Influence of Waste Dumping to Cover Slope to Stability of Tailings Dam
    MU Gui-Qing, 吕Shu-Ran , WANG Ji-Fei
    2013, 42(12):  108-110+122. 
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    The outer slope ratio of tailing dam is 1∶5 and the slope angle is 11° in dressing plant of Shunda Mining Company.When waste dumping covers the slope，the safety factor of tailing dam is increased to 1.915 from 1.628，and the saturation line is still maintained at a reasonable range.In order to guarantee the slope's drainage performance，it is significant that the vegetation in mine dumping range and the quaternary soft layer are cleaned up，and 2~3 m block stone are laid out on it.The research indicates that it is feasible to cover the outer slope with the waste dump in safety.It offers a reference to similar reinforcement projects of tailing dam.
    Analysis of the Impact of Excavation Disturbance on Open-Pit Mining Slope Stability
    LIU Fei, HU Bin, SONG Dan, RAO Chen-Xi
    2013, 42(12):  111-114. 
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    A thorough study on stability of an open-pit mining slope in Tibet is made.Based on the comprehensive analysis on the engineering geological conditions，and with the use of FLAC3D numerical simulation software，the variation of displacement field and stress field in the rock slope under the excavation disturbance was studied.Research results show that the stepped excavation can truly simulate the impact of excavation disturbance on the slope stability; Under the effect of excavation disturbance，the rock mass unloading quantity and rebound deformation increases with the excavation depth added; The maximum displacement is situated in the middle-lower part of slope rock mass; The tension stress zone was formed in the vicinity of slope surface and the slope shoulder，and the slope toe shear stress increased significantly; The displacement field and stress field also exhibit “displacement steep rise” and “stress drop” phenomenon with the excavation proceeding.
    On the Physical Model Tests of Tailings Dam Stability
    ZHANG Min-Zhe, JIN Ai-Bing, WANG Zhi-Kai, ZHANG Yuan-Sheng
    2013, 42(12):  115-117. 
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    Taking the tailing sand from Xishimen Iron Mine as test materials,the tailings dam model with indoor small scale was built through self-developed physical model testing device of tailing dam.Pressure tests result in generating a high pore-water pressure in tailing dam but have less effect on the increase and the scope of saturation line,which indicated that there is little risk of dam failure leading to the sand liquefaction due to the continuing piling.The monitoring results on the displacement of tailing dam showed that maximum deformation is located in the middle of the dam,and the region is the key section of the dam failure and taking engineering measures.There exists a critical height for the dam stability.When the dam height exceeds the critical height,the deformation risk will increase sharply,causing the instability of the dam.Therefore,the critical height should be paid full attention in actual projects,and the corresponding engineering measures should be taken.
    Stacking Process of Metal Mine Tailings in China and its Development Trend
    DUAN Wei-Ping, GUO Jin-Feng, WANG Bin
    2013, 42(12):  118-122. 
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    The characteristics of metal mine tailings stacking process in China are summarized,and the specific applicable conditions for tailings stacking and its advantages and disadvantages are discussed with the comparative analysis.The existing problems in each stacking process and the development trends are demonstrated.The conclusion is that the wet tailing stacking is still the main way to dispose the tailings,and the future developing treads include mined-out area filling with tailings,dry tailings stacking,combining discharge of tailings and waste dump and comprehensive utilization of tailings etc.
    Application of Three-dimensional Discrete Element Method in Prediction of Tunnel Water Inflow
    ZHANG Yu-Fu
    2013, 42(12):  123-126. 
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    The forecasting method for water inflow was researched.The application feasibility of discrete element method in forecasting water inflow was analyzed with the discrete element method to propose the specific program to predict the water inflow.Three-dimensional discrete element method was adopted to predict the water inflow in practical engineering with the aid of 3DEC secondary development program.The research results showed that the accurate dynamic prediction of water inflow after excavation tunnel was obtained with 3DEC based on the seepage field and the stress field coupling theory.This high-efficient and reasonable prediction method for water inflow provides a reference for similar engineering.
    Stability Analysis of Landslide Triggered by Earthquake and its Monitoring Early-warning Method
    TAO Zhi-Gang, CAO Hui, Qin-Xiu-Shan, LIU Guang-Sheng, YU Shi-Bo
    2013, 42(12):  127-130+146. 
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    The 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake derived lots of geological disasters such as landslides,mud-rock flow and collapse.The landslide of Fenghuang mountain happened in Guangping town of Hanzhong is a typical destruction triggered by vibration.As the landslide is close to the seismic source,the seismic waves are the main factor for this landslide.Firstly,according to the field investigation,the slope's stability before and after the earthquake was numerically simulated with application of the limit equilibrium calculation software.The seismic response to the stability of the slope was determined.According to the results of stability analysis,the SPRM-01-type landslide remote monitoring system was adopted to real-time monitor the dangerous zone of Fenghuang mountain landslide as long as 25 months.Then,through the systematic analysis on the measured data,the rock soil internal stresses reached a new equilibrium after the earthquake-induced landslides in Fenghuangshan,and the potential decline in power sliding surface trended smooth over time and the landslide kept in a steady state.
    Study on Slope Long-term Stability Considering Rheological Property of Rock and Soil Medium
    JIANG Hai-Fei, HU Bin, LIU Qiang, WANG Xin-Gang
    2013, 42(12):  131-134. 
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    Based on Cvisc model in FLAC3D，the stability coefficient of the slope in Shiyan city is sought by using strength reduction technique which considers rheological property of rock and soil medium.The creep curves of monitoring points with different reduction coefficient are obtained.Then，the displacement law of creep curves is analyzed deeply，and the long-term stability coefficient of this slope is determined.Compared with the traditional strength reduction technique，the result indicates that slope stability coefficient is 1.18 with considering rheological property，and it is 1.30 without considering.It shows that the rheological property of soil and rock makes slope more dangerous.It′s better to use stability coefficient 1.18 as design parameter of the slope support.
    Proposal for Improving Tailing Pond Management of Anhui Province
    NIU Nu-Tao, LI Shi-Jie, KE Yi
    2013, 42(12):  135-138. 
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    The basic situation of tailings pond management in Anhui province is summarized.These tailing ponds mainly distribute in such five places as densely populated place,industry gathering zone,water sources basin,scenic spots and transportation hubs.In view of the issues in tailing ponds management of Anhui province including wide distribution,weak infrastructure,low investment,different understanding,and little attention to it,the necessity to further strengthen the tailings pond management was analyzed,and some proposal for further strengthening the management were put forward:①implement more stringent admittance management; ②vigorously promote management informationization; ③promote structural adjustment; ④promote the comprehensive utilization of tailings; ⑤strictly regulate the operation and management; ⑥largely increase investment; and ⑦strengthen associated law enforcement between different departments.
    Tests on Treatment Process of Cyanide-bearing Liquid Waste from a Gold Mine in Yunnan
    ZHOU Ji-Kui, YU Lian-Xiang
    2013, 42(12):  139-142. 
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    A gold mine in Yunnan province produces gold by the traditional cyanidation process.In order to make the cyanide-bearing wastewater reached the discharge standards,the joint process of “two-stage oxidation of sodium hypochlorite + activated carbon adsorption” was carried out to remove cyanide.The results showed under the conditions of m(NaClO)∶m(CN-)=2.5,pH=10.5 in the first stage,and with m(NaClO)∶m(CN-)=7,pH=9.1 in the second stage for reaction time 15 min respectively,the content of cyanide in the liquid waste was declined to 0.19 mg/L from the primary 45.01 mg/L by twice oxidation of sodium hypochlorite.Then,the treated liquid waste was optimized by the activated carbon adsorption process for 1h,and the content of cyanide was declined to less than 0.05 mg/L,which meets the requirement of “Standards for Drinking Water Quality” and “Hygienic Standards of Industrial Enterprises Design”.
    Research on Technology of Preparing Inorganic Fiber used in Papermaking with High-temperature Furnace Smelting Slag of Nickel-Iron
    SUN Zhen, LIU Jie
    2013, 42(12):  143-146. 
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    With Taguang Taung laterite nickel ore in Myanmar as raw materials, inorganic mineral fiber used in papermaking was prepared with high-temperature slag. The test results showed that under conditions of the amount of lime added in smelting occupying 10% of the ore by mass, the temperature of the slag at 1 500 ~ 1 600 ℃, the surface speed of centrifuge fiber-forming drum 10 835 m/min, and high temperature slag flow of 2 800 kg/h, fiber-forming rate of high temperature slag reached 75.30% ~ 75.38%. The prepared inorganic mineral fibers are used to replace parts of plant fiber to produce corrugated medium and liner board. The results showed that maximum amount of inorganic mineral fibers in two kinds of paper reached up to 35% and 40% respectively (by the mass ratio of inorganic mineral fiber and plant fiber).The research provides a new way for efficient utilization of nickel-iron smelting slag.
    Research of Magnetization Roasting-Magnetic Separation Process for Iron Tailing from Jiangxi Province
    WANG Wei, LIU Hong-Zhao, CAO Yao-Hua, GAO Zhao-Guo
    2013, 42(12):  147-150. 
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    There are still 38.74% of iron in an iron tailing of Jiangxi, but 98.49% of them exists in form of limonite. In order to provide technical reference for comprehensive utilization of tailings, and taking Henan Pingdingshan anthracite as reductant, the process of magnetization roasting-magnetic separation was studied. The results showed that under conditions of the mass fraction of tailings + pulverized coal 5% at temperature of 850 ℃ for magnetization roasting 60 min, together with first grinding fineness of -0.037 mm 92 %, second grinding fineness of -0.037 mm 97%, field strength 192 kA/m in rough concentration, and field strength 170 kA/m in clean concentration, the roasted products are treated by the low intensity magnetic separation process of two-stage grinding and one-roughing two-cleaning, or the process of two-stage grinding and one-rouging three-cleaning. Then, iron concentrate with Fe grade of 55.75%, 56.24% and Fe recovery of 78.50%, 74.81% was achieved separately.
    Comprehensive Utilization and Beneficiation Tests of a Copper-Nickel Tailing in Xinjiang
    BAI Hai-Jing, CHENG Yu, 吕Hui-Feng , SONG Yong-Sheng, LI Wen-Juan
    2013, 42(12):  151-155. 
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    A copper-nickel tailing in Xinjiang still contains about Ni of 0.2%,copper of 0.1%,and iron of 17% and sulfur of around 3%.Nickel,copper and iron mainly exist in form of pyrite,chalcopyrite and magnetite respectively.Sulfur mainly exists in pyrrhotite and pyrite.In order to provide the basis for comprehensive recovery of valuable components in this tailing,re-concentration trials were carried out.The results showed that through the process of copper-nickel flotation-sulfur flotation-Fe magnetic separation-flotation desulfurization of magnetic concentrate,and additionally adopting the whirl jet-stream flotation column in rough copper-nickel separation,regrinding before clean concentration of copper and nickel and the sulfurization of magnetic concentrate,copper-nickel mixed concentrate with Cu and nickel grade of 1.21% and 2.72%,and copper and nickel recovery of 12.30% and 16.59% were finally obtained.As well,iron concentrate with Fe grade of 65.12% and Fe recovery of 26.96% and sulfur concentrate with S grade of 35.73% and S recovery of 87.54% were achieved separately.