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    15 December 2015, Volume 44 Issue 12
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    Research on Five-grade Linkage Optimization Decision Support System in Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Management
    LIU Wen-Sheng, LI Tie-Gang, LI Ke-Qing, LIU Bao-Shun, YUAN Huai-Yu
    2015, 44(12):  1-4. 
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    Based on analysis of basic characteristics of mining and metallurgical engineering system，the optimization method of mine technical indexes based on "five-grade linkage" mining and metallurgical engineering management pattern was put forward by applying the system engineering theory and the marginal analysis method，and a decision support system that could be applied to five-grade linkage optimization of large mining enterprise was developed.The result shows that the application of the system can make Ansteel Mining achieve remarkable comprehensive benefits every year including ￥221 000 000 of incremental economic benefit，5.4 million tons of ore recovery efficiency and 18 000 m2 of land resource conservation benefit.
    Impact of Mining Space Variation on Stope Ground Pressure with Respect to Pillarless Sublevel Caving
    HU Bao-Wen, LI Chang-Hong, WEI Xiao-Ming
    2015, 44(12):  5-9. 
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    By virtue of field monitoring method，the variation law of ground pressure of roadways with change of excavation working space was explored with respect to pillarless sublevel caving，with Beiminghe Iron Mine taken as the engineering background.The radial force of roof，arch springing，and sides of roadways can be divided into three phases with advance of working face，which are stabilization，pressure-bearing，and unloading stage.As the distance between monitoring section and working face was greater than 15 blasting row spacing，the surrounding rock of roadway was in stable state and uninfluenced by the variation of mining space.As the distance was from 5 to 15 blasting row spacing，the surrounding rock of roadway was in the pressure-bearing stage，and the inflection point of stress started to appear within variation from 5 to 10 blasting row spacing，which means that rock mass deformation was intensified and uplifting of stress was accelerated.The radial force would be closed to the peak or in the both stages of peak and post-peak within the variation from 1 to 5 row spacing.The damage degree of rock mass is higher and its intactness is lower within thickness of 2 meters and 5 meters from working face，which are mainly caused by blasting stress wave and stress increment resulting from excavation.The research results provide theoretical basis with reasonable supporting and safety mining.
    Exploration for Water Prevention and Control Project of Auxiliary Shaft Excavating and Lining in Nanlizhuang Iron Mine
    JIAO Jun-Kai, ZHENG Cui-Min, LI Xiao-Dong, ZHAO Yu-Song
    2015, 44(12):  10-14. 
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    The comprehensive analysis on engineering construction environment of water karst mine of Nanlizhuang iron mine in Hanxing，technical issues of water inrush and flood control，shaft-flooding events，and aquifer water inrush mechanism are carried out.Based on these，and by means of systematic research on integrated technical solution of water prevention and control “exploring，blocking，cutting”，such techniques and measures as S hole exploration and grouting，rockwall firmness with advanced small pipes and chemical grout applicable are applied during work progress to successfully complete auxiliary shaft excavating and lining.It can be used as a reference by other mine constructions with similar working environment.
    Numerical Simulation of the Effect of In-situ Stress on Rock Blasting
    ZHANG Feng-Peng, PENG Jian-Yu, ZHANG Xin, LI Yuan-Hui
    2015, 44(12):  15-18. 
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    Cylindrical charge blasting in infinite rock was simplified to the plane strain issues.Based on bilinear kinematic hardening yield theory，the blasting process was simulated by ANSYS/LS-DYNA to investigate the effect of biaxial stress of vertical blasthole on crack evolution.Numerical results show that:Fracture zones are circles under the equal bi-directional in-situ stresses，and cracks area decrease non-linearly with the increasing of in-situ stress，but the crack density increases.The quantitative relationship between compressive stress and crack zone area was given；Fracture zones are ellipses under the unequal bi-directional in-situ stresses.The longest axis of fracture zone coincides with the larger compressive principal stress and the shortest axis of fracture zone coincides with the smaller compressive principal stress.Under the condition of smaller invariable compressive stress，the length of long axis and the area of cracks decrease after increasing with increasing of the larger compressive stress，and the length of short axis decreases always.
    Optimizing the Stope Structural Parameters Using Mathews Empirical Analysis Method and Numerical Analysis Method
    XU Hong-Liang, LIU Zhao-Sheng, SHI Lu, WANG Shao-Quan
    2015, 44(12):  19-23. 
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    Application of the stope method with subsequent backfilling is a high-efficient mining method，and it has become the general trend of mining technology for large and extra-large underground mine.Combining with Mathews stability graph method and FLAC3D numerical simulation，the stope structural parameters are preliminarily determined by Mathews stability graph method，and the preliminary scheme is optimized by FLAC3D numerical simulation method to obtain the optimal stope structural parameters.Taking Zhangzhuang iron mine as an example，investigations on the stope mining with subsequent backfilling in stage of application，drilling，and ore withdrawal for large and thick ore-body are made to analyzed the stope stability under different structural parameters and different exposed area.The reliable mining stope parameters obtained can provide some foundation for the application and popularization of the open stope with subsequent backfilling.
    Mining Method Optimization for Recovering Crown Pillar in Xincheng Gold Mine Based on Catastrophe Progression Method
    WANG Qing-Yuan, ZHU Wan-Cheng, LIU Kai, HOU Chen
    2015, 44(12):  24-28. 
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    The ore grade of crown pillar at -580 m level of Ⅴ# ore body in Xincheng gold mine is high.But there exists hidden danger to recover it due to the complex geological conditions.In order to determine the optimal mining method for crown pillars，a catastrophe theory is adopted to optimize the mining method.The catastrophe progression method with the catastrophe mathematics and fuzzy mathematics is used to establish an integrated superiority evaluation model of mining method.Based on slope stability evaluation method of catastrophe progression，different factors (safety，capacity，economic and technical index) for mining method selection are comprehensively considered.According to the normalized quantitative recursive formula for computing，the mutation progression of three mining schemes is determined to be 0.972，0.969，0.956 respectively，so scheme I is optimal.The underground industrial test showed that scheme I is reasonable.It is feasible to apply the mutation progression method into the optimization of mining method.
    High-efficient Zoned Mining Practice of Slowly Inclined Large and Thick Orebody under the Condition of Multi-level and Goaf Groups
    SHENG Jia, CHEN Bei, LI Xiang-Dong, ZHOU Yi-Long, WANG Ai-Min, JIANG Fei-Fei
    2015, 44(12):  29-32. 
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    Some large rock gold mine is attempted to adopt the two steps open stoping with subsequent caving mining method for the slowly inclined large and thick ore-body.According to the condition of multi-level and goaf groups，and second-step stopes mining under the condition of first-step goaf without management，as well as combining with the reconstruction production capacity requirements，the large panel stope high-efficient zoned mining scheme is put forward.The second-step stope is divided into two mining areas to retain barrier pillars between the two areas.The ore bodies in the footwall adopt sublevel open stoping and lateral caving with subsequent roof caving method，and the triangular ore bodies in the hanging wall used sublevel open stoping with positive caving method.Through the large panel stope high-efficient zoned mining industrial field test，high-efficient，economical and safety mining of slowly inclined large and thick orebody under the condition of multi-level and goaf masses are realized，which provides important technical support for the mines with similar conditions.
    Anisotropic Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Shale under Uniaxial Compression
    ZHANG Yong-Ze, LIU Jun-Xin, MAO Hai-Jun, HUO Liang, HOU Zhen-Kun
    2015, 44(12):  33-37. 
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    In order to study the physical mechanical characteristics of shale and its anisotropy，and provide technical parameters for hydraulic fracturing process regularity of fissure network，the electron microscope scanning and uniaxial compression tests for Longmaxi formation shale are carried out to analyze its anisotropic property based on the different bedding plane microstructure，mechanical parameters and damage characteristics.The results show that：the anisotropy of shale is its intrinsic property，which determines different mechanical properties of shale and failure mode.When the angle of the coring direction and bedding plane θ=0°，the failure mode shows as tension destruction；θ=22.5°，the failure mode is the shear failure along the bedding plane and the tensile destruction parallel to the axial direction；θ=45°，the failure modes is the single shear failure along the bedding plane；θ=67.5°，the failure mode is the complex shear failure along or through the bedding plane；θ=90°，the failure mode is the tension destruction through the bedding plane.The longitudinal wave velocity，elastic modulus，uniaxial compressive strength and Poisson ratio also show some anisotropy.
    Horizontal Tunnel Rapid Excavation Construction Method in Loose Formation
    LI Yue-Xian, SHEN Yan-Chen, ZHANG Guan-Zhou, CHEN Zhuo, ZHAO Pu-Shan, GUO Jing-Ming
    2015, 44(12):  38-41. 
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    In order to grasp the rapid construction theory and construction technology and operation method of non-construction supporting of horizontal tunnel in loose strata，a thorough analysis on the rapid construction case of the double rows-double layers long distance water diversion culvert in loose formation was made.Based on the friction around jacking pipe，face pressure and the self weight of the pipeline，the jacking force calculation and the new construction process and technology for rapid tunnel construction of metal mines horizontal tunnel in loose formation were acquired.An in-site jacking experiment and various monitoring were carried on and the measured jacking force was contrasted with the three calculated values.The comparison of the relevant technical and economic indicators between the rapid excavation and construction method and the construction supporting method verified the progressiveness，feasibility and applicability of the rapid excavation construction method.
    Calculation of Surface Influence Area for an Underground Expanding Iron Ore
    LIU San-Ping, LI Chang-Hong, MA Hai-Tao
    2015, 44(12):  42-45. 
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    The exploitation of underground mines generally has an effect on the earth's surface in some degree.To ensure safety and provide basis of calculation，probability integral method and flac-3d numerical simulation are applied to predict the area of surface subsidence according to the actual engineering condition that an iron ore will expand mining boundary with the cementing filling method.Based on nine prospecting lines，the surface deformation numbers is taken as the reference standard to obtain the maximum surface deformation area.A simulation model of mine is established via Flac-3d software to reflect the inner properties around the mining information of three-dimensional geographic，geologic information and formations.This method simulates the surface deformation in the process of dynamic excavation and eventually determines the surface deformation contour map.Expanding mining has little influence on the normal production of enterprises and residential life when the settlement value near the mining center is 18 mm，settlement value is under cm level around enterprises and residential buildings is out of settlement area at 2 mm.The surface monitoring data further verifies the accuracy of calculation above.Calculation of surface influence area for underground mining expanding can guide production and ensure safety in industry，and own a profound significance.
    Study on Underground Solid Sylvite Mining Processes and Equipment Matching Technologies
    SHI Liang, HAO Wan-Dong, JIANG Xiao-Jun, ZHANG Zhen-Dong, GAO Rui-Wen, MA Jin-Gong
    2015, 44(12):  46-49. 
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    In order to study the application of the mining processes and equipment of the continuous miner in underground mining of solid sylvite deposits，according to the geological conditions of the seams of sylvite and magnesium salt mine fields in Longhu Lake，Laos，the mining processes，equipment matching methods and equipment applicability in the 1st District Sublevel，2nd Panel，and 1st District are analyzed.The study results show that the continuous miner-shuttle car (intermittent haulage process system）have stronger adaptability to geological conditions，and the ore body cutting efficiency of the continuous miner can be improved by changing the cutting methods of the continuous miner and reducing the depth cut into ore body.Successful application of the mining methods changes the traditional mining mode，and also improves the mechanization level and resource recovery rate.The research results have laid a foundation for expanding the application scope of the continuous miner，and also provided a new model for mining of solid sylvite resources under similar conditions.
    Reduction Roasting-Low Intensity Magnetic Separation of Lean Hematite in Hunan
    HUANG Zhu-Cheng, WEN Liang-Ming, ZHONG Rong-Hai, YAO Sheng-Jie, DAN Cong-Lin
    2015, 44(12):  50-54. 
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    There is 31.77% iron in a refractory iron ore in Qidong，Hunan Province.Iron mainly exists in form of hematite.For the development and utilization of the ore，the reduction roasting-low intensity magnetic separation method was used for dressing experiment.The results showed that adding coal pellets can improve the reducing atmosphere inside of the ball，iron can be fully reduced by using coal both inside and outside of the pellets；With additive dosage of 3%，m（C）∶m（Fe） is 0.3，small pellets with diameter of 3~5 mm,after dired the pellets,the dosage of the blending coal is 20%，the reduction temperature of 960 ℃，the reduction time of 35 min，iron metallization rate of 86.15% for roasted products will be obtained，by ground the roasted products to 95% passing 0.045 mm，magnetic field intensity of 183 kA/m for low intensity magnetic separation，the iron concentrate with iron grade of 80.23%，9.48% content of SiO2，iron recovery of 80.78% was obtained，realized high effective recovery of the iron ore resources.
    Suspension Calcination of Oolitic Hematite Ore from Donganshan
    ZHANG Ru, LI Yan-Jun, LIU Jie, NIE Cheng-Mei, ZHANG Yu-Shu
    2015, 44(12):  55-57. 
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    There is 44.53% iron，and 2.25% phosphorus pentoxide in an oolitic hematite ore from Donganshan.Hematite mainly finely disseminated in form of oolitic aggregates，belongs to refractory iron ore.It's difficult to obtain ideal separation index via traditional concentration process.In order to provide technique basis for reasonable development and utilization of the ore，suspension roasting-magnetic separation experiments was conducted.The results indicated that：at the grinding fineness of 75% -0.074 mm for raw ore，total gas flow rate of 8 m3/h，hydrogen concentration of 40%，suspension roasting temperature of 650 ℃ for 75 s，roasting products ground to 95% passing 0.074 mm，then via magnetic separation at magnetic field intensity of 85.1 kA/m，iron concentrate with 56.73% iron，0.78% phosphorus，and iron recovery of 83.96% was obtained.The content of phosphorus in concentrate was a bit high,further study should be conducted.The results provide technique basis for development and utilization of oolitic hematite ore.
    Floatation Process Study on a Low-grade Complex Cu-S-W Polymetallic Ore from Jiangxi
    LI Jun-Meng
    2015, 44(12):  58-64. 
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    There is 0.11% Cu，1.16% S，0.22 WO3 in a copper-tungsten polymetallic ore.Scheelite and chalcopyrite are mainly fine disseminated in the ore，79.55% scheelite distributed in 0.01 ~ 0.3 mm fraction，while 81.83% chalcopyrite distributed in 0.01~0.3 mm fraction.To provide technique basis for the development and utilization of the ore，on the basis of ore properties analysis，copper and sulphur bulk flotation-copper and sulphur separation flotation on the bulk flotation concentrate，tungsten flotation on the bulk flotation tailings was conducted.The results indicated that: at the grinding fineness of 65% passing 0.074 mm，using sodium silicate as the inhibitor，SN-9 as collector，BK201 as foaming agent，by one roughing-three cleaning-two scavenging copper and sulphur bulk flotation，bulk flotation concentrate using lime as inhibitor，Z-200 as collector，by one roughing-four cleaning-two scavenging copper and sulphur separation flotation，bulk flotation tailings using sodium carbonate as regulator，sodium silicate as inhibitor，W-1205 as collector，by one roughing-three cleaning-three scavenging flotation at normal temperature，flotation concentrate via one roughing-five cleaning-two scavenging flotation at 90 ℃，copper concentrate with 24.13% Cu and recovery 68.90%，sulfur concentrate with 36.15% S and recovery of 60.77%，and tungsten concentrate with 62.24% WO3 and recovery of 73.68%，were obtained.The test result is satisfactory，and can be used as technical basis for the development and utilization of the copper tungsten polymetallic ore.
    New Beneficiation Technology on Refractory Copper-Sulfide Ore from Dabaoshan
    YU Lian-Xiang, QIU Xian-Yang, QIU Guan-Zhou, WANG Hai-Dong, LIU Cong, ZHONG Guo-Jian
    2015, 44(12):  65-69. 
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    Copper grade of copper sulfide ore in Dabaoshan,Guangdong,is low，main metallic mineral chalcopyrite is closely disseminated with pyrite and pyrrhotite.Floatability of pyrrhotite is similar with chalcopyrite.It is hard to have good copper and sulfur separation index via single flotation process.To explore high efficiency separation technology on the refractory copper-sulfide ore，new beneficiation process research was conducted on the process mineralogy of the ore.Results show that with the grinding fineness of 80.10% passing 0.074 mm，by one roughing-three scavenging copper flotation，rough concentrate ground to 90% passing 0.074 mm and via magnetic separation to removal pyrrhotite，non-magnetic product through three stages copper cleaning flotation，qualified copper concentrate with 18.57% copper and recovery of 80.26%，copper scavenging flotation tailings via one roughing-one scavenging sulfur flotation，and combined with magnetic products，sulfur concentrate with sulfur grade of 45.35% and recovery of 87.12% was obtained，effectively separation of copper and sulfur was obtained.
    Beneficiation Experiment of a Refractory Micro-fine Copper-nickel Sulfide Ore from Jinlin
    LEI Mei-Fen, LI Yun-Qiang, WANG Peng-Cheng
    2015, 44(12):  70-74. 
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    There is 0.19% copper and 0.42% nickel in a refractory copper-nickel sulfide ore from Jilin.Copper and nickel ore mineral paragenesis significantly，fine disseminated.To provide technique basis for the development and utilization of the ore，copper and nickel bulk flotation-copper and nickel separation flotation process was conducted.The results show:at the grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounted for 80%，using copper sulfate as activator，ethyl xanthenes + butyl ammonium aeroflot as collector，2# oil as the foaming agent，CMC for selection inhibitors via one roughing-three cleaning-two scavenging for copper and nickel bulk flotation to achieve Cu-Ni bulk concentrate，reground the Cu-Ni bulk concentrate to -0.038 mm accounted for 90%，with lime as inhibitor，ethyl xanthate as collector endure one roughing-three cleaning-two scavenging copper and nickel separation flotation，copper concentrate with copper grade of 24.62%，copper recovery of 79.04%，nickel grade of 0.73%，nickel recovery of 1.06% of the，nickel concentrate with nickel grade of 5.73%，nickel recovery of 5.73%，copper grade of 0.11%，copper recovery of 3.22% was achieved.Comprehensive recovery of the copper and nickel was realized.
    Flotation Experiment on a Copper Ore from Yunnan
    YU Li, LIU Quan-Jun, SONG Jian-Wen, GAO Yang, RAN Jin-Cheng
    2015, 44(12):  75-78. 
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    There is 2.54% copper,70.24 g/t silver in a copper ore from Yunnan,with low content of harmful element arsenic. 42.31% copper present in free copper oxide form; 10.84% copper present in bind copper oxide form,which is hard to be recovered; 38.58% copper sulfide exists in the form of primary copper sulfide,which is easy to be recovered. Beneficiation experiments were conducted to develop and utilize the ore. The results indicated that at the grinding fineness of 78.91% passing 0.074 mm,with sodium carbonate as regulator,sodium silicate as gangue inhibitor,butyl xanthate as collector and pine oil as frothing agent via sulfide copper flotation by one roughing-three cleanings operation. Tailings of sulfide copper flotation with D2 as activator,sodium sulfide and ammonium sulfate as regulator,ammonium butyl aerofloat and isoamyl xanthate as collector and pine oil as frothing agent via oxide copper flotation by one roughing-three cleanings-two scavenging operation. Copper concentrate with copper grade of 21.16%,copper recovery of 78.70%,silver grade of 568.35 g/t,silver recovery of 70.38% was obtained. The results can provide technique basis for reasonably recovery of the resource. There is 10.84% combined copper oxide in the ore is the cause of lower copper concentrate recovery.
    Experinental Research on Flotation of the Bastnaesite Ore in Sichuan
    WEN Sheng-Lai, CHEN Shao-Xue
    2015, 44(12):  79-82. 
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    Main valuable mineral of a fluorocarbon cerium rare earth ore from Sichuan is bastnaesite，dissemination relationship among useful minerals and gangue minerals is complex.For the development and utilization of the ore，experimental study on the ore dressing.A bastnaesite with complex disseminated relationship of gangue minerals and containing a amount of mudding.Beneficiation experiments were carried out for development and utilization of the ore.Results show that at the grinding fineness of 85% passing 0.074 mm，with sodium silicate as the adjusting agent，modified hydroxyl oxime acid as collector，via two roughing-two cleaning-one scavenging closed circuit flotation process，flotation concentrate with REO grade of 42.30% and recovery of 72.59% was obtained，flotation concentrate through one stage pulsating high gradient high intensity magnetic separation operation at background magnetic induction intensity of 1.0 T，rare earth concentrate with REO grade of 60.20%，recovery to the operation of 93.00%，recovery to the run-of-mine ore of 67.10% was finally obtained，effective separation of the fluorocarbon cerium rare earth ore was obtained.
    Research on Rubidium Extraction from a Refractory Rubidium Ore
    CAO Yao-Hua, GAO Zhao-Guo, WANG Shou-Jing, WANG Wei, LIU Hong-Zhao
    2015, 44(12):  83-88. 
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    The structure of a refractory rubidium ore is granite，and the content of Rb2O was 0.13%.Rubidium mainly occurred in zinnwaldite and potassium feldspar in a decentralized state，the rubidium-bearing minerals were very difficult to be enriched by beneficiation methods.In order to develop and utilize the ore，the pyrometallurgical method and hydrometallurgical method were adopted to extract rubidium.Results showed that the leaching rate of rubidium was 93.87% after five-stage counter-current leaching，total extraction rate was 98.50% after two-round four-stage extracting，back-extraction rate was 99.75% after three-stage back-extracting，and total recovery rate of rubidium was 92.23%.The purity of rubidium chloride product was 99.75% and can meet with market quality standard.Multistage counter-current leaching technology and removing calcium leaching process can simplify the rubidium extraction process，which is an innovative method to deal with this type of ore.
    Study on Reconcentration Purification of Sulfur Concentrate in Meishan Mine
    LIU An-Ping, ZHANG Zu-Gang, YI De-Qiang, LIU Yong-Zhao
    2015, 44(12):  88-91. 
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    Sulphur concentrate produced in Meishan Mining Company is the subsidiary products on iron beneficiation process.Sulphur grade of the concentrate is 30.53%. Main metallic minerals in sulphur are pyrite(pyrrhotite)，magnetite，hematite，siderite，gangue minerals are mainly carbonate minerals(such as dolomite，calcite) and silicate minerals(such as chlorite，quartz).To increase the quality of concentrate and increase the additional value，reconcentration purification experiment was conducted on the on-site sulphur concentrate.The results indicated that：Through one roughing-one cleaning-two scavenging，and tailing of cleaning and concentrate of scavenging mined and through one stage cleaning closed circuit process，high pure sulphur concentrate with yield rate of 76.71%，sulfur grade of 39.62%，impurity MgO content of 0.41%，sulfur recovery of 97.11% was obtained.
    Research Status on Chemical Pre-oxidation for Carlin-type Gold Ore
    DONG Zai-Zheng, HAN Yue-Xin, GAO Peng
    2015, 44(12):  92-97. 
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    The reserves，distribution status and characteristics of mineralogy on carlin-type gold ore was introduced.Pointed out that the chemical oxidation method is commonly used in practice on the carlin-type gold ore preprocessing to improve the leaching rate of gold.Research progress on carlin-type gold ore using nitric acid pre-oxidation，alkaline pre-oxidation，peroxide pre-oxidation，chlorine pre-oxidation and pypocholoride pre-oxidation were reviewed.Chemical oxidation process has strict rules on operation process，real-time control should pay attention on practice，optimization and improve reaction equipment and process，develop more environmentally friendly，cheap and high efficient pretreatment reagents and process will be the chemical oxidation method the research direction on carlin-type gold ore.
    Research of Technological Mineralogy of the Magnetite Ore of Shuichang Iron Deposit
    GAN De-Qing, LI Jing, XU Ying-Xia, LIU Dian-Long, GUO Bo-Wei, LI Zhan-Jin
    2015, 44(12):  98-101. 
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    The iron grade of Shuichang iron deposit in Eastern Hebei is 32.27%.The main iron mineral is magnetite，the distribution rate of iron in magnetite is 91.72%，followed by ferric metasilicate and iron carbonate，with distribution rate of 5.30% and 2.49%，respectively.Gangue minerals are mainly quartz，pyroxene and hornblende.The analysis on the technological mineralogy of the iron ore was carried out to provide technique basis for the development of the ore.The ore structures are mainly granoblastic structure，followed by sideronitic and crushed structure.While the ore textures are mainly streaky and banded texture，and minority is gneissic and massive texture.Various types of magnetite disseminated in the ore，most of which in hypidiomorphic-allotriomorphic structure，granular embedded in gangue minerals such as quartz，pyroxene，hornblende，etc..Magnetite are unevenly disseminated，8.42% distributed in +0.64 mm fraction；38.90% distributed in -0.08 mm fraction，among which 22.14% distributed in 0.04 mm fraction.So stage grinding stage separation process is suitable for sorting of the iron ore.
    Geological Characteristics and Prospecting Direction of Jiangcangnan Pb-Zn Deposit in Tuotuo River Region
    QI Shan-Zhi, JIANG Cheng-Wu, CUI Mei-Li, LEI Bo, CAO Yong-Liang
    2015, 44(12):  102-106. 
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    Jiangcangnan Pb-Zn deposit is located in the southern section of Tuotuo river area,which is the northern extension of Sanjiang polymetallic metallogenic belt in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Based on the field investigation，7 large-scale Pb-Zn geophysical anomalies are found and the strong Pb-Zn mineralization potential is presented in the research area.The further analysis results of the above geophysical anomalies show that:①the limestone in the Permian ninety team is the main surrounding rock with high contents of the elements such as Pb，Zn,etc;②the selected 7 mineralization zone mentioned above is located in the fracture development geological structure area，such as in the intersection of faults，unconformity interface of formation and so on，they are mainly NW-direction and nearly EW-direction,it indicated the evidence that one of the important controlling factors of Pb-Zn deposit is the geological structure in the research area;③the Pb grade is from 0.53% to 5.45%，the Zn grade is from 0.91% to 4.67% in the orebody of the Pb-Zn deposit,the Pb metal capacity is almost 1.45×105 t,it means that the metal ore deposit is the medium size and shows a good potential for exploring mineral resource.Based on analyzing the geological background of mineralization,ore deposit geological characteristics,orebody geological characteristics in the research area，the ore-controlling factors,ore deposit genesis and prospecting indicators in the research area are also studied in depth,it concluded that the Jiangcangnan Pb-Zn deposit is a middle-low-temperature hydrothermal deposit with the significantly structure controlling the oxide strips with the red，brown，gray and other colors in or nearby the fracture development geological structure area is the obvious sign of the development of Pb-Zn deposit.The above research results can provide the reference for the further exploration and exploitation work of the other Pb-Zn deposit in Tuotuo river area.
    Deposit Geological Characteristics and Prospecting Direction of Xianrenyan Gold Mine,Hunan Province
    SONG Huan-Xia, JING Ming, ZHAO Gui-Jun, WAN Ke-Yong
    2015, 44(12):  107-110. 
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    Xianrenyan gold mine,Hunan province is located in the northern part of the middle section of Nanling metallogenic belt,the gold deposit occurs in III level reversal anticline of Xianrenyan,the III level reversal anticline of Xianrenyan not only provide the good spacial conditions for diagenesis and mineralization,but also control the morphology and occurrence of the magmatic orebody.Firstly,based on analyzing the geological tectonic background of Xianrenyan gold mine,the orebody characteristics,gold characteristics of the black soil type angle gravel gold mine and geochemical characteristics are discussed in depth;then,combing with the existed geological exploration data of Xianrenyan gold mining area,the relationship between the silicified breccia and gold mineralization in Xianrenyan mine fields is discussed;finally,the prospecting direction of Xianrenyan gold mining area is discussed,and the Xianrenyan -Yangjialing Pb-Zn-Au-Ag metallogenic prospecting area and the Xianrenyan gold mine depth metallogenic prospecting area are researched.The above research results can provide some reference for the further prospecting work in the mining area.
    GPS Height Anomaly Fitting Model in Mining Area Based on the Relevant Vector Machine
    LUO Yi-Yong, ZHANG Li-Ting, ZHOU Shi-Jian, LU Tie-Ding
    2015, 44(12):  111-114. 
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    In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of GPS height anomaly fitting,the GPS height anomaly fitting method based on the relevant vector machine (RVM) is established.The new model has the characteristics of sparse and probability.The relevance vector machine is established based on cauchy kernel function and the cross validation method,and the formula of confidence interval estimation is established.Taking the GPS height control network in a mining area as an example,the GPS height anomaly fitting model based on the relevant vector machine is put forward，the height anomaly fitting accuracy of the polynomial,BP neural network,genetic algorithm least squares support vector machine and the relevant vector machine are analyzed in depth.The reliability of the above methods are evaluated by means of confidence interval estimation.Indicators of mean absolute error(MAE),mean absolute percentage error(MAPE) and root mean square error(RMSE)are adopted to conducted evaluation of the accuracy of the above methods.The research results show that:①values of MAE,MAPE,RMSE of the new method proposed in this paper is superior than polynomial,BP neural network and genetic algorithm least squares support vector machine;②GPS height anomaly values of test data set are all within the estimated confidence intervals.The above research results further indicated that the fitting precision and reliability of the GPS height anomaly based on the relevant vector machine are good,it is very suitable for the GPS height anomaly fitting,therefore，the normal height in mining area can be measured quickly with high precision by this model.
    Design and Research of a Modern Mine Hoist Signal System
    LU Qing
    2015, 44(12):  115-118. 
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    At present，the signal system of mine hoist in China usually consists of traditional relays and contactors，with low reliability.It easily breaks down.In view of the status quo of existing hoist signal system，a modern mine hoist signal system with Siemens programmable logic controller PLC-300 and remote I/O device ET200M is proposed.The communication network of this system is based on 485 PROFIBUS-DP network，and adopts ISD4004 voice module and LCD screen for playback to display the characters and broadcast the sounds.The redundant system greatly enhances the reliability，stability and security of the signal system，and significantly improves the work efficiency.With a friendly and intuitive interface，the mine hoist signal system has a certain reference value to the design of the hoist signal system in China.
    Processing of the Mine Electrical and Mechanical Equipment Video MonitoringImages Based on Shearlet Transform
    LIU Ying
    2015, 44(12):  119-123. 
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    The operation of mine electrical and mechanical equipment with high efficiency is an important quarantee to ensure mine safety production.Due to the existing factors such underground dust with high density and uneven illumination,the electrical and mechanical equipment images obtained by the video image monitoring system are obscure relatively,therefore,the monitoring effects of the mine electrical and mechanical equipment are influenced.A new mine electrical and mechanical equipment video monitoring images are proposed based on combing with Shearlet transform and adaptive classification method of image region.Firstly,combing with the mean and standard deviation of the local regions of image,a new adaptive classification method image regions is designed,the image is divided into homogeneous image blocks,non-homogeneous image blocks and edge image blocks,the homogeneous image blocks are processed by Wiener filtering algorithm;secondly,the non-homogeneous image blocks are conduct multi-scale Shearlet transform,the low-frequency and high-frequency Shearlet decomposition coefficients are obtained,a new Shearlet transform domain adaptive threshold denoising function model is put farward to filtering the noise in high-frequency Shearlet decomposition coefficients,the original low-frequency Shearlet decomposition coefficient and filtered high-frequency Shearlet decomposition coefficients are conducted decomposition coefficients reconstruction;finally,the edge image blocks,filtered homogeneous image blocks and non-homogeneous image blocks are superimposed.Programmes of the Wiener filtering algorithm,hard wavelet threshold denoising function model,soft wavelet threshold denoising function model and the algorithm proposed in this paper are written based on MATLAB language,the experimental result show that the performance of the algorithm proposed in this paper is better than other algorithms,and the visual effects of the images proposed by it is improved greatly,it has some reference for improving the quality of the mine electrical and mechanical equipment video monitoring images.
    An Intelligent Control Technology for Semi-autogenous Mill
    SUN Jing, WU Tong-Chun
    2015, 44(12):  124-128. 
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    Semi-autogenous grind mill has many complex features such as multivariable，nonlinear，strong coupling，large lag，time-varying and so on，and many process parameters are difficult to be detected and control by conventional control method.Therefore，Wushan plant find out relationship among semi-autogenous grind mill feed ore granularity，mill noise，power，axial pressure，grinding concentration,feeding capacity during working，based on the human experience，and expressed by computer language，a qualitative，intelligent control system was obtained.Practice shows that semi-autogenous grind mill can control system according to the control strategy of the server settings，real-time acquisition the mill process parameters，automatically working on optimal parameters on semi-autogenous grind mill process，compared with the original manual control in Wushan Plant,the feeding capacity increased 24.7 t/h，prolong the service life of the lining board 11.1 d，mine energy consumption decreased 0.49 kWh/t，has significant economic benefits，has important application prospects in the field of metal mine.
    Mine Industry IT Planning Project Solution
    FENG Jing-Yan, CHEN Zhong
    2015, 44(12):  129-132. 
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    At present,mining enterprises have recognized the important role of information in the development of enterprises,as well as the important significance of IT planning for the construction of information,and the IT planning as an independent project to operate.Shougang mineral company based on many years of mining industry information construction and the implementation of the IT planning project experience,summed up the formation of a IT planning project with the characteristics of mining projects,the use of the solution to complete the enterprise IT planning project,to provide enterprises with comprehensive,long-term development plan,and give a full implementation of enterprise information construction plan to meet the needs of sustainable development of enterprises.
    Solidifying and Dry Stacking Process of Tailings in Wisco Jinshandian Mine and Its Application
    WANG Bin, WANG Liang-Feng, ZHU Jun-Xing
    2015, 44(12):  133-138. 
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    The process of tailings solidifying with deep thickening and dewatering is proposed，and applied into tailings disposal of Wusteel Jinshandian Iron Mine.The tailings concentration after thickening reached 65%.With the addition of solidifying agent after three days，tailings strength reaches 0.05MPa or more.The solidifying effect is verified through a series of laboratory tests，showing that the effect can meet the requirements.At the same time，combining with the actual situation of the mine，the service system for solidifying and dry stacking of tailings is investigated for smooth operation in production.The disposal of tailings in Jinshandian mine is considered as a success case for the implementation of dry stacking in the southern rainy areas in China，and it is an important reference for similar projects in the southern rainy areas.
    Study on Evolution of Debris Flow from Dam Break and Protection Measures
    LIU Yang, QI Qing-Lan, ZHANG Li-Ting
    2015, 44(12):  139-143. 
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    Taking a practical project for example，the three dimensional numerical model of dam break is set up to make numerical simulation on the evolution law of debris flow from dam break and obtain the submerged area and the law of velocity and accumulation depth varied with time.Then，the experimental data verified the numerical simulation results.Applying the landslide and diversion dam to the practical engineering aimed at artificially changing the evolution direction of debris flow to maximumly reduce the damage.By analyzing the protection effect of the landslide and diversion dam to the debris flow，it is verified that the landslide and diversion dam could not only guide the debris flow，but also retain parts of debris flow.Therefore，it can effectively reduce the evolution distance of debris flow to the downstream.
    Spatial Variability of Moisture and Vegetation Recovery on Rare Earth Tailing Slopeland
    CAO Xue-Zhang, LI Xiao-Qing, ZHONG Tie, ZHANG Yi, CHEN Bin, TANG Huan-Huan
    2015, 44(12):  144-147. 
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    The spatial variability of moisture and growth status of Eragrostis curvula on rare earth tailing slopeland was studied in Xiazhuang rare earth mining area in Dingnan County of Jiangxi Province.Results show that：①tailing moisture changes on the whole in the order of the bottom-slope > the mid-slope > the top-slope along the level direction，and southern slope > western slope > eastern slope in terms of the slope aspects，but there is no significant difference in moisture between different slope aspects；②the biomass of Eragrostis curvula changes on the whole in the order of the mid-slope > the bottom-slope > the top-slope along the vertical direction，but there is no significant difference in biomass between different positions along the vertical direction；③the correlation between the biomass of Eragrostis curvula and the moisture content is weak，showing that the spatial variability of moisture has no significant impact on biomass of Eragrostis curvula on rare earth tailing slopeland；④the spatial variability of biomass of Eragrostis curvula is significantly larger than that of moisture on rare earth tailing slopeland.
    Study on Surface Deformation based on the Coexistence of Two methods in Chengchao Iron Mine
    PEI Ming-Song, XU Meng-Guo, WANG Ping, SHANG Huan-Di, DU Yu-Xiang, FENG Ren-Jie
    2015, 44(12):  148-152. 
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    Chenchao iron mine expects to stope the ore above -500 m using the method of recycling safety pillars under dressing-plant by filling method as continuing to use pillarless sublevel caving to stope other bodies in the similar stage.The similar simulation model experiment is carried out to explore the influence of methods above on the surface of dressing-plant area.The experimental results show that underground mining activities have a bigger influence on surface between the range of 20 m and 150m from the collapse pit edge，and almost have no impact on the distance more than 150m.The situation of surface subsidence of dressing-plant area and the general rules between the strain of subsurface rock and the distance to collapse pit edge were obtained.So，it is feasible for making the dressing-plant protection and stoping the ore above -500 m by the method mentioned above.
    Experimental Study on a New Swelling Pressure Measuring Method of the Static Cracking Agent
    DAI Xing-Hang, QIU Zhao-Guo, ZHANG Feng-Peng, XU Xiang-Xin
    2015, 44(12):  153-156. 
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    The problems of measuring the swelling pressure of static cracking agent(SCA) by outer pipe method are analyzed.According to the isotropism of swelling pressure from the hydration reaction of SCA，a new method was presented to measure the swelling pressure.The measuring system composed of electrohydraulic servo tester，displacement sensor and steel cylinder component is designed.The axial displacement control to the SCA paste is carried out to measure the axial swelling pressure of the SCA.The comparison result of the measured data shows that the measuring system and method has sufficient theoretical evidence，reasonable designing in the steel cylinder component and the measuring system，and owns stable and reliable measuring results.The measuring system and the new method are worth to be popularized and applied.Compared with the outer pipe method，this method avoids the impact of the heat output on the measuring result，simplifies the measuring technology and operation，and improves the measuring accuracy and efficiency.
    Establishment of the Plugging Curtain Model in Zhongguan Iron Mine and Its Stability analysis
    XIA Dong, CHANG Hong
    2015, 44(12):  157-160. 
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    To protect underground water resource and rationalize the mineral resource，the measures which adopt totally closed curtain grouting to block groundwater are stable and effective to ensure exploitation of underground ore deposit.During the tunnel construction and ore mining，water drainage for surrounding rocks within curtain is required.With the water drainage ongoing，both inside and outside of the curtain will produce a certain hydraulic gradient，which will negatively affect the stability of the curtain area.By combining the water plugging curtain grouting engineering of Zhongguan iron mine，a three-dimensional geological model，3D visualization model and 3D mechanical model of the water shutoff curtain area was established based on hydrogeological data，engineering geological data and drilling data.Then，stress response caused by water drainage within the curtain wall rock is analyzed.The results showed that:water draining makes the stress field in plugging curtain region change obviously，and brings a great disturbance in west side and southwest side of the curtain.
    Prediction and Analysis to Affecting Factors of Surface Mining Subsidence in the Mining Area of Shallow Coal Seam with Thin Bedrock
    GUO Qi-Chen, LI Wen-Ping, WANG Qi-Qing, YANG Dong-Dong
    2015, 44(12):  161-164. 
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    At present,surface subsidence of coal mining is an increasing serious phenomenon，especially for shallow coal seam with thin bedrock in northwest China.Taking the mining area of a mine in Ordos as an example,the regularity and affecting factors of surface mining subsidence after mining of the first mining working face are analyzed.Based on the properties of the above strata,geological conditions,mining technical conditions and surface subsidence observation data of the mining area,the regularity of the first mining working face is analyzed by using probability integral method,and the main affecting factors of the surface subsidence in shallow coal seam with thin bedrock are also discussed in depth.The result show that:①the prediction results of the surface mining subsidence by using probability integral method is consistence with the measure data basically,therefore,it is feasible to predict the surface movement parameters in the mining area by using probability integral method;②the whole structure of the mining area is relatively simple,the coal seam of mining working face is distributed in horizontal,so,the factors such as thickness,mining depth,dip angle are changed slightly,through analyzing the above factors,it is believed that the ratio of the loose layer thickness and bedrock thickness (HS/HJ) and mining intensity (advancing speed of working face) are the main affecting factors of the surface subsidence in the mining area;③the ratio of loose layer thickness and bedrock thickness (HS/HJ),mining intensity (advancing speed of working face) curve and surface subsidence curve are analyzed,the roles of the ratio of loose layer thickness and bedrock thickness (HS/HJ) and mining intensity (advancing speed of working face) to surface mining subsidence in mining area are opposite,the influence of mining intensity of (advancing speed of working face) is greater than the ratio of loose layer thickness and bedrock thickness (HS/HJ)to surface subsidence in mining area.The above research results have certain reference value for analysis and prediction of the mining surface mining subsidence in Ordos area with stable geological structures.
    Lead Recovery from Lead-silver Residues of a Smelting Plant in Guangdong
    YAO Wei, LI Mao-Lin, SUN Zhao-Shu, WANG Yue-Lin, CUI Rui
    2015, 44(12):  165-168. 
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    There is 17.55% lead in lead-silver residues made from a zinc sulfide concentrate of a smelting plant in Guangdong via oxygen pressure acid leaching and sulfur flotation process，89.74% of the lead exists in form of lead sulfate.Lead is fine disseminated in lead-silver residues，98.18% distributed in -40 μm fraction.In order to recover the valuable metal lead in lead-silver residues，beneficiation experiments were conducted.The results showed that after treated by running water，using lime as a pH adjusting agent，sodium silicate as gangue inhibitors，CSY for the collector，alcohol oil as a foaming agent，through the flotation process of one roughing-three cleaning-two scavenging，lead concentrate with lead grade of 50.28% and recovery 82.42% was obtained.Good beneficiation test results had been obtained，which provide technique basis for reasonably use of the lead-silver residues.
    Recovery of Iron from Gold Smelting Slag from Henan by Direct Reduction Roasting-Low Intensity Magnetic Separation Process
    WANG Wei, LIU Lin, FENG An-Sheng, LIU Hong-Zhao, GAO Zhao-Guo
    2015, 44(12):  169-172. 
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    There is 27.24% iron in a gold smelting slag from Henan Province.The iron in the slag mainly exists in the form of hematite.Direct reduction roasting-low intensity magnetic separation process was conducted on the slag to recovery iron from this gold smelting slag.The results showed while the dosage of reducing agent is 15%，dosage of calcium oxide is 5%，roasting temperature is 1 150 ℃，roasting time is 80 min，and then ground the roasted product to -0.045 mm accounted for 75%，magnetic field intensity is 60 kA/m，the iron concentrate with iron grade of 91.4% and iron recovery of 79.5% can be obtained，high efficiently recovery of iron in slag was realized.
    Valuable Metals Recovery from Gold Smelting Slag in Henan by Chloridizing Roasting
    LIU Lin, FENG An-Sheng, WANG Wei
    2015, 44(12):  173-175. 
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    There are large amounts of valuable metals such as Au，Ag，Cu，Pb，Zn in gold smelting slag.So it not only can reduce environment pollution caused by tailings storage but also can provide economic benefits to recovery and utilize the smelting slag.In order to provide technique basis for utilization of valuable metals in a gold smelting slag in Henan Province，high temperature chlorination roasting process was conducted on the slag.Results indicated that with CaCl2 dosage of 7%，roasting temperature of 1 100 ℃ for 60 min，volatilization rate of Au，Ag，Cu，Pb，Zn is 96.01%，81.69%，86.57%，99.67%，99.07%，respectively，comprehensive recovery of valuable metals was realized.